!,

ST. VIATOR COLLEGE

Marsile Alumni Hall

56 Miles From Chicago KANKAKEE, ILL1NOIS Founded in 1868. Recently rebuilt. Four n ew, thoroughly modern a nd fireproof

~uildings . Location . pleasant, healthy l;Lf!.d e asily accessible. Capacity limited to 300 boarding students . . Price· Of 'board and tmtwn $250.00 per year. Private rooms (Roy Hall) r ented at $00.00 or $75.00 per year. ·

· Well organized faculties and complete educational equipment in departments of Theology, Philosophy, Sciences and Ma thematics, Literature and Eloquen ce and in Academic and Preparatory Courses.

Degrees in Arts, Sciences and Letters conferred yearly. A Salutary system of discipline which makes for ch 31racter building is m a intained.

· For Illustrated -Catalogue , address REV. J. P. O'MAHONEY, C. S. V., President

Magrtificent New-

Notre Dame Convent Bourbonnais, Illinois

Ready for boarders. Stric tly fireproof. 85 large bright, airy , privat e rooms and alcoves. Good spring w ater. Cuisine the best. Modern a ppliances f or light, heat an d

· water ,systems. Thorough physical, intellectual an d religious training. Grounds spacious. Locality healthful and quiet country. Only 56 miles from Chicago, on two roads, Illinois Central and Big. Four. ·

Terms $200.00 per year.

S e nd for Catalogue to the Lady Superiore ss.

Bell Telephone 448 R. Independent Telephon e 706

Telephone Number of Chicago Reprcsen~ative , Randolph 172.

School Reopens September 8th.

Telephones: Bell 237r ,- I ndependent 4

•• · C .. RUHLE

Manufacturer of LIME

Wholesale and Retail Cemen t, B rz'ck , Sewer Pz'pe, Sand, Etc.

Office and Warehouse 12-16 West Av enue KANKAKEE, ILL.

W. W. HUCKINS DEALER IN

Hard and Soft Coal

Corner Court St. and East Ave .

c Voss for Photos

207 COURT STREET

Henry E. Volkmann & Son KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS

Dealers in

Diamonds, Watches & Jewelry

Watch Repairing and Engra1.Jing

I

w I J I Gogh lin Bedding and Upholstering Company

Manufacturers of

Mattresses, Couches Al so specialties in Feather R enovating

S pecial Prices to I nstitutions

Kankakee, llli1,1ois.

GEORGE ARSENEAU BAKERY

Specialties: Pies and Cakes

Bourbonna is, Illin ois

First National

Bank

Kankakee, Illinois

When You are Hungry go to

McBrootn Bros., LUNCHROOM ===and=== RESTAURANT

----===="""''""""""-------------·-~

\1;: f ~· f ··,

I .~

. '

. TH:E MIDDLEBY OVEN • THE OVE·N TH.AT SATISFIES.

A B,RICK OVEN THAT 'CAN BE MOVED FOR INSTITUTIONS · Has No Superior. Send for Catalogue an.d F~ll Information

MIDDL.EBY OVEN MFG. CO. 172-176 West Adams Street, Chicago, Illinois

G. OSCAR H. BYRON

Groceries, Ice. Cream, Cigars and Confectionery

LUNCH ROOM

Bourb'onnais, Illinois

Ind. Phone IJO Bell228-R

W. ARTHUR LATHAM Mitchell Autos

Oldsmobile Garage-269 Schuyler Ave, Kankakee

ERZING.ER BROS.

WHEN IN TROUBLE

. -SEE-

HICKEY . .

Mrs. D. H.Kamman H. Handorf

Mrs. D. H .. Kammann & Co. Manufacturers · of

Mineral Water, Champagne Cider, Belfast Ginger .Ale

Kankakee, Illinois

Fancg Grocers Fresh Fruits, Confectionery and Bakery Goods of all kinds a specialty

226-232 CouRT STREET · • KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS '

Groceries For Institutions 1

W E are the largest Packers & J ob})ers of Groceries,

Gallon Canned Fruits & Vege­tables, et,c. Pure foods and di- ·· rect importers of high grade teas and coffees packed especj­ally for institutions (public and charitable, large and small) in the U. S. A. Our coffee roast­ing plant is the largest in the west. Send for complete grocery price list corrected to date. It is yours for the asking, free. If honest weights, quality and price count, you will give me your orders. No fake prepaid freight scheme in ours.

JOSEPH F. KELLEY MANAGER

THE McNEIL & HIGGINS CO. Wholesale Grocers, Jobbers

ahd Importers. Kelley Can Supply You With Pure Foods. 3 to 15 State St., Chicago, Ill.

All ivleats .Used by St. Viator

College Are Supplied by

the ·Hotel Departtnent

Morris & Company CHICAGO

Kansas City E .• St. Louis : Oklahoma City : St. Joseph

it .

L '~·

.•: •,

· · The Kankakee Republican Co. . .

Printers and Stationers

We make a specialty of Catalogues, Booklets, Fine Station.ery, Commencetnent Programs and Invitations for Colleges and Convents

He.nry C . Luehrs H C. Luehrs G.E.Luehrs

H. C. LUEHRS & SONS

Hard and Soft Coal

Both Phones Kankakee, Ill.

Offices: 249 Court St.; ' Legris Bros'. Bank ; Corner River St. and West Ave.

J. J. RONDY 210 Court St., :: Kankakee

Wants to see you when you want

STATIONERY . OR SPORTING GOODS

· The Largest Lines in Kan¥-akee County

().RAND CENTRAL BA RSER ·sH.oP

SIX CHAIRS

JOE LAMBERT Proprietor

184 Court Street :: Kankakee, Illinois Independent Phone 444

Philip Houde · General Contractor

and Builder BOURBONNAIS, ILLINOIS

JOHN J. DRURY

PLUMBING Steam and Hot Water Heating, Gas Lights &-.o Mmztles, Gas Stoves, Sewer Work

276 Schuyler Avenue, Kankakee, Illinois. Both Phones

Joseph Turk Mfg., Co. Bradley, Illinois

Makers of

Columbia Iron and Brass Bedsteads

Special Attention to, Furnishing Institution Beds ·

Prices and:nlustrations on Application

APPARATUS FOR PHYSICS· CHEMISTRY- BIOLOGY PHYSIOGRAPHY - AGRICU-LTURE

No. 3816 Laboratory Balance, designed

by Prof. R. A. Millikan, of Chicago University, for school s desiring a more sensitive and convenient form of balance than the Harvard Trip Scale at a slightly additionai cost.

Oapacitu, two kilos. Sensibility with full load

of 2,000 grams, 0.05 grams. This sensibillty is propor­tionately i'ncreased with a lighter load.

Beam, open construction. No small weights. A rider up­on beam indicates all amounts up to 10 grams by 1-10 gram divisions, thus avoiding- the inconvenience of small weights. ·

Damping device, positive in action brings balance quickly to rest.

Bearings, steel carefully~ad· justed.

Pan arre.~t, enablipg operator to safely move balance while loaded. Also pre­vents injury to beam and knife edges. _

Leveling screws are supplied, insuring greater sensitive­ness .

Dimension.~. Beam,, 34 em long. Length of graduation, 25 em. Pans nickel plated, 15 em. in diameter . Height of balance, 45 em. Counterpoise weight included. PRICE, NET, $12.00

Catalogs Sent Prepaid, On Request

Central Scientific Cotnpan-y 14-28 Michigan St. CHICAGO ILLINOIS

,. ...

-4'

, I

I '

PAULISSEN MANUFACTURING CO. MANUFACTURERS OF

Sash, 'Do·ors and Mouldings Interior Finish a Specialty

Piate and ...._Window Glass Always on Hand

143 Washington Avenue, Cor. Bourbonnais Street, Kankakee, Illinois Central Union Telephone, Main 276w : : Independent Telephone, No. 160

Kankakfe Book Store 176 Court Street

Fine Stationery, .Pojmlat Copyright Alger and Henly Books, Post Cards and A !bums, Pennants a11d Pillow Covers, Sporting Goods.

The Gift Store

F. MAISONNEUVE High Class

Shoe Repairing Satisfaction Guaranteed

Basement, City National Bank Bld!f.

ALCIDE L'ECUYER & COMPANY Mercantile Jobbers

Confectionery and Cigars a Specialty

East. Ill. Trust & Sav. Bank Bldg. Both Phones 601 Kankakee, Ill.

TEL. FRANKLIN 480 w-.J.GILBERT, MGR

CHICAGO FIRE BRICK COMPANY MANUFACTURERS OF

Fire Brick, Fire Proofing, Fire Clay, Hol· low Blocks, Hollow Brick, Flue Lining, Sewer Pipe, Wall Coping Chimney Tops.

608 OHAMBER OF OOMMEROE CHICAGO

E.BETOURNE Druggist and

Optician

Kodaks & Supplies

Students' Elect1 ic

Reading Lamps

Kankakee Electric light Co. NORRIS & FRITH

Hard-ware and

Sporting Goods

PATRICK-BETOURNE PHARMACY North Side of Court Street

ID~r il(o~ak §qop The Largest Stock of Photographic Supplies, Plates, Films, Lamps, Enlarging Cameras & Developing Papers in the City.

f,q ' 1 LUMBER H. H. TROUP & co. LUMBER ·£,,~, KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS

~;f;~, :~~~

··l

John J. ·Wheeler, President

,. ' William ·M, Byrne, Secr~tary '

The Standard. Roofing Co.

. ' '

. . Established ~866 ' .

ROOFERS

692 N. HALSTED STREET · ·. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

Phone Monroe 430

Medal and 1);plo11ZaS at World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, I89J; A71Zerica1Z Institute of Architects' Exhibit, Chicago, I894 ·

ESTABLISHED 1884

JOHN CARETTI & .. CO. JOHN D'AMBROSIO, Proprietor

OONTRAOTORS OF

:TERRAZZO~CERAMIC M_ o~at'.c· ~ _ •• Marble and Enamel 1~~ ~ ~ • •

'ttile anb marble 'Wlork

172 Michigan Street, Chicago / slllinois Telephone: Randolph 1499

~-

1

. ,'..._

I i

~ .

.,

LEY ~ CASEY CO.

Manufacturers and General Contractors

Heating Ventilating Apparatus

Complete Power Plants

Sanitary Plumbing Municipal Water Works

and Sewerage Systems

37 to 45 OHIO STREET., CHICAGO., ILLINOIS

Long Distance Telephone, North 1833

THE NEW WORLD CHURCH GOODS STORE

We lta·ve a large selection of Prayer Books, Scapulars, Cand/estil..-ks, Rosaries,

Medals, Crucifixes, Sanctuary Lamps, Holy TJ?ater Fo;zts , Cards, Statues Pictures,

Gold a1td Silver Crosses, Sick Call Outfits, etc ., at ~rery moderate prices. 1~fail

orders give1t prompt attention.

843 Wabash Aoenue (Near 12th Street) Chicago, Illinois.

D. J. OIJLOUGHLIN, M. D. Practice Limited to

EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT

Ind. Phone 704 J 91 Court Street, Kankakee, Illinois

''NONOISE"

School Boards Buying Andrews' Schoo Desks are sur.e of satis­faction, prompt ship­ment, fair dealing.

Wealsolead the world in Oyera Chairs, Set­tees, etc., for halls and. auditoriums.

The A. H. AndreW"s Co. · 174-6 Wabash Avenue :-: Chicago, Illinois ·

MONEY TO LOAN ON CATHOLIC CHURCH PROPERTY AT LOWEST RATE

Inquiries Solicited

NAPOLEON PICARD 159 LaSalle St. Chicago, Illinois

The Spalding Trade-Mark

Is known throughout the world as a Guarantee of Quality

A. G. Spalding:& Bros. Are the largest manufacturers in the world of Official Equipment for all Athletic Sports and Pastimes.

IF Y 0 U are interested in Athletic Sports you should h ave a copy of the Spalding Cata­

------ logue. It's a complete encyclopedia of WHAT'S NEW IN SPORT and is sent free on request.

A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 147 Wabash Ave .. Chicago, Ill.

Dotnestic Palace Steatn Laun~ry· Telephone No. 178

311 Schuyler Avenue Kankakee, Illinois

OUR ICE CREAM & SPECIAL DESSERTS win p raise w !zerever used. Made ziz =============== a modern p lant by competent w ork­men , using only absolutely p ure cream an d flavo rs. Special p m ty Prices.

ANDERSON DAIRY COMPANY ''Every Mouthful Delicious"

Either Phone 91 39J Schuyler Avenue, Kankakee, Ill.

~rieL Tel. 472 We Do Repairing '

F. A., lOTTIN·VIllE SHOE' DEAlE!\

All New Ideas in Fashionable Footwear·

t88 Court Street

-Distilled Water I ) The Family Ice

Ce ( Absolutely Pure

. F. ~ D. RADEKE BRG. CO.

Both Phones 132 Kankakee, nr. '

. Legris Brothers

1Sankers Kankakee, Illinois

The "~La Petite'.' Theatre Kankakee's Most Popular Picture Show

. . I

Best Singing - Best Pictures Best Music . Matinee 2 to 5·p. m. · Evenings 7 to 10:30

New Show -Every Day Admission 5c

Roy's Pharmacy 193 Court S1reet

Drugs, Stationery, Cigars, Paint&, Oils and Varni1Shes

Prescriptions a Specialtg

STITH BROS . .

Restaurant and Lunch Room

182 Merchant Street, Kankakee

1\nox Hats Lion Shirts H & P Gloves Everwear Hosiery All a:e striking examples of the perfection of American Manu- · Jacture. Necessities whose comfort and goodness will apreal to you long after you have forgotten the price. Sold exclusively in Kankakee · by

B. B. FERRIS~--Distributor of Men's Wear

FARQUHAR & ALBRECHT. CO. ==== WHOLESALE====

378--388 Wabash A v.e.,. Chicago

- ----------~----~------------------------~

~~;·. · ~ . ~~ . • i. :r :~t , ·· \~. , .. ' , .. ._ · t i

The M·cL.aughlin~M~teer Co. Crushed Stone, Cement Walks · and Curbs,

Portla.nd Cement and all Kinds of Mason's Supplies.

North Schuyler Avenue and City Limits, Kankakee, llliniJis " Both Phones No. 277

Dr. z. J. P~y~r1 DENTIS.T.

Crown and Bridg~ Work. Gold Fillings a Specialty.

Popular Prices~. Excellent Work. Prompt Execution.

175 COURT STREET KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS

The Fin.est ·Assortment of Room Fur­nishings in the city will be found at

J. LECOUR & SONS The Store of Quality and Low- Prices

Largest Insurance Agency in Kankakee County

S_hirley Moisant & Co; Fire Insurance

Office in Legris Brothers' Bank Kankakee, Illinois !·

, I '•~ . ~ •' ': ~· I·. 'It- .i

') .. • I

THE VIA170RIAN ''FAC ET SPERA"

VOLUME 28 MARCH, i911 NUMBER 6

THE PROVIDENTIAL NATION

Child of protecting Rom,e, we1rt thou not heir? . Stamp not thy reco;rds lineal origin?

-John EdmJUJnrd Re:a1de.

OD ereated man to manifest His goodne:s1H. He n1ade him to His image: and1 likeness, wi~hing to .conununi­

. cate to a creature s10merthing of His. own life. The .~~~ Almight~ Oreator n1ade -1nan the link bet"'lveen he,arven

· a.nd earth. He g·a;ve hi1n a1 body taken fr1Q'lll the ·earth into which He b1~eathed an inunortal Horul, like unto the: spjrits who dwell in the · heavenly court. But man, listening to the whispers 10f the serpent, rebelled against His hene~fice:nt l'l1ak·e:r, and inaugurated a: long' s·erie:s~ of rehellions• aga.insrt God which

j·,:· . ha~ve continued to the present day. God had Cr'elalt.ed an things' in harmlony. The angels, who

ra.ised the s.ta~ndard of revolt unde1r Lucife~r, dis.turbed1 this ha:rmony and '\vere hurled! fronT their exaltedi plaee in the

· celestia,l Kingdmn. into the a:byss· of hell. God, howeve:r, did not condemn n1an to the et.ernal tor1nents of hell in punish­lnen t of his transgres,s1ion; for his sin, al th10ugh a; deordina­tion of the harn1ony brea~thed into a;U things by Gold, was not of such 1nagnitude1 as, thart, of the angels and hence· did not de~nand .a1 punis1hn1ent so severe. But n1an, by his sin, lost his grand prerog·ative of in1n1Drtalit~, his . s:erenity and pe,a.ce of soul and' thos'e splendid gifts; of 1nind and body with which h.is hea,venly Farther had endowed hint. As Ada1n was' the n1oral head of the: human race, so all born frorm hhn n1us·t suffer the terrible penalty of his crhne. The lorving 'Father who had cre1art.e:d hin1 did not aha:ndon him in his. di,srtress.; but in order to give the hun1a.n race an opportunity of winning back the divine favor, forfeited by our first parents, and to r~e-esta1blish ·the ha;rmony violat,ed hy their' fan, He pron1is,ed

'; I ' ' ~'c ., '

210 THE. VIATORIAN

then1 ru Redeeme:r who should' ente:r this' sh1'"laden world and repair the evil a;nd re·-adjust things.' As our first parents lost their innocence and divine fa,vor througn the vice of pride, as the ]l~gioru:. 01f Lucife:r had, s.o the S,a;vior rnust restore the dhrine friendship of n1an throrug;h tlh.e virtt1;e1 of humility. The. Redee1ner n1ust abase Hhn1self to atone fo·r the self-exaltation of the firHt n1an . and w·on1a.n.

