SQL*NET

WizardsCourse

Zürich 14-18 June 1989

OSI Overview :Matching the model to reality

Frédéric Hemmer CERN

OSI Overview:Matching the model to

reality

• Today's computers• OSI layers overview• Bridges, Routers and Gateways• Decnet, TCP/IP• SQL*Net• Common questions• SQL*Net example : CERN• Performance• Conclusions

PC's and MAC's

• Single user operating system• Monotasking operating system• Limited (expensive) disk space availability• Usually no native networking• Availability of resource sharing systems• Very good dedicated user interface

Workstations

• Multitasking operating system• Multiuser operating system• Higher disk space availability• Native networking• Resource sharing by means of standards• Good (distributed) windowing interface• A lot of CPU dedicated to the user interface

Mainframes

• Multitasking operating system• Multiuser time-shared operating system• High (cheap) disk space availability• No native multi-vendor networking• Resource sharing by means of standard

protocols• Weak user interface• Little CPU used for the user interface

ISO/OSI Reference Model

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

ISO/OSI Reference Model

ApplicationApplication

PresentationPresentation

SessionSession

TransportTransport

NetworkNetwork

Data LinkData Link

PhysicalPhysicalRS232, CSMA/CDIBM TR, FDDI

HDLC, SDLC, LAPBLLC, 802.x

X25, IP,CLNS,CONS

TCP, UDP, NSP,TP0 -> TP4

ISO/CCITT session

ISO/CCITTpresentation (X409)

FTP, Telnet, FTAM, Set host, RDA

MAC-Level Bridges

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Data Link

Physical

Decnet Phase IVlayers

Network Management

Network Application

Session Control

Network Services

Transport

Data Link

Physical

User

Decnet Phase Vlayers

Application

Presentation

Session Control

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

DNA Session Control

DNA Application

OSI Application

NamingService

TCP/IP layers

Telnet, FTP, SMTP,Name Server,

r-series,NFS (+ Sun RPC),

User programs

TCP/UDP

IP/ICMP/ARP

Drivers/Controllers

Physical

SQL*Net layers

UPIUPI

Two-TaskCommon

Two-TaskCommon

OSN OSN

User Oracle

Two-TaskCommon

Two-TaskCommon

OPIOPI

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Problem #1

• I understood protocols upper layers are independent of the data link layer.

So, why should I buy an ExcelanEthernet board to run TCP/IP on myMicrosoft / Intel PC?

Problem #2

• I understood protocols like TCP/IP are standards.

So, why does the Oracle installation procedure for SQL*NET TCP/IP on VMS ask me which TCP/IP (Wollongong orExcelan) ?Similarly, why does SQL*NET TCP/IP notwork for CMU TCP/IP which is almost free ?

Problem #3

• Oracle provides a SQL*NETdriver for TCP/IP on IBM's 6150(RT/PC). What should I do to makeit work over IBM's Token ringusing TCP/IP ?

Problem #4

• I'm a newcomer in the networkingworld. What networking protocolshould I use ?

• What SQL*NET networking protocolshould I use if I have the choice ?

SQL*NET Topologyat CERN

MacMacIBM PCIBM PC

IBM PCIBM PCIBM PCIBM PC

IBM PCIBM PCIBM PCIBM PC

IBM PCIBM PC

MacMacMacMac

MacMacMacMac

MacMac

Sun Sun

IBM PCIBM PC

Mac Mac

ApolloApollo

NovellNovell FastpathFastpath

LEP

ApolloApollo

RT PCRT PC

CentralVAX/VMSCluster

CentralVAX/VMSCluster

IBM 3090/6006 VF - VM/XA

IBM 3090/6006 VF - VM/XA

Siemens 7890 SVM/HPO

Siemens 7890 SVM/HPO

UltrixUltrix

LAVCLAVCLAVCLAVC

8232

3725

3732

IP

CTC

SNA (LU 6.2)

VTAM

... Decnet

UltrixUltrixUltrixUltrix

Cray X/MP 48Sun

CLC

TCP

TCPTCP

IPX

Appletalk

TCP

UltrixUltrix

PS

UltrixUltrixUltrixUltrix

TCP

The LEP Control System

LEP SPS

Computer Centre

PCR

Domain

PbarLab and offices

Dev

Software Architecture

IBM PC/AT PCAApollo

IBM

RTPC

Application Application Application Application

SQL*NetSQL*NetRPC client RPC client

RPC Servers

ApplicationServers Oracle

SQL*Net

SQL*Net

DataBaseServer

OracleServer

LEP Control System

Performance

KB

ms

Decnet

Tcp/Ip

Local0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Conclusions

• ISO protocols being specified• ISO protocols not yet fullyimplemented.• Interim solutions.• SQL*Net hides the protocol for

the user.• Better use of computers• Oracle will have to provide SQL*Net/ISO