sql server management studio & sql ddl
DESCRIPTION
SQL Server Management Studio & SQL DDL. SQL Server Management Studio SQL DDL CREATE TABLE Constraints ALTER TABLE DROP TABLE The GUI way Steen Jensen, autumn 2013. SQL Server Management Studio. A lot of the time you will be working in the Query window - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Data modeling using ER
SQL Server Management Studio & SQL DDL1SQL Server Management StudioSQL DDLCREATE TABLEConstraintsALTER TABLEDROP TABLEThe GUI way
Steen Jensen, autumn 2013
SQL Server Management StudioA lot of the time you will be working in the Query window
Most of the commands can be executed in a graphical way, but start training typing in the SQL commands
The management studio is huge and a lot of functionality is aimed for administrators
And now for a live demo!2SQL DDLSQL stands for Structured Query Language and can be divided into two groups of commands:DDL: Data Definition Language for handling the structureDML: Data Manipulation Language for handling the content
In SQL Server Management Studio you will be using a dialect of SQL called T-SQL (Transact SQL), which is largely compliant with ANSI/ISO SQL standards
All queries work on objects a fully qualified object name:[ServerName.[DatabaseName.[SchemaName.]]]ObjectNameA schema can be used for separating database objects into logical groups default schema = dbo (= database owner)An object name must always be part of a query the rest are optional3Creating tables overall structureThe command CREATE TABLE is used to create a table and have the below general structure:
4
CREATE TABLE selected partsIdentity: SQL Server automatically assigns a sequenced number for every inserted/new row (other DBMSs calls this auto_increment)Seed is the start value, and increment how much it should be increased
Computed columns:Used for derived attributes/columns
Column constraints:Covered in chapter 6 (e.g. Primary key)5CREATE TABLE table & column namesSelected rules for table & column names:Capitalization: start each word with a capital letter (camel casing)
Name length: keep names as short as possible
Limit abbreviations: only use well-known abbreviations (e.g. no )
Eliminate spacing between words: use camel casing
Avoid underscore : tricky to type, difficult to read (underline)
6CREATE TABLE data types 17
CREATE TABLE data types 28
CREATE TABLE data types 39
CREATE TABLE data types 410
Creating tables exampleThe below create command creates a table called Employees
11
Constraints primary keyDifferent constraints can be added for a table
Primary key constraints:
12
Constraints foreign keyForeign key constraints:
13
Constraints foreign key, self-referencingForeign key constraints self-referencing:
14
Constraints uniqueUnique constraints: Often referred as alternate keys
15
Constraints check 1Check constraints: Can make a lot of validation
16
Constraints check 2Below is a little subset of, what is possible using the check constraint
17
Constraints defaultDefault constraints: If a value is supplied in an insert, then no default value will be used
If no value is supplied in an insert, then the default value will be used
18
Exercise in CREATE TABLEContinue with your Amazon system and create the necessary tables in SQL Server Management Studio19Altering tables overall structureThe command ALTER TABLE is used to change an existing table and have the below general structure:
20
Altering tables an exampleThe below figure shows two examples of adding new fields/columns to an existing table:
21
Deleting tablesThe command DROP TABLE is used to delete the structure and the content of an existing table:
22
The GUI way of doing thingsInstead of typing in SQL commands you can do it in a graphical way
Try this by following the instructions page 165bot 170bot
23