JuSit atS a cr.eative act was, required on the 'part of God to bring the "'ivorld into existence, so also rnust He by Hi.s provi­de,nce cons,erve that which He ha:s. cr'eated; otherwise it will cease to be and 1a,pse into nothingnes.s out o.f ·which He created it. But; the divine pro'Vidence does conserve the unhrerse a,n<l Suprerne 'iVisdmn rnainta.ins the universal har1nony originally in.fuse{U into creat:ed things~ Hence it "'ivals neee'SISia,ry that ill or­der to prese1rve ha1rrnony andJ to C!atrry ourt t'he divine desjg~nsi , Clod .should .s:o a~rraln:g;e thing1~ ais toJ facilitate the entry of the R.eltle1mu·er int.o: the wrodd ain:dJ t io insiUire the ·sueeeS'S' of' His. mis­s:ion. · He should prepalre n11a1nkind for the coming of the great con,qll.·ero·r, who, in. the pl"'e-ordaliUJedi decre·eSI of eternity, was to triun1ph over the porwers of evil a.nd restore to rnan the preci­ous birthright he had cast away. Consequently "'iVe learn the nris·s,ion God hnpQised on Abraha1n and his children of pres,m·v­ing in its: purity the truer conception of God, i: e., His. unity, and the dependence of all cr:ea.ted thing's· upon Hin1. From Abrahan1 and his poste:rity should· corne: the Sa.vior of the world and in llirn all the natrons would be bless·ed. YVhat. a. glorious de's,tiny did G,od ilnpart to the Hebrew race! YVhat a splendid picture of true .national grandeur and greatne2.s la.y e·xpos.ed he.fore the eyes of the . J ewisih people! Front that race was to be bo:.rn the chosen one of God who' "'iva.s' to sever the bonds of. s.Iavery and to release the world fl."'Olll thei thral­dom of a: poVirerful and inexorable enen1y!

:In this-cmninission of the ra.ce of Abraharn we can eas.ily discern. the w()trking of divine provjdence. We' see the selec-tion of Ui certain people "to make srt:ra,ight the pa,th" :tor the ,. . "expeet•a,tion .of nat.io111s." God· knows the . he.arrts· of men and can foresee the course of lllnnan ev·ents. He guides the hu­mJan race in accordance with cert.a,in laws, which He, in Hh~ wisdmn, haS! devised· a.nd estalhlished. A 111 i.ssion of s!Uch tre·­Inendous ilnportance stretching into- the distaillt centuries of the future would be better accornplished by a, na,tion tha1n by the nations, and conseque,ntly after the de!fection of the na-

THE'· VIATORIAN 211

tion.s He re1Sftricted it to the fa.n1ily of hin1 who' had found favor in His eyes because he had . walked in His \Ya!ys a:nd had obs.erved His emn1na.nds. He re:wa:r~ded the~ fidelity of Abra.­haur hy rna.king him. the father of a1 great people . .

This sacred nation of antiquit~, whkh the supreme Lord of hea,ven and ea.rth had .set up for Hirnse1f in the darkness of pa,ganisu1 which encircled the earth \va.s endowed with superior na.tura,l qualifications, with an e:ndura,rice a·nd a str'on:g vitality whioh would e:nab.Ie it ,to rmnaifil firrn and steadfast. to. the grea.t purpose for which he had selected it.

·He gave the Hebrew peop1e a code of laws which has eEcite:d the adrniration of subseque.nt ages. Their civil and re-ligious regulations .are wor~.s o,f stupendous. g'm1i.us directed and guid­ed by the ever-present God. He: ga~e thern wonderful revela­tions that they rnigh.t the n1ore powerfully realize the gre:at­ne.ss of their rnis.sion a.nd have His, presence constantly before their n1inds. The 1-lehrew na.tiou was the city seated on a 1nountain fron1 which ernanated the ce:le~S-tia.I rays: of divine ti·uth for the e!nlighten1ne:nt. of the surrounding p:agan nat.tons which s:a.t in the Hhadow of death. Even the territory God had assigned His chosen people is a striking evidence of divine providence, for Palestine lies on, the confines of Asda, Africa a,nd EU.rope, n1id:\vay betwe!en the1 powerful ernpjre!S' o.f ancient glory, and continuaHy in the view of the' great. na,tions. of the world on a.ccount of its. exceptionally favorable l·oca.t.ion.

T'his favored people, , despite the ll1'any ren1iWrka,ble . evi­dence's of divine predilection which they had received fron1 tl1e 1Yfost. High fell awa~ ait tjmes1 fro1n their loft.y pu.rpose and were! severely punished b·y God. 'Ve read in Holy vVrit of thedr defeats jn, battle, captivities, wandering in the des·ert, etc., a.s n1a~rks of divine anger. vVhen they suffered too keenly frmn oppress.ion on ac-count of their adherence, to I-Iis1 s,a,cred

, law, God punished their oppre·sS·O·rs·, v. g., the Elgyptians1 by the plague's atld the clestructjon of the:ir a.rn1;y in the Red Se:a.. He rewa.rd:ed their c-onfidence in Hin1 by n1any tokens of lo·ve and providential catre, v. g., by feeding them in the: desert with the n1anna which feU fron1 heaven, b~ victories over their enemies a.nd grea.t dvil prosperHy, , T·hrough the prophets sent t{) then1 on va,rioons: occasions He revealed rnore cle!a,rly the princi,pal rnys.teries;, the: Trinit~, the Inca.rnation, etc. He unfold,ed n1ore: particularly the na­ture of the l\1ess-iah, the circurnsta.nces. of His birth, life,

212 THE1 VIATORIAN

dea.th and glorious resurrection; so that at the advent of OuJ:• Lord the most unmis:taka.ble signs had been given the Jews' by which they n1ight recognize Hiln. All these things . were. con­ducive to the grea,t scheme of Providence and prepaJ'ed t.lw wa.y for the cqming of ..the pro.Inised R.edeeiner; prepared . in an especial ma:nner the Hebrew people for tlie reception of · the Grea,t One who wa:s to repair the evil of AdaJ.n's fall and to atone for his srin and those of his: posrterit~. · . The prophecies were reeeiving their fulfillment, , and: I.sr.a,e'l a,t the zenith of her spiritual destiny eagerly await'ed the fruition of her mis­sion, the Light that ·vva:s to1 ·dis:siparte the dark clouds that overshadowed 1nrun rrund the Sun of J ust1ee thart 'v.a:s t.o appease injur'ed Majesty by the 'int,erusity of a eonsuming arnd univer-sal love. ·

But what was. the condition of the other na.t1o,ns,? vVhat \ . were they doing during this tim.e? The promise orf a R,erdeen1e·r had not been: confined to one ra.ee. It had' · been given to aU the children of Ada:m. Hence the mission to· prepare for His con1ing had been general. The other n:a.tions, as. they departed from the cradle of the ra,ee, had well-nigh forgotten their des­tiny and! plunged into va;Iious kinds of polytheism. They aba1ndoned their mis1sion and relinqui!shed it to the Je\VS. God had· punished them for their iniquities, but they did n10rt return to pena,nce, and finally He chose a certa,in people and made tha,t people the sacred nartion. The faJ.~ther the other nations push-ed a1way from the center of the race the deeper t1hey sank into idolatry. They w.orshipped false gods, the sun, m.oon .allld srt:a[':s,, the h:eiroes orf their raJee who haid pas1s-erd from this' life, .aJDJdi erveln lapsed. into a groiVeling1 ada:raition orf the! work of their own hamds. Great eities sprallig up; the Orient wa.s dort­t.ed with centers of tremendous commercial activity, the enl­porria of the civilized world; aca!demies flouris·hed in the Eas,t, in Greece and Italy, cul-ture and refinen1ent of a: material kind m·,arched iTIJ tune to the music of the gods. But all these t.hings " rere srerving their pu['pos:e in the greart plan of providence. Centuries before the Christian era, the grea1t em:pire:s of Ori­ental splendor and magnificence, As.s~ria .and Babylon, arnu Persia1, a1nd E:gypt on the bol~d.ers of Africa had crumbled awa.y a,nd nothing rem~ained but the a.s.hes of their ancient prov;ress. The conquering pow·er of the Greeks and R·mnans had graduaHy link·ed the former centers of imperial greart­nes.s into one might~ chadn .which extended over the civilized

'',

THEl VIAT'O·R.IAN 213

w·orld until ·we ·beh01h:JJ at tiheJ diaiWn otfl OhTdJsrtd.:a!nity the R,o·main eagle·s sQa.ring over the umiv~rs1e. R,ome was the world. Fro1u her seven . hills the Omsar viewed his va,st doma.in. She 'va.s the e·ent.e·r of unity. .In h·er was found a:ll the learning, a:ll tihe ,ye:a1lth of triumphant paganis:m. In her · saiered groiVe:S the gods of an nations were a:dorercl; yes, tjhe gods . of all na­tions exeerpt the God of the R ·ebrews, the only true God. The · Riomalll1SI had taken the best of everything · they fo11.1nd in trl1e countries they had subjugated; and lest the g0ds frown ou

·them, they had erected idols of the principal deities of the peoples and tribes whjcb were compelled to submit to the

· Roman yoke~ · Thus was Rome the capital of paganisn1, the home of idolatry.

We may now view the unfolding of God's t.renl'endous plan of unification. T'he children who had adhered to His law and r . worshipped' Him in truth, gathered at J ~rusalen1 to ope:nJy proclarhnr His glory and n1:a1jesrty a:nd to manifest .theil~ delpend­enee upon Hjm; the erring children who had ,strayed fron1 the fold, wa,nde•dng in the gloomy receiSHes of the forest of paganis1n and · idolatry, gathered at Ro1ne to pa\f hon1age to

. the fallHe gods. T1lUSI we have ~Tew and Gentile, faithful and unfa;ithful, the unity .of the spiritual in: the city of God and of the material in the city of Sart:an. Mam is pra.rtly s,piritual and· p;a,rt1y m:a:t.erial; so wa.s the 'vorld, Jerusalen1 · and Rome.

The glory of Israel avpeared', J eSUIS Ohdist, the Savior of m.a1nkind. The Je:wisrh people received in His: birth the great­e:srt pq,ssible n1:a:rk of divine fa~or. Had they not rejeet,eid Christ, they would ha1ve continued to enjoy the ,special voca­tion they had acquired in the craill of Abrruhan1. Their 1nis.sr:ion would harve been amplified-would have been universal, not .nationa'l. They .had .pre!served thrat mis,S'ion for ages until the culminart.ion o·f t1heir glory was at hand, a1nd then when the full beauty arnd ~adiainee -of I 1srael hald blos'somed forth and the budding.· :flowe1r was .a~borut to casrt its perfumed fra;granee over the wurld, they di.s,carded it ;-"they knmv n'ot whart they did."

' We ha,ve · s:een how the pagan world wa.s centered in the sa.cred groves of Rorine; how the unbelierving nations in the hands O'f p~OIVidenee had been unified and brought under the sWayi of '01ne race; horw \\ ... henJ the Jew'S threw atwra~ theh .. splendid heritage for a mess of potta1ge, the Gentiles., the p.a,riahs from the Hous1e of God, eagerly 1seized it. The . prii1ce of this world looked with ill eye upon the disappeara,neel of

214 THEI VIATORJAN

hi:s power orver the children of men -allld elu-ng t.ena,eious:ly to the shadowy s1cepter which \v.a.s ra pid:ly .slipptng fron1 his crippled grip. He exert,ed his hercule:a;n influence to stay the progress of the ne w religion-the Kingdon1 of God on earth.

As Christ had ~sea1ed the new creed wi~h His passion, so n1ust the favored people S1e1a;l their faith ill: pers,ecution, in suffe:rjng and in n1rurtyrl(lon1. The Oh:ristian spirit of s-acri:fiee waS' abundantly ni:anifest.ed in . the ea~rly da,ys of OhriHtianity; for the world, .a1verse, then as1 now, . t,o hunvility and self-denial, endea:vored to nip the fra~g·ile. flmver of Christian faith in the bud. · But the guiding ha,nd of the Supr:mne Ruler of nations and 1nen directed otherwi1s:e, .and from the blood· of martyrs, seed planted in fertile soil, sprang up the host:s1 of converts who dung so stanchly to the new faHh . The blood of s'o many of her children, shed under such va.ried circun1sta.nce:s, is an eloquent tribute to the divinity o.f Chris.t's Ohurch. The in­fant church w.atxed vigorous and .st.r.ong and ste:adily enla:rged the zone of its influence until the :fourth century -witnes,s.ed the eornplete triumph of Clhr'iSJtian effort when the Roman Etm­peror d!eclarecl' the relig•ion of J e1sus: 011riS1t. the r eligion of the empir'e.

The church was founded· in blood and a.gony, in tlLe suf­ferings, of the God-n1wn, and hm~ divine Author predicted tha.t her lot' was to be one of Sia~cri:fice. H e did not esta,blish His Ohurch to be an enubodin1ent of n1arteria1l s.ple:nclor and pros­perity. He told His dis1ciples1 to walk in His footsteps. He well knew th.att the grea1t virtues; He caane to inc1Ilcate, that sainct.ity of life and unive:r:s1a:l love of mankind, are .rarely as­sociated -with re:n1:arkaihle worldly suecess. Renee it is that the Church is: not d estin€d for a eareer of unremitting tem­poral glory. She i·s launched for eternity, nort, for tiine, and unchecked prosp erity -leads: to pride and d eeaiy; ~vhereas re­buff·s, a:nd sacrifice purify and leald to renewed efforts, dictat­ed by the experienees of tria1ls: eneountered. \V e may eonfi­dent,ly assert that: the exeellenb amd certainly indis:pensahle Christian virtue of htunilit'y thrive1s only under the shadow of adversity. It is a flower t'hat does: not flou•rish in rich S1D1il. T~1e sulliles and ca;reiSIS!€181 of temporal ,su·ccess, a1s we o>I~in.a1rily us·e the expression, only contribute to its ruin.

The grioss 1nateriaJisn1 and pa,ga1njJs1n, which had domin­a~ted the R.mnan ~';oriel before the Chur.eh ga1ined the aseend­aney, had been ea,ting att the vitals of the ra~ce and hald sapped

' ....

I ..,

TR.ID VIATOHIAN 215

the energy. and .S/tr'eng,-tlh 01f. the eUJltulr!ed peoples of Europe and Asia.. Southe:rn and Central E!lrrope wa1s in a horrible: condi­tion; decay was apparent everyw'here. Oons1equently when the vigorous tribes of barba:rians, the s.avag!e hordes1 of Goths and V.aridals, made their descent upon the ancient citie1s of Roman po·wer and splendor, they enoountered very weak op­position. They swept over Elurope, oblite1~a1ting the nlonu­·ments of eivllizrution and \Vreaking untold ha1voc throughout ·_the empire. The frightful de'Struction and deso.Iation Vi~r.ought by thes1e wi,ldJ fierce so1die·rs~ of florrtullle ea1r~eied in the:ir til'ain the extirpat-ion of s.eart:.s of lea,rning a.nd ,religion and the c.ons<e­quent decadence of knowledge. and faith in ma.ny parts of the c'Ontinent. 'The Rioimlan po1ntiffs aDJdl the bisihvps1 vvre1srt:.led he:ro­icaHy with the g1jant forces1 of destruetion, whi'eh we-re end:e:a:vor­ing t:o tea,r down the. fair -edifice of faith ailld Ohri.s:tiau eu1-ture but inadetqua:te,ly were it not for the providential a,s:s:isrt­a.nce rendered a,t this crucial pe:riod by bands of n1issionaries and s.c'botla;rs who enierged: from their ivy-covereJd: ahbey:s and secluded schoo:ls in a little island of the West.. Tfhe,slel holy arnd scholarly 1nis.siona1ries caane to the: re·scue of stricken EiUrope and poured upon the bleeding mJan-gleld continent, the life­restoring balm: which only ai short thne before E)lropei had afforded her.

But hovv come1s1 it that Ireland was in position to suc-eoct .. Eturope: in he·r dist.resiSI wnd' to send the rich blood of life cours­ing through he1r withered veins? EJ:in lay frur to the we1st, ma!ny leagues' a1way from the g1reat center of Ohrist.ian life a1nd unit.y, lay not in the bea,ten patth of the hardy n1ariners. who

. brawed-' the daillger:st of the de1ep to carry the cross:, sy1nbol of i1nan's1 redemption, t01 the erring children o-f Ada1111. She had slight co1n1nunication \v:ith Europe and had careei··ed through time without her ws:s,istance. Th€! pro·vidence of God / is a, wonderful thing1 and: His designs a~~e. often ins.cruta:ble. T'he srttal" of hope horvm~ed: orver E~t"in when the HatinteCL Pa.t,rick mn­barked on his1 V03'a,g:e cwsting, its. brilliant light on the sturdy people who were aibout to receive the glad tiding,s of great joy. Patrick landed in Ireland in 432, aind· the1re without the shedding of n1arty-r-blood in a virgin soil which has prv·ved so rich and productive were impla,nt,ed; the se~edsi of Christian life. Tl1e conver1sion of a1n e·ntire people without the shedding of hu1nan blood is UJ marvel hitherto and since unrecorded 1n historic annals.

216 THEI VIATORIAN

vVhat expla~na~ti.)n ha.ve we to offer for the unprecedented conversion of· a nation acconitplished· 'vithout. the spilling of human blood'? T'he eaLrly hist.ory of the Irish rae~ affords a very na,t.ura1l expla1nation. . . It n1ay be ascribed to the high order of civilization, the adherence t•\:)o ideq,ls and traditions unadult.era.ted by R·6ma.n or ba1rha;rian dross•, which prevailed in EJ:'in ~or centurie1s prior to the advent of the a1nbass.ador of Ohri!S•t. T1rue, the Irish slh.aired' in the universal miseries., intellectual as w·ell a,s morrul, which Adam~ bequeathed to his posterity; brut 'de1sp1ite the er1ror which was inteTwoveu in the fabric of I;ri.sh life, much of the. pure g-old of et.ernal truth and mor~.lity had been pas1s-ed down fr10iJll· genera1tion to gen­er.artion as a s.aicred heritage. As a consequence the faith ·which Partrick preruched, was n.ort a: complete amd tort.al up­rooting of old practices and beliefs. Ofhrisrtianity 'vas rather a complement, a1s well a.s a1 correction, {)·f m.allly ancient beliefs and pra.ctices. This condition of a~ffwirs is; a,nother striking evidence of the providence o.f God in regard' to those to whom . He is to confide aJ mig,hty 1nissi0·n. As. the Lord had preserved the J e:wish raice from the contaminating influences of pagantsni that it might the better aceomplislh His great design; so had D-ivine Wisdom .shaped event's that the Irish. people should cling to their coailpaira,t.ively pure ·traditions a1nd habits· free from the enervating and corrupting pra.etices~ of . European life.

When the ba1rbaria,ns had swept avira~ in their destruc­tive ma;rch the m0numents of learning which ca.reful hands had erected, all eyes turned to Ire1and~ a,s. the beacon-light which should illumine the c-ontinent in the depressing dark­ness which ensued. The mi·SlSiiona;ries and s-cho,lars of Ireland poured! into the continental countrie1s ca;rrying far a.na: " ride the la,lnp of knowledge, the sea.rchlig,ht o.f faHh-, which recalled Europe to the gifts of the Mos.t High and: which brought ahout the eonve~'Siion of the s1a;vage hordes a.nd their civilization, their subm·ission to the Vicar of Christ who' sart . upon the throne of Peter, and peace and concord to the nations . The Irish are .soldiers a!ll:d alwa.ys have been, not o.f the sword how­ever, but of the cros1s, the divine emblem of salvation. The lrjsh prior to the:ir conversion had very little int.erevurse with the peoples of E:urope and seemed satisfied· with their own green isla.ncl. But from, the mD,ment tha1t the sun of faith rose over her, shedding· its burning rays upon her children, they

,• .

' ' '

THE VIATORIAN . 217

we:re ·quickened with aTh ardent and' ' ferverit love, a.:hd the Irish, monk:s and schov,lmen seemed to reaHze their g-lorious :mlissiolll aJnd eag:erly sought opportunities of spreading. themselves over the vV'orld and of carrying fq.:ith and knowl­edge far and wide. Tihey saw in transpo:rt ne:w worlds to be conqil·ered, .not untl) the military glory of their ra,ce, but unto the glory of Christian faith. They 'boldly pernetrated the n1ost distant countries to COTilba,t pa~an.iSm' and DO crush infidelity and heresy. The princip<a1l glory of the Irish pe01)1e must be sought in their miraculous fidelity and zeal for the saNing doctrine ent,rusted tv~ their progenitors by the · holy Patrick. This ·fa1ct is plain that of all Euro:pe, of the then civilized world, one nation ailone preseTVed the faith of Ohris't in its purity and inteigrity. · 'l"11is fact ought to appea1l t.o us mos:t powerfully and eloquent ly; for there is uo sight which should touch us more than to ohs,erve the greatest of aH worlds-the world of hurna.n s:oul,s--in. the beauty and order of itsr only true de:pendenee upon the Source of aH things. Could any­thing indic:arte more clearly tha:t the general miss1ion confided to the Gentiles upon the defection of the Jews1 had been par­ticula;dzed and; transferred e:spe1ciaHy to the people of Ire­land. When the E:terna,l Farther peered into the future and sa~. the vision of countless individual,s:, of nun1·e1rous na,tiv,ns, a,ct ing tihei1~ little p.arls on the v:aJsti struge of life, He d eter­mined to rewmrd the unswerving fidelity of this people to His Holy Word and their uncompromising loyailty to the Chair vf His authority. He determined to commit to thei,r' charge the precious mission form,erly given to the Hebre'v people and to make them Hi!S chosen pe.)ple. T'his: mission, entrusted to the Irish, is more glo~rious and: far gra.nder th.an that of the J ews. The J ew,s were to prepa re for the advent of the! greart monarch of eternity; the Irish are paLrtakers of the eternal Kingdm:n H·e established and are to spre1ad it to the eonfines of the erurth ; the Jewish mis1sion wa,s one of prophecy and figure; the Irish, one of fulfillm.ent a~nd' reality. God ha,s. placed the Iri,sh race aloft on a pinna1cle of emine,nce that it might glow a1s a

· bright and burning light for th.e wea;ry pass,enger:s who cross t:he t~oubledl s1ea of life. ·

For centuries the Iris1h monks and s,chola,rs continued tv instruct and enlighten Europe. Their. services were eagerly sought by the mosrt distingutshed prin.ees, and their ripe scholarship received the recognition of the master-mln<IH or

218 THE1 VIATORIAN

their time. I might mention just a,s an instance, the este:mn a1nd re:spect in which the Irish schooln1en invited to the· Court ·of Charlemagne were held by the gTeat empe:ror himself. But not only did' they migrate into foreign regions · to ilnpa,rt kntYwledgJe, and thart profrune a 1s well a:s sa:~red, but they n1ain­tained grewt monast,eries a,nd flourishing s~chools, at ho1ne., 'vhich eonstantly received considerable additions, of n1oriks. and s:choolmem from Eiurope, hrorught thither by the reputati·on U!cquired by the Irish scholars. These seho0huen devoted then11selves a.ssiduously to aill the sciences then held in estemn, priding then1selve1S patrticul.wrly on their knowledge and love for the · great clasJSical treasures of a;nci·ent Greece ancl R.onle. Montalembert, the en1inent French schola:r of the las·t eenturJ', in his justly celebrated "Monks of the vVe:st," informs us tha,t Ireland not long aft<er its eonvers·ion 'vas dotted with abbeys and academies and tha,t single monasteries conta1ined not less than three thous~and religious1, ·men or women. ~Phis marvelous state of affairs evinces the deep devotion and piety of the people, a.s well a!S their ze:a,l fo~ the spread of lea.rning. Princes entered 1nonasterie" and daughters of chieftains enrolled themselves amongst the consecrated virgin~ of Christ.

D'Uring the centuries Which ela,psed fro~m the revival of lea,rning in Europe to the Protesrtant Reforn1ation, the Con­tinent was torn by here:&ies and schisn1s as. numerous, as tho,se which rent the. Church in the da.ys of its infancy. Sca.rcely a country of any p0pulation was free frmn the pernicious. influ­ences of thes:e religious uphea;vals and dissensions except Ire­land. The faith delivered as a s.a!cred trust to the Irish by Patrick had been re,tained without the slightest adnl'ixture of error. Ireland had never wavered in her fide1ity to the Bishops of Rmne, and whe1n the terrible hurricane of religi,ous revo·lu­tion broke in tJ1e 16th century a1nd s.wept (Wer Europe din1-n1ing1 the lus,tre of faith in n1.an~ plaee!S an the continent, if not extin.gtuishing iti, Elrin s11v1Jl'e ·with s<Oilita:ry brillian.ee a1s' r e­·ligion'SI untar~nisihed srt:ar ini the :Stau:ct'ualry of the impe,risihahle . Church. Is not this fact; tih~t of an the naition.s orf En rope, Ireland i.s the only eoun:t.ry that n ever p e:nnitted heresy or schismJ to cT'o:s.s: h er t1hrte1shold srtrongi evidence tha,t providence: had a; special mis1siorn: for the Irjslh.?

Tha,t sa:crifice with which Ghristia.nity commenced in the bloody hnn1olation of Oalva,ry has ehail"acterized every great Catholic nation. Sacrifice is of the Christian concep·tio·n of

...

T'IIE 'VIATORIAN

religion., and humiliation and suffering· have .ma·rked t"he cours~e of these nations. Irela:nd has horne out her 1nis.sion ·of the speci~~ly elected Christian nation. "She received her bap­tism ot w~t,~ter from /' Patrick, her bapUsn1 · of blood · fro1n the Danes, , a.uq. her baptism of fire frmn the E:ng~lish." T'lte warter of baptisn1 regenerated her in Christ; blood consecrated her to a ca;reer of m:artyrdom a.nd: suffering for his s:a.ke:, and fire tried her and purified' her foT the gre1a1t m·is1sion H:e had res'e'rv­ed for her, Des•pite t.he wa.rfa.re of three hundred yea,rs. with the Danes U,u.ring which m•vna.ste,ries a.nd s~chools were h~veled to: the gro·u:qd, monks a_,nd scholars offered· up· as holocausts to the fu-riouS~ savage'ry of the· N ol'lsemen and the country con­verted into -~ d.esolate wildern€1SS1, not one il1Jstance of n.ortable defe·ctio.n f:r·om: the · Patric:ine fruith is olll reeo['ld. These were, indeed, eent11ries ·of s.evere t:ria:l a.r1d: yet ce:nturies1 of Christia1n _glory for Ire1land. She

'''\~Vhos~e blood, like sacrificing Abel's. cries Even fron1 the tongueless· caverns o;f t.he earth * * * :* ·for justice and rough · chwstis~en1ent.,''

on the rut]lless invaders-. who destroyed her peace:, desolated her fair bea,uty and butcher:ed her children, ne:ve·r 'va~ered in her cons.tad1cy and devot.ion to the sa,cred· representative of God on erurth.

Dreadful as the Danish wars were, · and deplorable as the condition of Ireland was in' conseque:nee of them, they were only a prrelude to the terrible storm which was ho;yering over her. From tihe reign · of H·enry VIII a.lmost down to the

. NineteentQ. ce1ntury an the poweoo of human maJignity and bigotry have been in · ope~ation end·ea;voring to crush out al1 tha.t was fair and bea,utiful in Irela.nd. The pers·ecution of the Irish for their Catholic faith under E:liza:beth iSI . one vf the ma,ny black spots on the chal'act.e;r of this fiendish queen. The devilish ingellluity with which the horrihle mandates of this merciless woman were carried out is1 appalling. The cold­blooded and heartJ:ess -s~~st.em of extermination pursued. by her was a,s cruel and as ruthless. as thos1e of Nero and D0nl­itian. Eidmund Spencer, the poet, con1missi·oned by E:l iza beth to repo:rt upon the results of her ·policy, in reg.ail·d· to the Irish writes:

, HEr~ one year a.nd 81 half had passed' they were brought to such wretchedness as would move even a heart of st0ne. Out

. I . ( "• ' ~.I~ ·\

220 THE ~ VI:A:TO'RIA:N.

o.f every· oorner- of th'e · w·biods · a.nd g·lei:ts : they came ere.eping forth · ·on their hands, ·for tl:teir "legs· could · not- bea1:.: · the·ru · thev

' ' .., .l·Ooked · like ·skeletonS; the:f' ·spoke-.: like ghosts, . cryiil.g ' 0Ut of their ' ·graves." · This1 is: t~e ·work' of on.:e who~m ·so1n~e · Christ.ia,ns caill "Gdofd Queen : B~s~1P' :How \V:oo~d,s t<Ysie their s.ignifi.c:alnce ·when· distorted, · and :perverted from ·their· :no1'mal · sens!e !

T1he StuaJrt.s ; were little ·bette;r · thairr · th'e Ttid'\)l:'s.. · J .ames. ·I ·ca.rried 'into ~rfect th~ c'olonization o.f 'larg;e ·stretches ·of terri­'tory by E!nglish. ·and Sc:ot.ch a:dve:ntnrers cotrin1eneed, by Eliza­betp_ ·after she had robbed the Iris!h p~rinc'es and chiefs,· of their pat:rhnonies.: ' The ·Iritsh ·had been· deprived . of au · 'civil, . politi­-cal and r'e.ligio,us rights by the · Tud·o,rsi and: priesrt.~hu.nting· had become· a1 fatvorite· pa.rg,tim·e ivith the ·0p:rkess6'r'Sr df Ireiand. ·

vVho' I ~~n reca;ll the dreadf\11 SIC.eine:s oi carnage ;aind ra,pine which ·at.t,enden .; 'tlle! . Clron:UrWclHaln inrva1sidn. . . The . inhuman monster butchered whole cities:, like Dr;vg'hed~t an:d vVexford. The des,cription ifr Burke?s or,atiou on the , Naho·b of · Arcot's Debts of. the destTuction wrou~ht by Hyder Alia,nd his saiVa,ge horde in theh~ .d:esce1Ut1J. upon: ,the -Oarnlatic ,inJ 1780 will give .a vivid picture of the terrors of this invasion and vne might easily conceive it as written to,:des!c:ribe Orom.weiPs' visit. '(Then ensued . a, . Slcen'e of. WOe}· the like of "rhfch n:q: eye had seen, no hea,rt c6nced~ved' andi ·which no tongu·e Cia:n: ade'quately tell. All the horrors of wa.r bef•J·re known or hea.rd of were ' mercy" to that new · havoc.- , A storm of universal fire blasted evm·y field, consumed every homs,e, · desrtroyeid eve1ry· temple'. The ·1niserable inhabit~tnts, flying from th-eir flan1ing· ; villa,ges, in part were · slaughter·ed; dtners, ·'without rega.rd to sex, to ag'€, to ·respect' of rank , or s~a.credil;ess, ·of functh)n ; · fathers; · torn. from chifdren, husbmd..ds' from wives, e:nveloped in a1 whirhvind ·of caiVallry; :and, amidJ tlie g,daidiing ' ;spears of driver1S1 and the tra,mpling O.f hc)il~ses, 'Were '·s"rept· into · cap,tivity ' in an unknown .arid hostile ' la.nd. · Thoge ·who· were able to evade· this. ·tempe1s.t fled to the ' 'waU'ed cities, but; · escra,pin;g fl\')m -:fire, sword· and ·exile, they fell into the ja(ws of' famin€." 'Thi!s' pa:s.ffa,g-e does not p·resent an overd~aiwn p-icture of the condition of Irela.nd at' this time; tiut · o.n~e that · isr literaNy" t,rue'. Neatrly half the population was :destroyed·; many thousrand:s ' we~e so.ld into cap'tivity; ' thous,and:s esc:afJ!ed by ·emigl."ruting; ,i).erse.cuti0n of the e1ergJ1 wa1s renew'ed! with redoubled: vigor; aH tib.-e pl''OP'­ert.y ·of·' the Irish wa;s ·cun.fts·ea,ted arid the har,ren; ·:bleak prorv­ince of Connought was a;sisig11ed-thenn tl.is .a residence.

. I

~:·;:'· 1.,

. , ; '

·,'

,.,.,

I.

I.

TEIEl ' V I AT'OR1IAN 221

. · ·After ·. the restoration · of :the· Stuair't dynasty ·pet"is-ecutiiOri continued -w-ith a' slight· 'intermis'sioil :during.' the short reign of JaJnes I I. William: III· pursued 'the he~rrtletS'SI policy inau­gura;ted by· the ;· Tudo1~s; He · violated mos,t ' shamefully · the siolemn ·'treaty- •SigJh:edi ufpon ·the SUi'Tendter ·Olf ' -Ltin'leirick, by the terms· of which he proTitisted liberty of' consrci:ence. · !Prie:s,ts were ·hunted diown· like \vild · a;nima~ls; ·a:nd a third · great con~

· :tis-cation ' -of landr ·and · ~:Olol}iza.tion '\vas inflicted upbn 'the un­fortun'arte inhabitants~ · ·D·ut;ch · and -German ~ Pr·oif.etstantsi be­ing int~rodueed into · the· is:lamd.- ·as 'proprieto1rs o·f the ·stolen la,iid. Tile· pe·iial la:w:s · we're enfd,l'c:ed with unahated ' 'vigdr bj', the·" House ' of' Brunswick until, fearing ru SUCC€1SIS:fu1 upris.ing in Iveland· ' ducrjmrg · the Arri,eri e:wn . · · rerv01l utioili; : th:e~ wer·e . s:oontewhalt ; ,. -r1etkrocedl · torw.rur!ds , ttJi:ef' · clo1s,e:· ·of the eightee·n:th century. The· ·catholic E'Inan;cip.a.tio·n Bill; · advo­cated I • .so· powerfully · by O''Connell -,and P·a.Sts'ed hi 1829, did

. aw.ay with ifuany "of the ii:i,fiubl.al:tl restrictions upo:ti the Iris:h Oarthoaies. · Eidm1undJ Bu,rk·e ·ehairact:erizesl the penaJ · ia.v;r;s. of Ireland ·a.s ·"a ·nrachin:~e of wis€l ·and · el.ahoraite : contrivance, a.nd as · well fitted for the ·oppresision, imJiovetishilient ··a,:rid deg1i"ada: tion of a· preople' aJild the deba.s,errierit- in -them: of human nature its-elf, as ever proceeded -from the ·perverted ingenhity .of 1nen.'' These infa.n'lous . fatrc.els of law cairried in their t\rake ' numerous f.a.min.e.s which tsrwept the pe~oph~\)ff in tnultitudes · when apos-­tasy 'inea,nt hea:ltb: and ph~~nt.y. The Irish a.re' ta:tinted with ig;nora:nce 'when educart.iori wa.~ prohibited ' u·rider th-e serve.i"e,s.t penalties. a::nd the .siUspicio:ri' of . lea:l;'ll!ing was. a . erime; with improvidence and indolence when the land: of their' fathers wa;s stolen and: given' orve!l,. to · adventure1r:s.- a.nd the nait.ives left to die · of starvation; ·with pillarginig when tihey· were de.· priyed b(Y vio.Je.nc:e of their most SJa.cred rigihts: and. nf pr0pe:r~ty which 'vats theirS! · by-a1H ·law exeeprtJ Elniglis'h·, witil'violelllce· when the whole eountr~ watSI · throrwn\ 'intor trurm:oril· ·and chaos· by o;p~ preSHiOil! atnd ' huteh'ery~ Theste ' a.re addit.iorna1 ' results of the penal code, which is the d:alfkest sta~n in 'the pa:ges of histbtry. We can sum up :Irish hi:srtvry in· a few ·wo-rdS!. · It fs. a m.etan~ choly chroniele of ·murder and' ·rapine, of-tr•avesrtied justice, -of foulest oppresis.ron · atnldJ ()If · i:p.t,Oilerant ' ·bi.gortry. H'eir ·govei·n­Inent is the ·repitoni·e o1f rull · tharb · is.· halttefutl; maligna,nt 'allld despicahle ·· in· sta:~t;esmarnship. · Yertl ·· despite syste:m . .a:tized ~ inj us:­tice a.nd intolerance, th:e di·vine ·light of Clhrist~iaiDJ falith 'btrttns ·a.,s ardently.and: als briglhtly .as w;he:tr the( holy PatJI'"ick enkindled

222 . THE VIATORIAN

the flam.e and s:et it up as a1 glowing tvrcih to the nations. TlruJ.y calllJ w'e with her own poelij, Aubrey D1eV ere, saw- : "A cros.s rund not a wrea~th, w.aJs pla/c:e~d' on thy br0.w."

We ma;y well asik what eorunt.ry has withstood her over· whelming burden of oppression and preserved its1 faith in all its pristine purityJ a!ndJ beatuty? Germany. and/ the Scal!1dina­vian eoruntries laps1ed· and fell in the Lutheran revolution; E\nglmnd and' vV.aJes weakly gaiVe up tbe faith in compliance with the cvm1nand of a sha,meles:s and brutal king and his debauched and tyra;hJnica'l daughter; France abandoned aU religion in the: terrible carta.elys.m of 1789 ; Italy, S.pa.in and Portugal have suffered, amd suffer keenly toda.y, from· anti .. elericalism and rank infidelity; Scotland! vacillated and fell iDJ Oalvinj:stm .rundJ KmJIX1smi; R:ussiaJ andJ Gree1ce haid· long sinee rejected the suprem.a.~cy 01f the Rotna.n Pontiff and established a: jurisdiction independent of Rome. One: eountry, however, . held her:slel'f alloof fr·omJ tlhe prevariling heres1e'S: and schisms~, the la:nd of P.artirick. When the R.ef<wmartiolli pa.ssed oveT Eu­rope wjth its death-dealing blows to the established' creed,. whence a.ga:ill! cHane the missionaries and' s·choolmen to heal the wounds of E:urope? ~fany, very many caJne fron1! E:rin,. expatriated on aceorunt vf the penal larws and forced to s1eek the educatiorn, abroad which would equip them for the voca­tion Godi hadJ given th'em1. These holy missionaries:, trained in the s.en1dnarries1 tha~t· still taJUght the faith in ·· GeTirtany, France, Spain a.ndJ Italy worked, zealous·ly to st.e1n the tide. of irreligion a,nd. infidelity which foll.:>wed in. the tra,in of the Reformation.

· Horwever one of the most striking and convincing proofs of t.be vocation of the Irish ra:ce· is to be found in the work vf the 1rish priesrts and missionaries in the new continents, America and Aus~tralia and in the lands of the infidel, orf the­benighted pagan of Asiru a·nd Africa. It. is here th.a,t we may· see the woll"king: of divine . providence in the conquest of Ire­land by Elng,land. To borro'w once n1ore frmn the rich phil- . osophy of E!dmund: Burke: . "Some s,tates~ at the very mom.ent when they seem plunged in ti'nfathomahle abysses: of dis:gra:ee· a,nd disaister ha1ve suddenly emer~ed, they have begun a.nd opened .a . new reckoni~g, · and e:ve.n in the depths1 of their · cwla:mity, and! orii tJ;le very ruins· of their country, have laid the foundations of a to~weririg a;nd du:raihle greatness'." O.f nv country can this be sa:id ,with more truth or with moTe justice-

T'HE VIATORIAN : 223

than · of Ir,eland. · Whem the spleudor·s of · Ta.ra?s hillK and- the gloTies O·f Br:La~ni B'oruJ h:aidl dis;arp~pealr:eJd! in the twilight of Irish history._ the Irish ''opened · a new reckoning." On · tbe very . ruins of the ·material graud eur of their· nation, · they "'laid: the · foundations- of a: towering and d urahle greatne-ss·," the · grelfrrt.ne1s.s of ·the missionary- naHoni par -excellence which should eneirde t.he ·gloibe· in quest of sr0uls: to ' be ' c0nquered Uin~a Ohris1t; n61t that they di~di not fulfill the mis:sio·n of a. :sa1cred a.nd specially elec-ted' people in tihe days. of their tmn­pt(}ra:l glory, but that they · conrs·ecrat.ed. thean.selves; exc1usively to the n1agnificent work ·of salva.tioll! in the. days of declining temporal glory.

Ireland must needs· suffer -to refine and purify herself .for her great caning, .and E.nglish tyra.nny .and injustie~ S€!€'111S to be the inst.rume!nt of affi.ictiorn. Pe1rse:cution: has be1en the purifying agent which has; hrea,thed. · a1 fuller Christian life n1oulding the Irish people in moral beauty and power. God's judgment searclies out and· rends. asui1der ther s~t.rongest things, whose .strength Hr not divine; but those thing~s. which rely on the divine ·re:ceive a doubled power. HilS blessing is ·not im,. pa.rt~e-d to- the proud and ambitious., but to the llleek and suf· fering: · The · suffering unde~rgone by ' the Irish l~ace: and the pers'ecution e:ndured have bee:n · ·s:ou.rces of' its true. greatness; ;for· pe:rs.ecution haiS been .a po~we1rful and' effica,cious incentive for expan:s:tonJ :slo neee1ssary for , .al' ra·~c'el destd.ned t.o 'c:axry the cross .a.roun:d! the world. - More .s;t.riking is. the finger of G~od s~een when we realize thaJt for centuries Britain ha~s· been the predo·mina.nt m-ilitary and eomnt.ercial na~t.ion of the globe. A.s Rome , extended her' swa~ over ' · the wodd' at the ·birth · of Christianity; so E.nglandi ''~a.sr destined to1 be ·foremos-t in Siert­tling the nerw hea.nisphe:re and the mighty isla,nd of the _ Pacific and: of penetrat.ing into the · dark ·aJnd' gloomy. recesses. of Africa. / 'The material has a:~lwa.yS' gone hand· in h.a.nd wit.h the spirituaJ. · As R.ome ty:pifield t:he world · at the oomrnenc~~m,ent of the Ohri.srtian era ·and! J e:rusalmn, the city 01f 'God;· so now E1ngland embodies the mat.eria1l · and Ireland the s,pirituaL Wherever the Br-itish soldier; SiWO~d in hand~ ' ha~s earried or is · carrying the-· civiliz9Jtion of the ·world, t;fi,e Irish so:ld,ier, th-e · cros.s on · his · breaisrt, haJs brought ·otr is1 bringring the pJUire civilization o·f the Savidr. As the British flag· fiies1 f.r!O·m the mountain t~ops of every quar·te.r of the 'glob-e, likewise I .as a cous!equence' the emble•ni of Ohristian rede:mpt;ion, the cross; ·of

/

224

Ghrist, is. p~H)nt.~<;l .~ . a ,si,g,TIJ o.f the uniOJn .Qf e~,rth ~nd h~-y_en. T'he , Irisl;l coHBg~s in : , S.pa~n, . Be~gium, ; Ff~n~~ ~ud, ,Italy

are ~ending .t.h,eir sons forth throu!gh the na.tions to do. the ·mis,siQ·nary work, s·o ehara,c:teristic of the .raee. The colleges in ·Erill,i luu:ve been . and aire sending their alumni to .. pread.1 .. the gospel . in .AmerieUJ . a:nd AusrtraUa1. and into .the pa.gan ;r~gi,ons of the far Ea,st. . Her sons .compose the. p.ierarchies: . of A,m·e~~c~ and AUJsi:Jr;;Llia, H·er: · prier$rts . ,a;re fptllowing the cm;nmand . o.f their model "h)ve yorur enemi~," . aud wonderful t,o, relat~, . ~,re

:doing . the WO!:(k, of . Chdst in the ver:y heart 'of wor Idly ·' Eng- ' land.

Ireland represents the spiritual life, the. civUiza,tion of the Crucified R:edeemer; .Einglamd iJS. a: fair type orf materialism, the civilization of the world. . ·As the spiritual . fa,r excels , the material, it must event:ually triUJillph.; Thijlt .is . why the En.g­lish who settle in Ireland arr~e asisimila,W and .ultimately, are s"rallowed up, in great nu.mbers. l;>y th~ . lrish ra,ce, arid become as the f~miliar phrase hrus it ''more . Irish .than the Irish ;" whereas th·e · Irish who se~ a ho1ne in E1ng.land retain their habits and raci.atl chara:ete;ri1sties aind fvrm a distinct and p:eeu­lia.r cla,ss in the great Etnglish nation.. The highe'r and! _nobler civilizartion will inevitably predom.inate; for gui·ded by . the eternal rules of truth a,nid morality, a people po,ss~essing this higher , life is reso~lved: to~ . risk its1 very existence to mainta,in the just and holy o'bj.ects to which it. is consecralted . . It has a.n infinite advantage · _ove.r a ·peop1e whieh is disposed to yield when interest an,d ·prei:?;ent success dictate such a . course. . The E:nglish nationis chained to Time and its ambition is placed in the suceess of 'earthly projects; the Irish nation hope's ·in -Eternity, and will suffer any temporal losrs ra,ther than sa:cri­fice the pearl of?. i;rnmense price, the happines;s of eternal life. · When the hirelings of Eingland's. power drove forth from their _P,umhle cabins rund l'Owly hurts the widow a.nd the orphan, the aged and enfeebled, and dep·rived: them. of their earthly, pos:ses­s.ions, they wel'le unable to wrest from them their most preci­ous passe:ssion; the fai_th of their fathers. A SIJS.tem whioh has had m.ight to susta'i11 it and time to es,talbUsh it eert3JinJy has no right to be. ·pretentious w'hen it failis dismally in its pur­pose. . W·ith. D1r-:. .Blrorwn:so[lJ we cam . say . that "tilie severest comment on' Anglo-N orm:an civi~izatioTh is: . simply to name the Irish people,'' . which hrus suceeSISifully defied the sys~em· of England, concerived in tyranny and: brutality, .sustained: by

~ I :

.. .

''

{ ' ,(

1 ;

I '

,l'

~ : t I

the PO!W\<tr of . B.rit.ain, f·0r .centuries, the~;reb& · ! P•rovi:ag ·t:(}l '·t lte worl;d, t)}.~.:inferiority - of. the ' civilizattiO!Il: ' of· ~tihe : w;orld amd · .. the superiority. of ru eivilizartion which\ has; ; foreed it to· y~ieJft. : Ir:e­land .s·till . ,pos.sesS~es her splendid heritage· of·:faiith..· in: the vecy midst Qf tP,e : ma~gnifieence and ·evHSJ ,of· modern ,eivilizat.hJn 'and Anglo~-Sa~0;n ~ ;sup~ema1cy. · S:he -ha:si .reta;ined a -purity -b.f man­.net'S, .which·.:~o :eolnqu~:r.o~ ea,n .. derprive ·her o.f(; which no: orthe;r force can equal or.Jes:sen. ,, , .. : · · '· ~ - · · · · '

Before con:ehidin~f Jert me rep:eat ·t.ha.t · Irel:a;iia's grea,test and ·only glory fo,r the lasrt nine olr · ten ceilt.urie,s 'h.a,st · b~e1t her phen01nena:l atdherence to ·the Oatholic· faith ~nd her untiring zea:I · in. carrying its· holy ·doctrines to th'e na.tions.' ~!oral hero­isn1 is the only ·ela.im ·the Irisih · histo;rian n1ay advance ' for his people~ ·Blurt itJ i's t.he · g11':andtest clatim tha,t a: Il:art;i on 1p.ay put forth. l\1ilitary rerr6wn and e0m·m,e:r'cial pros;p,erity ai're soon forg0rti:en allld lost in the misrt,s of time. ThEW lead ~ orily · to in-evitable d~'cay an(l. dis-soluti9n .. T1te moral · he;roisn1 of a; ratce lead:si up~va~d ant~i o;nrw.a;r:d:.,. GOid1 reptUes to a: nnt~on?s - . C'Oillisrtatncy a•nd devotion 'vith a g1rande[' pron11ise of g1reater thing;s1 than theJ fleeting riches otf earth; He promis1es: her the trea•surest o.f eter­nity, the iinperishable glories of the heavenly court and the i ne.ffa 'Ql~ joy . o1f th.e· Beatific _ ·visiom. -rrer ·n.aine . and h€n~ . ile:eds nuiy not he ims:cribed. at great length in thet pages• o.f profane hi,story; . but th(ty ~are 'Yr.i~ten jn c:haractersi of rjeh.est .go!ld in

· the gre:a.t Book of the Recording Angel. · Although nort receiv­iilg its proper recognitiorn in the arnna,ls, of historians _ or .,per~ haps es.c.aping the,ir ·serutiny, the in.tluence -of' Ir'ela,nd· upon the world ca,nnot be Ineasur'ed by men; for it is beyond . hunl!an ea.lcula.tion. · Georg'e Elliot expres.ses this thought ·very ".appr;J­pria.tely in a.n observation in "l\1jddlema:.rch :" · · "Fo•r the grow­ing good ef the vvorld · Is prrrtly dependent on un:hi:s.toric·, a:ct:s; and that things a,re not so ill · with you and' m;e as they mjg.ht have been, i~ half owing t0 the nun1ber who 'lived: faithfully a hidden life and res.t in unvisited tombs." ·

. . I . . . '

· C:onipal"·e Ireland's history with that of. tile. oili·er ·lltations and obs:e,rve ho1w resplend.:entl~ 'her divi~ne . _·m.iss.ion · isJ1~nes~ forth. ·"whom the Lord loveth, He · cha!~ti,seth.''· . God has tried His people in fire and 'blood and' ~~~y ha~e conie out of t.he ordeal purified and ~trei~gt-he~ed for· _His' work. . May _the Irish people ~n the era, of teri1por(i1 peace and p-rosp~::dty w4ich seem.s to ·be ' daw:Qing upon them be mindfu'I ' of their glorio;us n1iss'iori 'aoo not obseU:re its unsullied brilliance by a,cts i.ncon-

226

sistent with and . unw\}rthy of such an illustrious past. Let not the Irish boa1st of the g'lories of by-gone yea1rs and bask in

. the splendor of their moral heroes'; lQt them· not rely entirely on their n1agnificent lineage, and' dwell in the n1onaste,ries. a;nd aeademie1s of ancient E'rin or in the. s:hadow·.of the great medie'­va,l abbeys. But let then1 show the 'vvrld! that they are "\vorthy of the nohle pr·oce,ssion of 1sain:ts 3Jnd s.eho,lars, 1nonks and heroes 'vho have c-oursed· through tihe ages to the undying glory of their race. Let them live in accord with . their in,is,sion by co,ntinuing the w•ork their raee has done in the past, thereby sheddi'ng add'itiona1l lustre on the Irish name.

I cai1 find: no woTd.s more appropriate, n1ore. fitting to conclude this artiele thalnJ thos~e .wlh:~ch . introdueed it. T'he words of th~,t quota1tion are: .pregnant with · ni.ea,ning· when a:pp.Jied to ·the IriSJh 1nis:sion 3Jnd: I tru.s.t their s-ignificance has been 1nade clea1rer:

"Child of protecting· Ron1e, wert thou lirot heir'? Stan1p I1Dt. thy records' lineal o~rigin?'' . · ·'

StPp/un Edward Mc~1ahon.

CHA.RLES . J. KICK HAM

·HE literature of tthe nineteenth century w.a1s ushered .. ·• . in with 1nuch intellectu:a:l a1ctivity and was nntatbly

· fe:rtile :f.o,r· its spirit of ~e1search, freed·om a.nd a certalin '==~====· '.;;;::!!~ eagerness to unravel all 1nyste,ries or -la1y .aside what h u1nan reaison . eould' not readily el ueidarte. 'rhe artificial re­s-traint of the preeeding• century was ignored and: "poetry soug'ht inspiration in the freedon1 _ of na,t11re." T:he Lyrical Ba.llad.s of '\¥ ortdSJworth and Ooleridge were the firs,.~ t~o inau­gurate this inovettll·ent and were' quickly foUowed by Byron, Shelley, 'Keat1s, :Moore and Oamipbell. E'Ve:ry lo:ver o,f litera­-ture ha,s 'been cha;r1ned by the delightful lyrics of Shelley and Ke.arts; while the gra~e a.nd:. natural beauty of vVordsworth have beeome fa1Jnous thr,oug'horut many lands. . Yet there lived at tl.lis pericd one "~ho1s!e n1u~e soall'ed the heights' of Parna~sus,

.,

\

" . l'ci'

:_i~;,,:.

~HE; · VIA TORIAN 227

-and whosre genius reveled in the beaiUties -of na~ture'.s charn1s. as nl:tlinifels,ted ill! · her Inountains., vaHeys, · lakeS' and rive:rsr· with such delight; tha1t :his pictures of th'e livesr; custon1s and man­ners of a; people are s.o true t,o, nature thalt they catU never fade into the dim-h :lze of n1e1nory; st1H his works aTe· practically unkno\vn outside the~ land! of hi.s1 birth, · though they deserve a pla,ee in every libraLryr vvthere an Irislh exile haiSi '. fvrund . a home, 1 refe!r to the w:oirksl of Oharles J. Kickham, author -of Knock­nagow or the homes . of Tipperary; for no Irish writer has eve:r · more faithfully portrayed the custo1ns, Inanne:r'SI, joys and sorrows of a\ .peopl'e tha[I]J t!4is' genitall poret w'hol liVield 'neath tlhe shadow of Slievenan1on bes1i.de the ·· bainks of · the ·s.parrlding Anner river.

Charles J. Kickhar1n was. b0rn in the little villa~g:e ·of ~1ul-1inahone, County T!epp,erary on . Maiy . 9th, .182.8): ·of a; fan1ily that ranked high aJnong . .the 1nost respected . pe:o'P'le in the South of Ire1land, his mother being a1 nearr rel~ative- <of the illus­trious Phenian 1Pader, .Tohn O'Mahonv; The early life of Charles w·ais Iilre that. of m·os;t boys ··vf ·n]s age, uneventful; ye:t he n1anife,s:ted very ea~rly in life :a d eciclerd a:pti.tude foir the poet's calling, though his pa:rent~s· iritende:cl hin1 ·for the nl·eidi­cal profession, as: we can easily g·Ie·a.n fr6tn the' erHsode in coni­posing the poein "My Old Dhudee·n.~, ,· · One da~ in: school the IU.arster ca.lled up his · c'la!SIS fO·r ·an e~ercis€\ in adthntetie . . · 'V\The·n . the s~late~s " r-ete' exa.1uihed no ans\Yer 'vas fvund :i'n Kickha[m's but· ins~te:a:d the ma1st~er found his' first. 'J)!?re-~.Xca] · w:ork "'My Old Dhurdee:n." Another incident occurred · at this· thue '\vhich grea.t1ly frust•rart:ed the design~ of · hirs 'pra1rents.. On'e1 e'\rening ·while holding'' a potvd;e'r flalsk beforre the firel either foil'' drying o'r experim.-enting, purpos~es 1t .snddenl3r ·expfode:d with the · re­sult that :his· sight and ' hemring were perni:arn~:n!tly i.ii:ipaired during the rest ·of his eventful life: · · _ · .

At the age of eight€ern his .lit.era.ry care~er beg;arn by . the publication of n1any stirring ':i)oems, on . "Irish . Liberty." Kick­halln 'vas an a:rdent, partriot a~nd fo1llowed~ with keen inte~rest the efforts of 0"0onnell to win ba,ck Ire1land:'·s birthright. But when the Liberartorr dreela1red "that a nation':s liberty was. not wort:h the shedding of a drop· of blood," the: poet grew sick of sueh doctrine, far he beilievedi '\vitihr th:e Young: Irelatnd pa1rty t rhat "'One n1an who dies for liberty is worth a thousand 1uen" a,nd tha,t liberrty · is the only worthy inherrit~anee of a natiorn.J'. At th1s tilne a,lso he: organiz·r.td a poEtieal club at ~1ullianhone

I '

228 · TRE1 ; VIATORJAN

which had fo,r . its object the am~lio,ration . of conditions tJhen existing in Irela,nd.·. Many of the ·mmnb;ers .of thi~ :Q.lOvem:ent ·w·ere : afterwail'ds- identified with . the Phenia1n brotherho(j)~ , in Tippera1:ry) with . ·the . resrult thalt Kiekham was: sQOI). .~usp,ected of dj1s1oyal ty . to the B'ritJis:h e:r:otwn aDJCL f01r. thist ·reaso.n had . tQI ruba:ndioiili his . qUJiertJ , villalgje hO!Illle and seek pr\)tectio[ll a!D;loillg his friends on the hillsid·e mid the gle:ns and purple hea.ther of S.lievelllamon~ , • , ·

The · dJrea1ry yea,rs that followed ·this political agitation mark~d · the . departure: of m1amy of Ireland's best . and. bTavest sons to foreign ,clin1es in search ' of the employn1ent denied them a,t hon1e by an .oppressive and despotic go·vernment. : Yet Kiekham never los~t hope of E'rin's· ultilna.te freedon1 . ever be-lieving that.: . , . . ·

Freedon1:'s bat.tle once begun · Bequearth'd from · bleOOingi .sire to· ·son Though haffied' oift is fwer· won. ·

Gr~aduaHy the sto·rin of politica,l unres,t . abated and we find Kick4am baick aga1iDJ in. his . father's honne, taking a~n. rue~ tive pa~t in. tlie . "tenant right moveni·e~nt" and cQntdbuting an occasional letter to the ."Ti,pperary . Exa.miner.'; When thjs 111i0vement , faned the' poet .lost confidence in further Par lia­menrtacy .ag;1tation, but :still .continued writing to the "Celt," a week.ly periodical published in Kilkenny, such poems as "The. Irish: _ Pea~a1Il!t1 Girl" allld tb.e fam:ous T'ipperary 'var .song "Rory of the H~iUSJ/' . , . N·v tJ;uer or purer type _o.f Irish ,Ina.idenhood · was ever more faithfully . pq.rtrayed than Kickh~'s . "Irish . Pe~sa.nt Girl.'; With 1naster ha'fld: aided. by the. fine, delica,te a:o.d na­tive . i~ma.~n;wtio'n , of . the poet i~ described this "Irish E;vunge­line," whos1e history is fou;nded . on. a.ctua[ fa.ct so tJ.·ue to life that · we cannot refrain frQin givi~l:g in . full the· history of this "lily of, the m,ountain foot , tha,~. wither~d f~r . ~.w·ay.''

.. ,•'

She. lived beside the Anner, · At· the foot of; Shevenanon, .,, · , · ,

A gentle perusant girl . · With mil:d -eyes like the down; · ·

, Her. lips, 'vere dewy rosebuds, Her teeth of pearls rare,

And a .snow drift 'neath a! beechen bough Her neck and nut-brown hair.

... '

; '

1. , \

. . ~ '

T1H1EI, ;VJ~T'O·RIAN ''

liOtw pleasant .'t:WlliSito Ir,teet her .. , On: Sunday, :jw:IJ:eiJ); ;the beU ~ . :

. \Vas filling w.ith jts; _mellow ton.es . .. . Lone wood· a1nd. gr~a~s~sy: deU, ..

· · And . ~when at eve young Inaidens : . Str'a(Yed the river ba.nlt aJ·o!lg, ..

. , The widow's brown:~ha.ired,:daughte.r, ·· ; ·vVas lo;velies:t of:the throng.

, ' . 0 braiVe, brave Irish girls, .. -.

.. · · We ·well ·ma~ call ··yo:u brarve, ~-,or . the l,eialst of an your perils ' '

• J • Is ·the Sit'Oirlny ocean · w,a;ve.~ · ·When you lea,ve y~our quiet' vallBys;

; And cross the Atlantic · foaiiil, · · T 'o hoa~1·d ·your hard! 1von earning··

For the helple1ss one!sl at ho1me.

' "vVrite wo~d to my own dea:r mother­Sa,y .we'·ll Ineet· with God a.b()Ve;

Arid tell ; Iny ·littlebrothe:rs;' · T 'send then1· .all n1y Iorve ;

And mta(Y the angels ever guard· .them Is their ·.dying siste1r',s praye:r-.· " .

And fold·ed in. the · Ie~tte~r ·Was a, braid: .of nut-hr:own hair.

/ ) ' . · .t~ I'

Ah, eold and well~nigh caHous · · This weary · h·ea~rt h:a.s grown,

For · thy hetp1ess fa.te 'dear Ire1land, ·.And for sorro~W!s of rtiy O)Vll ;, ·

·. Yet a tear roy eye will n1oisten, · When my Anner's ba1nlr I stray, ·, ·

F,or the lily of the n1ountain foot, Tha1t wjthered fa1r away.

~29

. ~ . ' . . . ~ ~ .,

Kickh.a,In . ~ontrjbuted . ma,ny . exc_~llent articles o;n Irish peasarn t life a,t this. period· -also, ,.sucb. as "L~as;e in ~.evers1ion," etc. In 1860 the contingent,, organiz~d at MuHina,hone to .aiid the Papal Brigade,. returned and: Kickl;tam wa.s chosen to ,de­liver :an a.ddrress of welcome to the~-e unselfish · pat.riot,_s~ .. gis ~peech possie~sedJ all the q~nHties of true . or~ tory, inter~rp·~f;~'~d

t."

·~ '.,'. ':;' ~-·

\

230 THEI VlATORIAN '

with s0und advise on the ·efficiency of · the use of arms. He warned them t,o g;uardJ .alg~Uiinsrt · ttlr·e 'viles b·f · thie British re­crniting sergeant, for an irish soldier fighting for England will never help:' to free Ireland. At this vejry time Kickham took the Pheniam. 01ruth from John O'M,ahony and heneefo,rth we find hhn: heart and soul in the1 n1ove'lnent for the spread of its principles, · lecturing a.nd advis~ing1 the peofple: i}n every pos·sible occa,s.ion besrides ·writing- stirring· arrtieles fo·r the press.. Thereby striving 1nanfu1ly to reg~ain for · Erin wha,t he belierved nature iTIJtenderd' her tor be: "Grea,t, glorious and free, first fl01w~elr of the enrrth and firsrt g~mn of ·the s.ea."

l\1a.ny people seen1 ·to be under the ilnpres,sion tha,t the Phenian nH)!vmnent and its teachings, e~)nta.ined so1ne radical n1ea1sures for the freedomJ of Ireoland; even a: few· have asiSie~ted that it cor:q.ta,ined anti-Catholic P'rinciples. Tb dispel this. de­lusion .I shall here give the cxa,ct wordsr of the Phenia.n Oa,th: viz- . "I (N) in the presence of Ahnighty God do solemnly H\vea1r all egiarnee to the Irish Hepublie, now virt:uaJly estab­lished, and that I will do n1y very ut.Inost, at every risk, 'while life lasts, t,-t} defend its independence and integrity; and finally t<hat I will yie:ld hnplicit obedience in all things not contra:ry to the la.ws· of God to the con1n1~ands of n;ty superior officers So<) help nw God: An1en."

Fr01n this de:ela.ra.t.ion it can be. de.a,r1y seen tha.t to he: a Phenia,h did not necessarily ilnply a. fierce rebel or ·0ue who wa.s a Inena,ce to SoOiciety- no, their motto savored n1or1e of the days o:f Clhi,vailry whos1e waltchword1 was "quo fortior eo Inetior." Indee(li their only m:nbHion ·was to' break the gyve:s. of bondage thait welded thmn to E:ng1La,nd during s1ix centuri,es of oppresstion and r'ega,in "Ireland for the Irish and the land for the people." And though the:ir best efforts were doomed to ultimate fa,ilure yet the spirit begotten of t.hat n1oVe.1ne.nt s-till lives in the m1en of toda~.

In the year 1863 Kickham Saiiled for America, to inforn1 hi.s eountryn1-en there of the hardships endu['·ed· by the tenant farrn1er.s of Ireland unde~r Landlordisn1. He w;a,s: received with unbounded enthusd,asm by the s:e:a-divjded Gael in the growing 1netrorpolis of the west, the youthful city of Chicago where he held aJ P'henia.n convention; the following year. The scattered srons of Ei-in . were thus informed ·of the- Phenian n1ovement and eagerly looked fonva~rd' t.\) the day when a.n opportunity might present itself o.f returning to their native

...

._.,_:•,

•, ";•"

THE·_ VIATORIAN 231 .

hea.rt.hs and s.triking. a : hlorw to. regaiilli their long lost liberty. Unfortunately perhaps, that opportunity never re:aHy present­ed itself; .and the ·:san'e:t;' mean's of Pa:rliamentary .agit1a;tiun atre gradruaUy dispelling the clouds of gloon1 . hanging ove~r Ire­land, so thatt t1he da,y is not fair' diisrtanrt w1hen the "bright. nO!Dffll of freedom shall s.hine o'er her yet." ·

The following yea1r Kickh.a.m returned to Irela:nd and · became ru me:rribe1r of the editoriaJ srtaff of the "Xrish People," the o:ffiJciaJ organ of trre P'henian m•\)Veine:nt. Into the very offiees of this newspa1p'err the British goiVerninent sent. a spy under the guise of a, helper who caLrried to Dublin castle aH news peil'taining to the movement. Th1s t;r!ai tor.;s nam'e was Pier·ce .N a,gle, whose treachery ·c:au,sed . the a:rrest . of Kickhan1, st,ephens., Duffey and Brophy. . They W·ere br:ought before a jury a;t Gre•enr Stre·et Courthouse, Dublin, on the 6th of J ·arnu­ary, 1866. Afte'l' a brief t;rial they were convicted for· the criln:e of "T'reason and Felon~,'' · principally · because of an article publi\shed in the Irish People in defense of s:elf-govern­nlent for ~reland. Judge Keogh who pa1ssed s;en tmrce . a1srked Kickh:alln if he had anything to say why the s:ent1eu,ee of de1a1th shoruld . not .he passed . o:n hhn:. Jfickha:m r'eplied: 'I believe, n1y l~ord,s, · I ha.ve said e!llough alr·ea:dy. I will only add I am C'\}nvict,eld! for shnpl:f doing my diu_.ty. · I h.arve endeavored to .s.e-rve Irelmn:d' alnid! now, I attn p~repa/red to ,s.u,ffer for Ir,elaind.' The judge with som-e e;xpres'Si.ollls of 'Sympa,thy in recognit.ion of the1 litera;ry attainment,s of the. poet sent,einced him · to penal servitude fo~ fourteen ye:a:rs. ·The prisoner re:eeived this- sad news through an ear-trum-pet a.nd: without uttering ai word of com.plaint retired into captivity. Owing to his1 e,xtre·me1y delicate heoalth he was relea1s:ed after three and a half yea,rs of p:risoll! life. 'The halr:d:shi ps of a1 B:ritd:Slh dunge·on (and! t1hey were varied flJnd manifolq) could nl\)t suhdue the spirit of this gifted' childl of Slong aiSl can be s:e:en f.r.oml thos,e: jn:s.pi:rin;g liin<es 'vritten during his incareerration:

l\1y dear-loved' la:nd, rous.t it. be mine No more, except in dreams·, to s1ee

Yet think no·t, friends:, th.at I repine At my sad fa:t:e if sad it be;

Think not the ca,ptiv:e weakly pines,­T'hat from his s'oul aill joy hath flown

Oh, n0! the solemn sta;rlight .shines As brightly as it ever shone.

232 THEl -'Vi:ATO·HIAN . . I .

Still the -severity· of' 'prison life ·had· done -it.s , 'Work ' only too \.veil orr ·his reifitied ·~arid · senls:itive · na~twre; and · ht:r ·return-' ed to his ' Tippe'cary ·home' b:r:oikern in· heailth, · hi.s · sight and heaJring 'almost . oomip~etelJ1 lOISrt; but· th!e Spirit amd g1€1lliil1S! of tll'e p0·et " ras ·ln;ore · a~t'ive 'tha.ll ·ever. ·H·ence- we find; his great­est literary wor.ks atppea1red after · his release such 3:.S'" "Sally Kava.riagh'~ .arid his . :rita$terpie~e . Knockn.a.gow or the Jiom·eS of T'ippera.ry .· · . '·

Kic'khairr · wa,s · unql.ietS:tionahly · · <'>ne' of ·our g•reates.t :delin­ea.t.ors of Irish· rura:l lifer an·.a_,· ehara:cte:r. ·· .. This fact ·is evi'­dent 't.() eve1'"y oiie who has' ·read Knocknwgow. In it Y·0u will find· the ·n1en a1nd' women a1s they ·reaHy live today in the south 'of· Ireland; · rneri 'and · wo1n.en· in \vhose lives! are: blend­eid the hu:tnor10UIS with the pathetic, · the s:i11Jile \Vith the tear; their ·Jault,s ·and their virtues-a:re not 'O·Verlo.oked; ·and in this re.s:p.ect he is · true to · ·nature and hws; n6rt overidr~wn the one or su ppres·sed the -other, like the· la1te ·John -Synge· ha:s done in his ·- plays: "The Tirik~s .. ·W'edding/' and: the '' "·Piaybo~ of the We·stern vVorld."

"Knockn:ag~o;·w;" ·'like . all · gr;ea.t n.:ovets, ' ,,~a.s ·written for a determ'ined p:u·fP·OlS'e : 'nam·ely-· ··t0 show ' urid·er wha,t oppres­sive ·a;nd · despotic conditions the · unfo·rtunat~e teha1nt farmers ,of Irela.nd w·ere ~oreed _to eke out a·il exisrten~¢e -l1nder th~ E1ng­lish _latndlord'ism; and tllereo·y · iJo1 seek the -a~meiicira,~tion o.f ,their ·unhappy ·lot .. · .Kickham did ri:0t -lahor in ;vain. . His ex­posur·e t()· tihe world' of the unjust sed~dom o·f al pe'rsecuted people has been' fi"'liitful of untold g'ood' · a,nd .. brighter da~s have darwne:d:- flo'r Irela.nd ~sfnce Knocknag,ow .wa.s ·written. ·.

. Kickha.m "'~a.s endowed 'witih an th.O'se beautiful traits of ·a. gifted soul; · everything enha1n.cing iri nature ?-tpp·ealed to ­-Iihn, and .he wa.s ·· ever ·bus(Y in depicting' pastora:l · scenes. The · ivild gra,rideul,; of Slievennmon . with its romta;ntic ?-rid celtic taJes ha:s he'e:n imn1o1~ta.lized :ln his ~poeni the "Valley Near Slievenamon.'' Like the Jate: editor of the -New -World, the verSattile Orhrurles · J1.- 01'-1\![a/lley, Whose d1eligihtful . muse rerveled in the parstoratl ·scenes ·of" Old K entucky -· alll.d ennobled all that is beaiUtiful illl t3J.:is .:s:outhern ·startle by hi.s - lofty-genius;, Kick­ham wa;s truly: giftedJ with -"the geniUIS o:f the poet and the ar­tist's .soul." The . spai .. kling a,nd·-crys.tml wa,ters: of the R.iver Anne:r ha.ve' been· made ' sErcred' by the meniory of that beauti­ful poellll "She· lives besride~.the A:nner." ··

But while singing•· the'- pDaisest of the mountains and

~ ', -

THE~ VIAT'OJ1I.AN . 233

rivers .of E;rin tlhe piOtet ·ha,s not .forg1c:)itten her valleys,_. In his poem;.' · ~'Patri~k · · SheellJan," we· ··get . a ~ g'limps1e': of ·his · pictures of the valleys ·and glens of Ireland, especially the Glen of Aherlow . when Patrick Sheehan lived beiore· en1ist}ng in the English a:rmy. ·, · Here he gives . us an. _idea of the -attachment of. ·a 'tru·e : "Cie1t'-' :tOI his n:attive:v:a[l,ey w 1ith! ·ruH it:st~s'cenic cha:riiD:s. "P~trick Sheehan," after enlisting~· .in· the airn:iy, s:uff.ered· m ucb. 'in foreign clirnes till he, finally h)st hi,s:·· .sight. In this sad eondition:, ~when everyoue ;seletms: t:01 have ·f.o1rsaken him, the sol­diers exclaim :

"And when I · found that I wa'S' blind my t,eall's began to flow For I longed for even a1 pauper'.s: grave in the Glen ·of

Aherlow.''

0\, Kickhan1 i,s perhaps rutAiii~ b~s.t, ~Ill ·:his, p;a~triot;ic poean~s: whose every line bre!athe the ·.§:Pirit, <?,f):trier~y and' make the heal:'t throb with action. ',r1P,is . is especially '· noticeable in O:alrralig-

J( ,'

lVIbcleaira;, his patriotic riila;ste.rpieee. ·· · T:a give even a brief sunima,ry of the ent.ir'e literary works

of Cha,rles Kickha:m would extend this article fair beyond its intended lhnits. I must consequently dra·w to a ch)s.e with the earnest hope thaJt the few line:s here penned will f[l,milimr­ize som,e of his eou:t;Ltry-mei;l . il.l Am·erica with the name of this

I T l ' ! . • ~ , · ' • .;.. • ( · ·

alm·os~t fbrgotten, beeau,s.e unknown., p,o1et. 'Hi:s vvorks speak for themselves, for n0 Iri~sh-Am1erican ev·er read Knockna;gow vvith·o1ut feeling aJ . desril'fe tlo · f.ea;st his · eyes at ·least once ih life on· · .. thotse ·. b1lcL' · :s1eeri:es around ' Slieweni~Fmrorn whose hills: ·a)nd dalels., streailns; rivers :am:d .ripp:l:Ung brooks are ' fuH · of sacr1ed memories· of · ·a; ' truly great ra;ee~ · A.nd, thoug~h Kickham: is k:tlo\vn to·· fa:ine chiefly as · th'e a~uthor· lof · "Knocknago·w'," a tnd this is :r:wti the 'leaiSrt · of · his claims to grateful · r'eil1'e:nlbrrainee; yet -· 'beyond· a.ttd · albove aU ·his · other characteristios~ there · stands ~one· ·:rnore · conspicuous than the ·· rest, hi1s unselfish de­votion to · :rrela:nd~ He saillg] ·otf her 'freedom, ·her joys: and~ her sdirrow,s amd' thtm.gh ·he did n:ot live to see' :her ch.ain;s of .bond­a;ge brbiken, · yet the work 'he ·achieved · for the a!tt:ainment · o,f thils ·end '· w?iH · not be ~forgiottel'r · "when .. Erin takes her pl·ace a:inon:g · the "'ria,tions of the -ealrth." .

· · · Kicklia.m ·died in 1882, wihile .still in the prime of ma-n­hood. The hardships of pris:on life had d0~ne · only toO' \vell · their grim w(n•k Din his; refined and· delicate nature and Ire­Ta:nd lras -suffe:red . by his dea,th. ' ' He W.aiS laid -tb rest iri the·

234 T.HE VIATORIAN

little church-yard at Nlullenahone, "beside the Anne.r at the foot of Slievenamon," the river and mountain he sang' so sweetly of. · . .

A Ina,gnifieient life-sjze statue of the pl()et wa1s erected in Tipperairy town a few yeaDs a.go to perpetuate the. lll€CJ.UOry of this gifted son in his na-tive cbunty of "Galla1nt Tippera,ry" with the following inscription.: "Charles: J. Kickham, ·poet Novelist, and :M.is:cellaneorus writer, but ahove all, a Pat:ri·0t." .

Thomas O'Brien. ---~:~---

D·EtATH OF F 'A·TH:Ern. OOT'EL

.St. Viato·r co:llege by the deiaibh of Rev. J. Cote, which OC'CUiri"ed lVJaJrch 1 a,tl the hosrpritaJ of st:. Joseph, Levis;,, Que-. bee, Ga.nadal, los:t a1 lifelong friend and! be:nefa,etor. Father Oote, who wa1s appointed pastor of Bourbonnais in the au­tumn of 1864, seeing1 the needi of a1 Cruth0lie school foil" boys in this locality, requested V. R.ev. F 'atheT Ohampa.gneur, Pro­vincial of the CQeries: orf St. Via1tor in Canada~ to send smne of his eotnmunity here to . establish a Sichool, and generously of­fered to res.ign his pa.ri&:h to a priest ·0f that communitJT. On Sept. t>, 1865 Father Cbte, with the authorizartion of the Bishorp of Chicagot, in:s:taHed as his' successor in Matern~ty Church Very Rev. Pet:er Be:audo-in, G. S. V., who with Broth­ers Berna.rd and Ma.rtel had been s:ent to found a; s:chool in Bourbo1nnajs1. Three years later this1 school developed . into St. Viato~ College . .

Father · Bearudoin cannot sufficiently express: his· .est.ee1n for F~ather Cb,te~ "I ha;ve lost a great friend/' said' he when

··'

-·

I- ; ·• ,l

-~

"'""'"

' r . ·' I . . , -

236 THEI VIAT'OR,IAN . ' . . speaking of hi's dea1th, "I knew him1 for years a,nd ~ cannot' sa~ how much I thou~;ht of him. · He was wlways: the gen­tle., noble, S1~lf-s1a.crificin~ pries•t. T'hough he had been here 'only nine months when I a,,rrivedl ti)l ta,ke his: parish, he: was beloved by everyone, and all were grieved to los.e him. ·He wa,s always. a friend: of our communit;y, and. wh.e:n any of the priest.s or bTothers went to Chicago, his home was their hotel. St. Viator College owes n1uch to Father Cote, for it was at his sugges.tiorn thatJ the Oleries of St. Viator came to the United States, andi throrug~h hi1Sl generos~ity in: giving up hjs parish to them, theJi were enabled to open a s1cho-ol in Illinois. For years before coming to Bourbonnais Father Cote had been a nli.SlsiionJary priest; ~n llrlino1is, and! it wrusr no Slmrull sa:erifice to give llpt his pa['d1sh and' return to m.is1s1iornarry work.

Father J ailnes Oot:e was born a,t Etcp_emin, Quebec, Oan­ada, April 5, 1829·, aindt after completing hi~s, stud·ies ait the Semina:ry of Quebec was ordwinedi priest June 8, 1856. F 'or three .. years he exercised his sacred ministry in Canada;, and then came to Illinois1, where he was aJ missiornary until 1864 when he was aprpoinrtedJ pwstor of Bourbonnais. After res,ign­ing this office he beeame as1sista,nt to Falther R,oles, pastor of St. l\fa,ry's Church, Ohicago, aindJ soon after succeeded to the p:astiwate of the Notre, DaJine do Cfhica1go Church. This, in1-portant office he held' until 1884 when he was appointed pa:s:­tor of Aurora, Ill. Old age ailld: declining: heaJth · foree'd him to res1ig-n in 189-6, . when he returnedi to Canada1, 3Jnd' spent the rema;ining years of his life in the Hospita1l St. Jos:erph a~t L~e:vis. A requiem H:ig,h: Mas:s was srung1 in the CoUe1ge cha,pel for the repose of his soul om Tuesday, M:a,rch 14. ·

Requ,iescat in Pace.

,

... ,

. '

··: . · .. .. THE VIATO·RIAN

MAN'S .PILGRIMAGE.

A pudgy toy, And yet a hoy,

With winsome, coio.ing 1nurn1ur . . vVild, wonder-eyed·,

As worlds: ar.e spied By apt and busy learner.

Rebellious look At cha1rt or book,

And halting trea:d to~ schovl ; D:efiant · Inielll,

For pleasuT'e keen­An enemy of rule·.

A heart "for rent" A head intent

On lea,ping all ba~rrier.st ;

1\ mate is ~~ought, Love's battle fought

The :fir'S't of mature yea,rs.

Now in the s~trife, Of 'gress.ive life,

With sinews s~t.rruined: and torn; He seeks to clutch,

And corvet1s much, T·he ros-e without the thorn.

Sed,a:te and gray, Rmnorved from fray

And tur1noil bo·r.n of greed, He views setrene, ·

His home and queen, And bids the w·orld Godspeed.

vVi th vision dim, And tott'ring limb,

With sands of life nea1r ru:n, He strives to gaze,

Thro' the misty ha~e Of life's fast setting sun.

-:--Robert Ross.

238 THE VIA'TO,RIAN

PHRONEMATA

The grea,t epic of un<)htrusive nobility of life yet rema~ins

to be written, and perhaps .will SIO rema1in until th.e end o.f tim;e for. wan;() of a poert of srufficient genims 'to s1ing itH praise.

There a!I'·e noble men and 'vomen-whios1e ea,rthly existen­ces are spent in the unobtrusive silent, patient; obs;cure doing of good, perhaps at the cos.t of infinite pain to' them's'elves, w.ithout their fame' being hera1lded abroad, or their. nam·es be­ing known beyond their own circles:, but who have left the wor ld! better and! brighten fo1r t iheir br:ief Sita[Y inJ it. The1se are the n1en and WOI:t;len who, during: a.ll time, ha,ve done the hard work of the world smHingly, gently and uncompla.ining­ly without a,ny hope of fame, wealth or hon;br, because it was theil, duty, and because One who1 hadi been des:pristed of men had set them the exa,mple. Inspired with simple, but glor­ious,ly he1ro~ic courage, they s,a,cTiifice themselves, for otheor~s,

and are the s.oldiers thart win the laurels for the g·enera,l's brlow, the attendants tha,t bring success and fa1n.e to the doc­tor's .skill, the clerks who faithfully watch the intere~s~ts of the 1nerchant prince, the haird handed lahorers and · toil-wo;rn wo1nen who 'have really made the world what it is· today. Such people live quietly and unnoticed, no one: thinks: of pra.is1ing them, but ·when one 'of then1 is taken a;~ay, whon1 we once knew, 've notice so1ne of the sunshine and joy of life has gone. Their e:pic has .not ye~t been writt1en, but the lips of angel,s will sing their triumph s.ong when the'Y stand hefore the Great vVhite Throne to receive the laurel \}f victory 'oiVer s-elf.

Yea,r by year the observance of St. P'a~trick's. day grows more universa.I, because it iH the day upon which one of the most pe1rsercuted races celeb:rates its g·1~eat glory, its. never failing -aidherenee to Catholicity, the only truly Christian re­ligion. Upon this da.y the Irish coo.nmemorate the virtues- vf

i· '~

: ,

l ·,;

THEI VIATORIAN 239

their greart· apostle a,nd· patron· .s:aint "\vho beque~a,thed to them the glorious herrita,ge of their falith, which they ha;ve , haud;ed down from gene:ratiorn t.a generation unsullied aind unim;pralir-

. ed despite the age of pe~srecution, the S~'W'Vli'd of the torppreS'sor, aDJd the con:fis;c:i.tJtion of their homes and landsr by a foreign invader. St. Patrick s.owed the seed of Christianity in Ireland "~ithout the .srhedding, of al drop of blood, but s;ince that time irt has gTOWDJ :a\ndJ frtuJeti:fieldJ ~rrom dJelU\gleSI of marrt:yr's; blolod. On Maoc-ch 17 w·e obsrerrve n!0tt ornrly th'e fera1srt of a1 grr-reart: bishop ar.tJJd confers:sro~, but t[l:re cr:urci:fixionl o£ a/ nartJiron', unpal:ealleled in hi.storry. The only thing of which Ireland can boa:st is her un­swerving, unc:ompr1\)mi.sling and undying faith, ·but no orther · nation can m:ruke a; prouder bo'ast. She has had her Gerth­sen1a.ne, she has c1im!bed her Oarlvaey, she ha:s; been nailed to t he Oro~s, s.he hals wa[.ked' the Viami D1olorosam with the Savior. Individual~ have done this in large nu1nbers, but Ire­land is the only nfl!tion: tha,.t has bee~ s.o signally honored b~ God.

"R,era;cling m1aketh ·ru full matn"· say;s Balc:orn, and it s,eein'S that the voracious readers of tbe 1nodern popular magazine

. /

a1re full of rubbi:sihf like the fam1i1y asbJ balrreL

. '

THE VIATORIAN Publlshed monthlY by the students ,of S~.' Viator College, Bourbonnais, Illino£s.

EDITORIAL STAFF

E 'ditor in Chief-FRANCIS A. CLEARY, '11.

E.xchanges-. J. P. O'MAUONEY, '11. Societies-FREb CONNOR, '13.

Athletics-GERALD BERGAN, '12. Personals-· RALPH LEGRIS, '11.

Alumni-· TIMOTHY A. ROWAN, '13. Locals-PETER J. CURLEY, '14 . •

Entered at the Bourbonnais Post Offia as second-'class matter

All ctJrresj;ondenc<e must be addressed" The Viatorian," Bourbonnais, Illinois.

SubscrijJtzon price One Dollar jJer year, payable in advance.

All business ·communications should be addressed to "Business Manager," The Viatorian, St. Viator College, Bourbonnais, Illinois. .

. EDITORIAL.

We a;re indeed happy to enroll among· the long list of our distinguished college Sl{}cietie:s:, the "Socie:ty of the Most.

Society of the lJ;Jost

Holy Name." This society, although a new one in this community, is one which has long been esta:blished throughout a great parl \1f

Holy Na.1ne. the Ohristian world, and is one whose influ-ence ha1s likew~i,se pern1ea~ted the hearts of all

Christian men and women. Having · for its a1im, the respect and honor, which we should boor towards the Ho1y name of God and Je,s1us Ohr1st, it ca[}J not but s.tlir up in men, aU that is noble and' gopd. Hence, wherever we may look about us, we will aJwa~s find, that if t~here, this society exists, there also are men wort,hy of esrteen1. The society here, thanks to the diligent work of our Reverend Pres,ident, boasts of an

)_ ~--~tl ·:~:: }~" ·~~ {_\$ ' . .

. '"(

_,

-;·,

! ''< \. \

241

unusually la1rge ntnuber, and "\ve have therefore an the 1nore caus.e for rejoicing. '

Me.xiao· is just now ha.vi11:g 1nore than hm" sha,re o,f trouble. R-evolution a1nd · internal warfare have so far aldv.an.ced, that

Our Borde1·.

now ·the situaUon is most em1brura1ssing t:o1 the ~fexican gorvernment. T;he people have indeed grave reason to be a.la.rmed, not, only for their own personal s;a,fety, but even for the nation:s w~lfa["e. In ~order to rSafegua):vd her subjects

and ' her own interests:, the United States ha1s: dispatched troovs to the :.Mexican bo·rder8. These, together with .a. few of our iron-clads will in all probabil!ity insure perfect safety to aU c~ncerned, and eliminate any da,nger that n1ight arise for us. vVar is a sad state oj affairs in any instance and nniis.t alway.s be a nation's last resort in tin1e of trouble. vVhether [or not the .a,ction of :i\!exican sllihjects will result in further dang~er

rmnains yet to be seen. Frmn all appearances the trouble will be confined to ~1exic·o; let us then hope foi· irilJlnediate · pe1UJce, for a.s sons of 31 univer:sal fainily we are! conce1rned in this pea.ce.

+ + +

Bleak old winter is slowly fading into the hr.ight and ex­uberaint breath of sunny Sipringiiin:e. Nature is once 1nore

Tlt.e Voice of

Spring.

unfolding· her w·ea.lth of tre~.sures and a;ll the air see1ns to a,bound in s.weert perfumes. The re1turning songbirCLs he:r'ald thie eoming '<~f the sunshine season, and niother ea:rth awalren~d frQnli her w'inJt:err's slumberr srbairt.s alllew the ·

\vork of life. As the seaJSo,n's cha!nge, so do we also, a:nd: as the , years Speed On COrtlS>tantly interchanging Wlith their 8€13r

sons, inr the saine Way, do our lives; :R.enewed a.ctiviUesi di-' ver.Sie ihfluen.ces ali go to 1nake up a lifetiine. We 1nus.t ever

feel the spirit of the different seasons and so infuse new 1n-

242 THE1 VIATORIAN

.teresrt, new vigor into our existence~ Sp.I'Ii~g is the s~ign of birth a.nd rejuvenated na,tut"e, we can all partake in the spirit of the sea,s:on.

+ + +

Time a1nd amaiin, iti hats' been notedJ and remarked, what .aJ po,verful influence the press can exercise. , Now this

Oa.tholic

a~Ssertion wa,s never n1ore t.rue than in the present da1y. The U~verage college student is a m'o,s:t voracrious retaider a,nd of course in the .sa.nle style a,s. he reads, so is his youthful char-acter n1olded. VV e loo'k to the cladJy press fo-r

n1ost of our knowledg'e eo·ncerning the outs,ide 'vorld. ,1\Thy could ·we not C'()lnfine .ourselves to a good Catholic weekly·? Struggling under the dispa~ra.ging - influences of n1any so-called n1odernis.-t;s., our CU~tholic pressn1en need -every effort., for suc­cess, which we can lend ,them'. As official organs of truth we 1nust eo-ope~a,te with them in their \York On the other halnd w·e mus~t look to our Ca;thv1ie books, Inag;a.Ziine:s, an!d all pe'r-- ' '

iodical.s for good ,sensible reading 1naterial, so tha.t. ;our minds may be fed with the pu;rest and-nourished \vith the stt~onges;t, th:at only g1rea.t writers can offer.

SOCIETY NOTES

Tfhe first annual banquet of the Comm·ercial class. in honor Qf -the · Sen'ior cla.s:s took place Tuesday ev-ening', Febru­ary 28th in the college banquet hall. The newly 'organized Oomtmercial clas:S .is showing unusual a;ctivity for s:uch a young orgatnizatian. T'hey have made haste to reap the socia,l .benefits .of orgaiiLization. The business like n1:an~er in which the affai,r was . ~onducte(l bears . the charrq..eteristic JnaTk of a comn1ercial body of' men. vVe ·would enterta,in great l~orpe.s for our · nation in the future if these young mell} would carry

'<

~·''•

i.

\

\ . I

' ,.

,. (~'

TH'E; VIAT'ORIAN· 243

out 'into the world the s:ame spirit as, they displayed in class work, and uri!doubrtedly they wilL Congratu1a~tiO.ns and hes.t ·wishes. for future · su~eeesses t.o the Oommexeial class of '11! After a generou's ~upper the following progran1 was rendered: Opening addres1s, P. O'Lea:ry; "Oila;ss Orrganizart.ion," A:. Storr; ·violin solo, F. Connor; '''Business \Vor1d,"· H. Fitzgerald; "Last Link of Class ~orga;niza1tion," F. Clea1ry; "St. Viator's Students in the Business Wo~ld," R.ev. EL L. R1ivar.d, 0. S. V.; vo:c:a'l duet, E! .Water:s arnd E~. Leine~n; s1eleeted, R.e,v . . ·vv. J. Bergin; vocal ·~,o~lo, J. Kissane; selected, R.ev. :M. J. Breen; 4 '0onnn-ercial Eidueation," ·very .Rev. J. P. O'Maih0ney.

The eelehra:tion in honoQ~ of the fifth a\nn,riversa:ry ·af the. fir e, ·given by the S:eiDJior elals1s jn tih.e eoHege auditorium, Tuesday, F'eb. 21, wa1s a!n intere1sting and instructive affa1ir. T'he vari­ous srpeeches . deliver ed . by representatives of the various de­partnlents., MinimS!, Juniors and Seniors, at. the tjnle of the fire, we1re ·replete with interesting anec:d'bt.e.s~ and des·criptions, 'vhich painted-anew; n;0t only the harvoe of the flan1es, but the , alnutsing· S<eene1s r esulting fromr g1rart.uit:ous bravery on the pa;rt · of excited students. 'Rev. James A. Hayden, '06, re­lated in an eloquent n1anner the struggle,., of the class of '06 in behalf of class otganization. · He traced the developn1ent of a Srpirit of loyalty amoiJ:lg the students of Viator, in1planted in them a.s a: result. of the a;wful misfortune of. the. fir·e, . and .Siincel grown s:trong in many . ,.Yays; a.pd he urged a, continuance of this sp·irit not only during the tiln-e spent at doillege, but also !I uring the ca.reer of the: s.tuden t in the world,. In continuation of this1 idea, Mr. William . G. Me-

. ICenna:, '06, in an exeerllenta.ppreciation of clas!S1 orga.nizUJtion, urged a mo·r:e thorough and practical organization of the alun1ni of St. Via1tor'.s eollege. The other spe:eches~ on the

_ progran;r, as published in our last number, added to the intei­lectuaJ a.tn1osrpheT·e of the evening.. Such a. generous and just a.ppre·ciation of . "Fire D~~" reflect.Bi grea.t credit. upon the Senj or cla.s:s::

The Sophomore ' a;nd Freshman Oratory club will · l1a~ve ·its :Field D,a,y M:a:reh 22nd, tOn the evening 'of w_hich a · public debate 'ivill be he,ld ·on the quesrbion "La.bor Unions are . 9n the

f . • . • ·, '

244 THE VIAT'ORIAN

whole beneficia1l to Society in General in the · United States~ . " T'he oppo:s1ing team.s are working hrurd upon their Inatter, ·and, without doubt, it will be a dos;e contest. T.his is the first of a series of debat~es which will be given by this elub th:i,s year. At the la~srt me,etin~ of the O'I'a:bory club, M1:-. Dougherty, 1\{r. L,ynch and' l\1-r. L~ang1oi.s delivered very . interetsting speteches which showed' deep thoug~ht and untiring prepairation.

St~.- Patrick's Lit.erary and Deba,ting Sociert.y held its fir:st public :tneeting ])1all''ch 6.th, in . the CloUege AudJitoriu1n. A very interesting prog1ram was rendered. after which a vaude-

. ville selection was given which p['oved highly . ep.tertaining. E 'nte:rtaJnn1ents of a1 s1imHar nature ha~ve be·en ca.rried on every week in the socie,ty, and the differelllt participants were thus well . prepa1re:di to :Sru1slt:aiDJ thJej:r part.s. 'The firsrt a ppeail"arnce of "St. Pats" this yeail" proved a decided suceess; ailld- .future affah's of a; sintilar naitu•re would be heartily recejved bjT the student body. Th·e!y not only reUeve the mouortbny of the winter e:vening,s, but they bring before the eyes; of the· students the locall ta~len:t of 'vhich, b~ t:he w·ruy, St. Patrick's has Hs sha!re. Tlhe va,rious. spe1aker:s: showeld exp~erien:ee and ea:se, a1s. well as the resu1lt of th:e good t.r~:ining th:ey 1~eceive frv•m their· Moderator Brother Sher1dan. The music was exceptional-

. ly gotod. Program.: Opening~ Aiddress:, E:. Dunne; ''Life of '\tVashingt.on Irving," L. WaH; Vi·oHn1 So,lo, F '. O~:urteT' ; "Ten­dencies of the lVloder'n Stage," P. McCia,ffery; Recita.rtion, 0. Merz; Piano Solo, M. Wilson; VaudevHle Sele1ct.ion, "Wanted -a M·ale Cook," W. Roy, D·. Udcll, :M. Spit.z, and: G. Kelly.

One of the praicticaJ results of the Retreat recently held in the College " ras the organiza1tion of the "Ho·ciety of the Holy Name of Jesus," in wh1ieh all t:he srtud~nts fron1 the dignified ~enior to the care-fr'ee :Minim enrolled their !~antes. It was indeed a very auspicious occasion for introducing this so1ciety into the Oollege, a·s the stJude~nrts, having made a guod Ret.reat, were wo,rthy tb enUst themselves under the ban: neT of this 'vid~spread organjzation. Surely, the end of this soe1ety, to instd.H g,reart::er venerartiolllJ and! love in the hearrts of Caitholics for the nall.ll!e of Jesus, " "'ill be 'furthered by the a·c-

' I

. .~;

~· '

I :

'l· .

1 .,

i• .

THEI VIAT'ORliAN · 245

qu~sition to it,s fold of s:o many Oa.tholie young1 m·en, who a,re willing to propagate its wor~. · .

An election· was held, according to the regulath)USI gov­erning the society in this country. Mr. F. Cleary ·was elected President. Mt. G. Bergan, Secretary, and Mr. J. Fitzgerald, Treasurer. Under the guidance of such able o:ffice1rs and' . eon.s:cientious young 1neu as1 W·e:re chosen, the soeiet~ cannot but grow and prosper and: prorve an important factoll'" in cottnlbartim1g t1he ervils of tJhi:s t-wentierth century.

· St. Thomas' DH~, Tuesday,, Mareh -7th, wa1s fittingly ob­served' by the .Seminaa~y Departmtent. A. specia~ mass was; of­fered up in the morning in honor of the great saint and scholar of the Thirteenth century who did so much by his sanctity of life and scholarly attainments to correct the evil influences at work during his tirne .

. T1le T'heoiog1ians enjoyed' a holid.1a~ in honor of the g~reat St. Thomas, which they fittingly brought to a; el'osre by an en­tertainment to the Oollegja,te DlepalrtJnenrt,. in the . CoHeg;e

, Auditoriun1. After a very cor!dia,l address of welcom.e: by J\1r. 8amuel Libert, s~e·ver1a:l eloquenb dis!s:e!rtatioTIJs. upon the var-

. ipus . s.ide~ of St.. Thomas' eharacter were given, noteworthy a,mbng which W'fiS, 1\11r. O!larernce Oonwary'.s. just appreciation of St. T'homasP g1~e:at' work i.DJ th!e Tlheo1logjc~ai field. Brothers Sher1dan and Plante, with their musical instru1nents tuned in a.ccord with th:e intellectual :flig'ht.s of the va,riousi sp.eakers, produced the harmonious s;train.s~ which vvere caught up by the Quartet and sent forth in the beautiful )lymn. compv·S:ed by

. St. Thomas himself, the "Tantum: E;rgo." A fitting background was thus ·laid out for the pr1in.eipal

feature ·v·f the progratm1, :aJ defense of the doetrine o:f the "Di­vinit~y. of Ohris;t" by Stephen M1dMJahorn a1g:adnst fou1.; of his fellow theologians wh\OJ skillfully defended: the RationaHs:tic view of this most important doctrine. l\tf.r. MclVIahon, aft.er deliverin~ a: Dogma,tie lecture on the divinity, in which he show·ed himself well versed in EtXegeties1, success,fully refut~ed the most plausible and convincing arguments which h~s. re­sourceful opp0nents could advance. After an O'Donnell, an O~Brie~·, a Munsch and' a Slierida.n had been vanquished, the

,~ I ~'r, ' " .,•il. •

246 THEI VIAT'ORIAN

able ,disciple of St. Thomas retired, ha,ving displa;yed a: thor­ough know ledge of the 8c·ri ptur€sl, a skillful in terrpre:ta1tiion of sacred texts a,nd, rema,rkruhle acumen in a,nsiVirering ob-jections.

On Sunday evening, · ~1a.rch 12, , the Lajoie French Society entertained an it,s 1nea:nbers and S1evera,l invited: guests. The 1

"

music room where the entertad.run:ent took pla.ce 'vas tastily decora,ted with the college colors, the old gold and purple. A subs!ta,ntial spread wa,s e.njoyed by a,ll; after which ciga1r:s were pasls.ecl around and while the 'vhite clouds of smoke were arising .and satiling about the , room an interesting a,rid in­st,ructive program of sp,eeches and n1us.ic wa.s rendered. E iVery one on the proglr'anJ: deserves to be highly praised for his sue- . .cess. M. Ellder Soulign;e maide :himself tl1e repl~esienta;tive or'a.­tor of the s:Oeiet;y by his s:chola.rly s1peeeh. The entire suecHs:s otfl the evening is dUJe a1lmosrb whollY' t0, ~1 .Rallph Le,gris. Tille .program foll?,WSI :

"M ·t d · C . " · . H . . A D h a1 re e eremon1es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a ,rr1.s: . . arc . e "L P L . . " · R· l\lf T' D e ere a}Oie .. ..... ... , .... ............. ::\ev. 1.n. . · ugas "Mes E:Xperiences dans le Francais" ... · ..... Joe M. La,reau Cfha,nson- "L,a Vis[:on de Ste. Oecile'' ~ ...... R.ev. E. L. R.iva;rd "La jeunesse .d!aujourd 'hui" .. · ........ ... Rev. J. E. Belwire "Le but du Oercle" .. ... ..... ... , ........ .' .... E ilder J. Soulig'ne "'Solo de Piamor' .. ,. ·:· ..... • .. ·I·., .. ~ ~ .. ·'·.· .. r.Geraifld Picard "'Le fra1ncais d'oojo:ufld 'hui" ... ' ....... R,ev. J. P. 0'~1ahoney "Remarques'' .. , .. , .... , ... ·-. -............. :R,ev. ·J. V-. Rheams "'Lre Cerde de eette annee'' .... ... : .. , .... R.ev. J. D. -Laplante

·" ~ 'L ' \ ,, ·~ ·~ .

'·

' ' /

·\

1

• Jereb a nges 1•1 """"""""""""""""""""" 1 . •

~. The short stories . orf the m:wjority , of our worthy ex­

changes a1re ainything but high-ela,ss: fiet.io.n. We do not ex­pect a ma,sterpi~~e frlolln the "twinkling sta1r:s.," who write for college nla.gae;i:p.e:s, but we· do expect a well const.ructed pl0't. We do not expect: the de:s1c.:riptions oif a "George Elliot.," but. . 've demand rewdable, e lea·r descriptions. Nor should twenty ·· or more characters figure i.n a story of ab1out six hundred w·0rd.s. Thes1e s1torie:s: ( pa1rdon use of the word "story") a:re quite ha,rn1les.s1, however, it would· be 'veil · if ee:nsorrs would exercis1e the:il" een:s1oria1l po,ver and a1lso the 'va1ste basket mor'e frequently.

Th.e Univ·ersi.ty of Ottafi.Da Revi.ew in portra~ing Scott's wo.nlen holds thm··e is not one: true Oatholie heroine d espite the fact tha,t Mary, Queen of Scorts, figures in his1 wo·rks.

Benefits of adverti:sing is1 a plea1 for that n:ot ne:gle·cted e lement of money-making schemes. The inflLlent:e of Catholi­cism on E:nglisih lit:era1ture proves1 that w ha:te:ver is pure, holy,

· high, noble and eleva:ting in literature is; due to the influence of Oart:holieis,m.

The Collegian. of St. Ma:ry's1, Oakland, Ga:l., teems with p!oertry, essa;ys, wit a:nd humor. . T'he editor:s1 o.f this active col­lege paper deserve pr~ais:e for the: s·e·lection and literary work­manship of the vwrious a1rt.icles found the,re,in. Drainat,ic a,rt is cou.s.idered in an instructive paper on Henrik Ibsen. Tlhe ·women cha,raete!rls of Ibs1en's clrarna:s1 are free and' inde:­p-end,ent; ma,rria:ge a1 m.m~el fot•Inla!lity; loiVe a: naituT'al instinct and per.sona.l freedon1 is· their happines:s:. Th:e w·rit,e!r sh01WS

this to be the undercurrent of Ibsen's fen1ale · cha~ra.cte1r:s.

Ibsen was .a~n idea:Ji.s.t:, n:ever a 1norwlist, tod:a~ he would be clasHed in the ca,te!gpry of Modernists. The moral of the "Doughnut" is: apt, some people s:ee spots where· orthers1 see stars. The editorials a:re the principal feait.ure ·0,f a college paper. Th.e OoUegiarn understand-s.

I .

248 THE. VIATORIAN

It 1 is retally a; pleds1ure to criticise a1 paper like the Fleur De Lis) of St. Louis Un.iver1sity, Poetry, .not doggerel is found gra1eing its. bright pages1. "Is Sb!ruke1spea1re'' delves intof the cause:s why the masterpieces of the English language might ll!Oit hmve been: ·writt.eflli by- the man "Shakespeare." Shakes­peare wa1s a man of low trustes, of anti-lite.r'ary habits, un­known to Lond,)n ·society. Northing, mor-e unlike a1 great dra .. tnartist?s life could: be co:neeived. Whittier says Shakespeare never wru~te the plays; Sir Eldwin Dnrning-Lauren,ce, in his new book, coin.eides1; Mark 'Tiwarin. laJughedi at ther idea~ ; Lord Palmerston, Lioii'd Houghton, Samuel T1arylor, Coleridge, Ralph Waldo E1nerson, John Greenleaf Whittier were sure he did not . write the pla~s. The article is. instructive and is fuH of inform.mtion. "Shakespearian Speak the Speech" is a le!::son to orators, "would-be orators, people who feel they are orators, orators in pot~ntia," and above all to ,·,a~we-rat:orsr." P:eo'ple ha;ve an idea1, the writer says, that a. man n1ust be pos.s.esse:d1 of large, g'rasping,. overpowering hatndsl to take hold of his1 hearerrs b~ their s:calps1 and· t.o d.rag them into . carpi tulatliorn, in other w:ords1, s:wee:ping gestures ; tha·t he must stamp his fe.e:t; tos~s~ his head·, rev0.Jve his body; andJ of co~u:rs~e hei must be ?- .maiSsive person-. At.l·a.ntean shoulders. No, this is no:t required to be a.n orator, to con-

. vince. T'his is the idea. . in lesst-eultivated1 section:s~ of the coun­try. The orator needs a: simple, persuas;ive, euncise, pleals:­ing and e0.nv:in:eing ma,nner,. Our St.. Louis friend thinks so ; an versed in the a,rt concur in his view.s. Lack of space for­bids mentioning the many other fe,atures of this. paper .

• "Psychology of an Elxamin.artion" is the ta.le of ar young

philosophe·r, in the Loretto .Mag-azine) of Nerinx, Ky., who possessed a1 ·t"emJalrkable memory. H:enee, datily · recitations. were nogleeted, for oou.Jd . not the five months work ·be well gr.a;sped.J by two da~rs ''plug1gingi' b~fore the semi-annua1l eocam\S '? Don, the philosopher in question, did make good, but after­warda remembered "that a lit.tle philosophy inclines m·en's

. minds to Atheisl:liU, but de.pth. in philo1S:0phy leads · them bad\: t:o God'." · "Pieace he Strill," ru beautiful poem by Bal bus, breathes a religioiU.s atiDo1spherre, elevating~ thouglhts. allld clothed ill! choice la~ngu,age. B·aJbus is no novice in the art of writing po.etry. ·

"Lyric Poetry of Irelalll:d," in the Labarrunt) is a co1npre-

....

' .

......

''

' 1_:

THE VIATORIAN 249

ltensive airticle and deal.s with. n1any ,of the Lyrieal produc­t1ons of EJrin's best poets. . Of the 1nany enum·e~r:art.ed, Gerald Griffin, Rev. ~F'ran:eis S. O"Mahoney and· Oannvn. Sheehan are given aJ plaice. While the aibove- three mentioned. wrote lyri­cal poetry, yet are they not known· best as CJ.ovel,isrts;? The article is intensely interes1ting not onl:y to lovers. of Irish lyrical poetry but to an loveT'S1 of poetry. "A_n Itailian Jour­ney" de1scribes a visit to Europe and an audience with Pope Pius:. "Ventures iw Drea.m.s" is a neat esHay and shows: us the mam..y ventures grea1t writers made in dreaLI11;land. Dante's dr1eam, the writ.er thinks, wa,s caused by pondering too much and allowing his over-W'rou.gh t hnagina tion to dwell upon thoughts of his lady Bleatrice. Still, I believe no man could dream~ if dream it w:aiS, a,s Damte did. No man saw so many things, rela,ted SIO' much the result of a dream. "About a Lit­tle B'ook" is the story of the "Imitation." The stori.es have well developed plots and hold' the reader's interest through­out.

____ + __ _

Rosemary, or Life and! Dearth, by T. V. Huntington, 525 pages, lr2 m~o., $1.00. P. J. Kenn:edy & SQIThS) New York and Philadelphia!.

We feel suTe that .our £aJthers and mothers will be glad to he1ar thart:J "Rose:inia:ry" whiclh w:a1s a favorite a,ud much dis­CU1S·s:ed' novel when they w·ere bOIJS and girls, has been brought out in an at,t.r'alct.ive., ne·w and cheap edition by P. J. }\enned;y & Sons. A copy haiS been received b~ us, which, we confess,

· we r1eatd with much, thoru,gh s·on1ewha,t disg:D;i~ted, pleasure. We do not wonder thart the last generation enJoyed this s.trange work, for, d.esrpite its faJUlts, which honE;sty cvmpels us to ·sa~y are m1a1ny rundi glaii'ing, the s~tory is exciting and in­t:er:esting ~ a1nd a1 strang,e atmosphere of my•stt~ry p.ervades1 it . throu:ghou t, and we feel sure thart the presen.t generatiOOJ: will de·rive much amusement and endoyment: from it,s: p.erus!a1l. We w·ere almo:st remrpted intto writing a:n exhaustive criticism of this novel of .a1 pa1st ,amd gone generation, with ru view to air­ing s.om·e view~ on nO!Vels in general and the Oatholic novel in

. .; . •;; . .;_'"- ,;···

250 THE VIATORIAN

pa,rticulmr, but space does not permit, s;o we must keep these views to ·ourselves until SIOme larter igsue. The chief fault t.o be :£ound with the prres:ent edition is that · it conta1ins some typographical e~ro~·,s which might have been arvoided through more ca1reful proof reading, ·su.ch as di.sac~ompanie:d for dis­appeared, profouse for prolfus;e ·o~n p. 45, a.neles for ankles on p. 219, R.ost for Hose o:n p. 400, and one 01r two more which ·we failed t.o mark. P. J. Kennedy & Sons are to be commended for the:ir enterprise in bringing out this vld ~avorite again.

________+ ______ __

The fir1st step to~rards1 filling the niches1 in the n11a1in corridor of Mar-~

sile Han wa:s taken on l\1arch 7, when a beautiful statue . of St. Thon1a,s. of Aq uin was pia1ced; in one of them. This1 statue is the gen­erous gift1 of the Rev. .Tho'S. :F'. Quinn of E~eret.t, Ill., a1nd is1 arn

extreJnely ha;ndsmne exa1nple of the s~cu1ptor)s art. It stands1 six feet hi@h, and' ad~l~s1 greaHy to the ap­pearance of the €mt.rance eo,rridoT' of ~1:arsile Hall.

Fa.ther Quinn's generosity has, set the exaJnple :£o,r others and the1re are ah'ea:dy promises of bvo 1nore s.ta,t.ues which \vill le:ave on-ly one more niche to be filled. THE VIA­

TORIAN on: behalf of the college ten­ders sincere!St tha.nks t.o Father Quinn fo~r his1 kindnes,s; and munifi­cence.

' ;

" I •. ;f

I I _,..,.·

ill,

&; f <''rf; {;f t .

:f

'· :

E Btbtettc motes I• BlABKEITIBi.f\JLL.

St. · Vriator, 33; St. B:eJde, 21. On F'ebruary 2·4 the hitherto invincible St. B.ede basket­

baH t10S,s1ers1, sulffered tilreir' fir's't defeat in four yea:rs at the hamd~s of the lo:caJs1. The . Va·rsity were prin1ed' for th~· ba,ttle which, although plmyed on ru sn1a:ll, s,t.ralnge floor, resulted in ~ gloriouS! triuJnph. St .. Bede ha1s: had: a gr'ea:t r:eputation1 of foiur yewrs of victories, a1nd St. Viator isi indeed to ·. be praised for their splendid victorry. The. plu:ek and dertie1rminati0n to o;verthrow their haru.ght~ ery wa,s written upon the alctions. of eve1ry St. Vi,a,tor pla~yer and: we:ll did the pluck count. The tea1m worrk was exC'eUent and the paiSISies s:ariled through the a,ir with lightning rapidity and truest wim. The brunt of victo1ry faH1s upornJ F'is!chetr, who has pla(Yed a cwlibre of the

' ba1skerthaU art diuring the 1S1ea:son thart ha1S1 been the .source · of gre~.t il.idm,irla,tionJ t.o the fa1ns. The ,sumimary best s;hows his, .perform.ance. "Fish" wa1S1. tihe "1na:n of the hour" a:nd' chalked up t,wenty-five well ne1eded1 units' to the score. l\1oynihan was1 aJll orver the :floor, his srpeedi <l'a~z,ling the Peru lads', while KissanJe towered! orver the fatr famed Mollla:ghan to the -extent t.haiJ nort aJ ba1sketJ w:als corra1Ued'. The gaa:ne will live long, in the memory of S. V. 0. students a1nd!. st.a;n1;ps, the Va.r,sity as; one of the best qudnt:ets1 in the starte. Lineup: ·

!St. Viator, Moynihan FischeT Fitzgemld Kts.sane Cleary

33. R. F. L. F. c. R. G. L. G.

St. Bede, 21!

'

P:roeiSel Monaghan

. Walsh 'Mc!Oann

Goyne

Field g.oals: lMioynihan ( 2), Fischer ( 9), Fitzgerald ( 2), Pr.oesel ( 6), M e~Cann ( 1). Fre·e ~throws: F ; s·cher ( 7), McCann ( 7) . · Refere·e: Stewa·rt. Umpire: Jacobs. Timers: Hendert and Gordon. Scorer: Do em ling. Time halves: 2 0 min.

S~. Vi:art)Oir, 51; Stl. JoSiep:h, 6. For the se:condJ time this ~eals!On St. J ose:ph caane out s:e:c­

ond besrt wdth the Va;r1sit~. The' class. of baH they ventured to pla,y was fa;r below the brillia;:rit variety and' no trouble: 'va,s

252 THEI VIATORIAN

encounte,red in wall?ping1 thetm. The run:arw.ay '\>Vas n()t very exeitin:g,, giving1 the lo,ea,ls n<Ything: m\C~r'e thatill a1 good' practiee g-a.1n1:e. The visitoTs ,seem·ed tJOI su.ffe1r f~{)(J])J the lack of two con­diments, ginger and peppeT, . and1 tih·ei~ only field gval ca,me nea;r the finish. on ai fluke. Fischer' allld \F'itzgera,ld pla~·ed their usual shining g~m·e. · Gordon and' C1ea['y being peT­fection on the defens1e. Lineup:

:St. Viatocr-, 51. Moynihan Fis,cher F'i tz.geral d Gbrdon Cleary

R. F. L. F. IC. R. G.

. L. G.

St. J osep:h, 6. M·ortan

Grathwal Fiely ·

Carmody . Harrison

Field goal:s: !Moynihan ( 5), Fi ,scher ( 9), Fitzgerald' ( 9), Fiely (1). Free throws: Fischer ( 5); F iely ( 4). Referee: Reed; Umpire: Ja·cobs. Timers: Legris and We·ber. s ,corer: .Regan. Time halves: 20 min.

St. ·viartor, 29; DePaul, 17. 'l"·wice in the san1e1 place wa,s. what the Varsity handed t o

DePaul. On 'lVl:aa:·ch 4 they ·played DePaul a, return game at DePaul and cttn1e out on top to the music of 29-17. The lo ~ ca.ls played the s'a1ne steady article as of yore and this coupled wjth Moynihan's gritty work and' Capt. Fitzgeratld's,. point getters ga:ve us our s:econd victory over the, North Side school.

I

Lineup: St. Viator, 29.

Moynihan Fischer Fitzgerald Kissane Cleary

R. F. L. F. c. R. G. L. G.

DePaul, 17. Leffert

O'Donnell Potter Ward Kolb

Field goals: LMoynihP.n ( 3), F 'i scher ( 2), Fitzgerald ( 7), Leffert ( 1), O'Donnell ( 3), Potter ( 2). Free throws: Ftsc:her ( 5), Leffert { 5). Referee: Withers. Umpire: J a.cobs.

BA8EiBAJ_.~L.

T·he few warm daf.YSI O'r s1prin@ weaibhel'" rvtnnd the ca1ndi­dates for the baseball team .a,s,sen1bled on Be:rgin Field. Thus far only batting_ pra,ctice hais: been i_ndulg.ed in and the s.v\ring­ers of the bludgeon are s:ending the little five ounce, nine inches fa·r into: the field. The S'quad hacs been reduced eonsid-

'> ·. ;~;;:;,

f.

•

\ .

..•

.,;. ·,~'

2,53

erably a:nd the following, ha;ve been ·showing the best .:for1n: 0 1'Gonnell, Lynch, E:. Quille; Wa,rne;r, HarTison, :B"'itzgeraJd, San1rnon, McDonald', A. Quille, Helta,, SaiVa:ry, Dunn, nfoyni­han, Doe!mling, Legris, Kelly, L~e!inen, Duffy, Welch. The schedule - is newrly con1pleted and will be published in the April nu-mber.

T'HE' JUNIORS.

' "

The maillne~r in which the Junior:s ha,ve taken . to ba,seball pra,ctice speaks :much for the seaison ahead. of the1n. T'he~y a1re a ll working hall'd, and the s:quad is very pl~onlising, so m'Uch so, thalb indieat,ions point; to the fa.ct tha,t they will have o.ne of the best, if not the be:s't Junior te,a,In. in yeairs. At, home g~J11es will be played eve,ry Su~1day with the best, teaills in the vicinity and nothing but victories: a~re · e~xpe1cte:d. Tlhe followingi are the 111os:t pron1j.s.ing': Capt. Sullivan, , vVysocki, W.a'rren, O'Neill, K~lih:er) Os1t:roski, l\1,eG~e:ei, Riche1rt, L. ~!'or­tell, Kekich, l\1. O'Conm:n·, Gea;ren, Raven, Kelly, Shea, Ga,rt­land· and "Whirl wind" Pedro Zorilla,. The Juniors:' bagkethwll sehson just clos,ed wais a successful one. They 1net clefea,t at the ·-hands of -Paln1er Parks; a,t Chicago, and though defeated put up a lightning exhibition. They were treated ro()rally and wish to tha,nk the Pahne:r tean1 for the spre:ad and splendid spirjt .sho-wn. They closed the sea,son by defeating the H!an1-

~- '

ilton Pa~rks 24-17. ·

'r'HE', MINI:MtS. The l\!Iinims harve jus~t comp,leted their best basketball

. year. l\!Ieeting1 only one defe1a1t .and that att the ha,ncls of' a .f teaJn o,f giants. They have defe-a,tecl the best fives 'Ohiea.go and Jl\. surrounding~ to-wns could produce. T'he P'a,lm·er Pwrks., the ~-~ - best tean'1 of its size in Ohic-a,g·o was clowned' a, second. time: ·on ~ 'iVa~shington's bi'rthda.y, in an overthne contest, 19-18, givin~ _i{ the Minhn·s a: deftr title to the 90 pound championship of the ~·', 1net:ropolis. T1he :M.ininliS: also d'elfeated' H.a:n1ilton Pa1rk tvirice

,,~? by scores of 18-12 and 30-14. And on Ma,rc:h 12 they ended ;~, their cha,in of victor,ies by defea,ting St. l\tfels. 33-14. The ·jf~ eredit for building such ru ·wonderful little n1a:c:hine goes to

·.t1:· Bro. St. Aubin who in season and out of season is always -~~-

. ·~;· working in the l\!I:inin1',s interest. He posses£.es1 the happy

r·:1?; ~~ ' ~~.h.· ~>1,.~ ~l·r

254 THEi' VIATO.RIAN

fa~culty of producing winners in every line of $.thletic endea­vor. N a 1na.tter how light the foo-t baH squad, ho\v sm.all the ba!Sket shooters : or how p_~s:eourruging the brus·ebaH prospect.s, yetl there .~hva;ys comesi ·forth a . ehampion team. ' rrhe Minims are a credit to athleties .a1t ,8t. Virutor's a rnd will ahva.ys: reinain so as long a tS their eoa;ch is with them. Besides the fi;r'Srt _squad the Minimg had ru leaigue amd 1nailly thrilling gan1e:s were pulled off. A banquet wa.s tendored the M1nilns by the league a1nd it will .suffiee to s:a1y tb,a,t all enjoyed the banquet as, much a;s the league rwce, a.nd tha,~ is S•a.ying a whole lot. The re­.sul t woa.s :

W. L . Pet. Dillon ........ ....... 11 6 .647 Hoyle : .............. 8 7 .533 :K!ane •.......•..•..• 9 8 .529 Loyd . . ... .. ... ...... 4 11 .266

The MiniJ.ns b1~0rught their succ:ess.ful ba.sketha,ll season to a · fitting close with a1 nice little banquet in their own ree­reartion ha.ll, during1 which an the ba.ttles of their busy seas:o·n were foru:g~ht aU over aigain. Rev. Bi··o. St. Aubin, G. S. V., presided aJnd cailled on the captains of ail the leag11e t.eams to speak. Fitzgerrarld, cavtain of the first team related ho1w it \Vats through the untiring efforts of their co:a,ch, Bro. St. Aubin that they had annexed: the cha:1n-pionsthip of Cook and Kankakee counties. G. Kane, J\1. Dillon, Lloyd a·nd Boyle a:ll re:Viewed the sueces1s of the b:a1sketba.ll league and tendered their thanks to Bro. St. Aubin for his never faHing inter est a:nd untiring eff.orts in their behatlf. JVlr. John Kissane wh\} vva;s pres;ent as an honored guest told how the coUeg-e tean1' won the srt.ate cha:m.pd.ons:hip by defeating Millikin. Rev. W. R;emillard, 0. S. V., Rev. J. MaguiJ>e, C. S. V., R.ev. J. V .

. R.heam~s and V. R·ev. J. P. 0'1\fahone~ als1o spoke, Fa,ther 0 ":i\1:ahoney's remarks bringing a most enjoya:ble €-'Vening to a close.

THRIU A! KNOTH'OLEL r.Dhere remains hut one more baiSkethall c01ntest for the

Varsity. On Ma1rch 13 they will journey to Decatur and battle with the_ charn:piocn; Millikin University five. MiHikin has just won the state title by defea.ting the fa!S~test coUeges1 in the state, and a1 victory for the Vatr~sity " rill cerbadnly mean the '

' /

..

THE1 VIAT'ORJAN 255

. champions.hip. The team is in the best of condition and f1~om their past shawjng~ should send Milli_kin into the second cahin.

The return of "Bert" 0" Connell ha·~ grea.tly ·strengthened the ba,s.eball squa.ld. Bert's' pitching. a1r1n is in good sha.pe and it will be a ~~ource of much joy to' see the 1nighty stickers of Notre DaJne, Mrurqu1ertrte,. Arkans1as1 a.ndi othe:r:s . take three hea,Ithy whiffs art the circun1a1nb~ent ath1nosphere with "A'lb" twirling his "nlyst;ery" baH.

You will have to hand i-t· to the Philosophers. Beside:S be:lng the elite of the college ws regards .s.tudent activities, they now daihn. the prowe:SJs in athletjic events. Two clas-s teams had the a.uda.ei(y to dis,pute the,ir baislce:thaH champion­ship a.nd met with dire re,sults. The Philosopl).ers, took the Forurth High into carmp 38-18 · andJ trounced the Sophon1ore,s, 47-13.. No othe'r cla,s.s~ ha,s com.e for:th with a chaUenge a,n:d the ·Philosophers'. are still undefeated. · ·

T'wo more Vai:J:'S'ity baseba.ll s~tars. ha,ve follo·wed "Eddie·" Sta,ck to the south. "AI" M'cCatrthy, the dashing short,s,top of 08-09 left to joon the Pira,tes. · ''Al" had a, very suceessful sea.­so:QJ with South Blend la,st .yea,r and Pitt.sburg ivast inde,ed fo·r­tunat.e to land him . . "Louie'' Ba.chant has· a]S'o left· to join Des Moip.es, wher:e for the lru~t two s:u.mttners1 he! haSJ don~: herroic work T1o both we wish evety success 'and a;re ·confident they will uphold Alma: Mart:er! <)1n the cliatinorid. .

• I

. Never were ,there two 1n.ore excitin~ basketball c-ontests thati thos:e betwee1n the· "Thi1~d\ O~rridor AH Sta;rs" and: the . "Sem.s." After tw:o 'fu:ritNJJS< and hO.tly ba,ttled struggles: the "Sem1s" su.ccumbed to the "All Strursr' 34-14 a.nd 14"11. dap~ tain "Shot" Flynn for the victors1 c~·rtainly deserved the hon­()r conferred upon him. of the capta;incy and also the title o.f "shot" for his work in both gwmes. '\Jta~l little short of s.ensa­tiona.I. Bes.ides1 pivoting the te~aJn he short from aill angles: of the floor, hi,s. counters eoming art. crucial n1on1ents, and s.tay­ing defea.t. Sammon at gt!.·a:rd was. a: whirlwind, ·pia~ing a speedy, yet gentle game · a,lll:cr keeving . h1s ·opponent .s:cor'eless. The whole teatm\ worked :as 8J unit and linen p as follO'\V.SI : Ber­gan and Quille, forwa1rds.; ,Flynn, center; Kenny and Sanl­mon, guards.

The bas:ebaU diamond is being put into the best of eon-

\

256

dition Q'Y Mgr. Cle,UJry. The spirit of helpfulness which th.e students a1re. shorvving, sp·eaks much for the .succes·s of t.his year'.s tean1. ·T!he team is light and' must have backers: to

·· help' in the victories.

Unless .ru little n1.ore interes.t is, ma1nifes:ted in track, ath­letics, St. Viator, wiH haiVe to go without' a represe:nt,wtive team this spring. Tra1ck a,thletics. arre just at81 essentiaJ. to aJ.

college as o~ther sport:s1, and there is .no reas.on why St. Viator should not eoccel in tb.i,s1 .s1port... There is: su~rely plenty of ma,­teriaJ., aiildi the faiculties are unexcelled, · yet it see,m.s tha.t nothing of real: worth is arceompUshed. · It is up' to the stu- . dents to push this matter~ Show 3J little .spir~t, take the in­itia,tive, and~ let 1911 be the first yea.r of a track team.

The curtain iS' sh:}w1y. lorwering on the .scene of the basket­barV srtrife,SI and· s~tuggles'. But one more game remains. T:rue it is tha,t this year's, quintet, was the best thart ever was in a,c­tian atb St. Viator. ''fhis yea:r's · argg;regation fa;r excelled ba,sketbaH teams of formelr darysr. They are deserving of the greatest praise, and! will a ilways be remembered. But what wa:s it tha.t made this' team of such a lofty calibre? The an­S'w·e~r might, be found' in n1Hny thing'~s, but the best ans,wer is

· "T'he Scrubs." It was the "Scrubs?' that made this five the best ever at the colleg:e: Tlhey harve worked every .. evening, ta1dng .their hard knQleks, eocerting thems1eJves,, srtaying a~wa:y from study and pleasure, and fO'r w hart?' They are .not patted on the ba,ck, nor do their namers appeatr in big type as sta,rs, no mon01gramed · swe{lter coats adorn their per$;on, · t,hey a~re soon forgo1tten; their only reward is. in the Va1rsity's victor­ieK It is the "S.eru,bs" who d:ese·rve praise, they aJ:"e the ones who s'h0ruid be lauded, they a,re the Olll·e!S' for whon1 nine rahs and a tiger should be emitted. "Honor to the S.c-ruhs !"

~- . , . .

. I

- - .

. I ~

. ~·

' ~~ . ~

'

,J,

,.

'

.. \'

:.i .J,-·'

• J

:.; .,

I

, ,, r' . ! ' ·\

THE VIATORIAN

, 'fH:Ej SPINE!L,EISS ,M'AN.

He :r-oams the world 'with hunted' look, With wandering] step a1udJ actioflll;

I.s neut.r-a,l when he's' brou~ht. to book-'T1aik.es sides with neither faictio:q. . .

He quite agree'S the day is fine, · . Or, ·should yoUJ sug:ges~t the br:e1eze B-espeaksi the touch of · .A!rctlk · c11me,

He readily agT·ees:.

H:ers jus,-tJ too late, when frvnl his1 d·09F' R.e,luctant to depa~rt,

"Opportunity," with gifts: galore Seeks: out a .stouter hewrt.

, . !

He sadly heeds: ru jolt, or shock Frpm au elec~·ric buzzer .

. fie fe:a,rs he ma,y be a "ha,sl been," But in truth's a "neve1r was:seil~." ,

-Robert Ross. ___ __.,:~---,..--

LOCALS

-"Well Sir!"

-The t01p 01f the ml0irn:i:n1gl t:o you.!

-' Tlis! ·w:eill, herwalre of t.hel ide1s !

' 257

. '

-"My lord, al ploitl h.a1s· been fo1rU11ed' to ba,ffie your extren1e highnesJS !''-"vV:ould' that it wer:e not tru·e1 !"

-"B;o.n' Bos:co, I cong;ri{Ltularte you!"

- (Joe, :aill ,.excit,edl) -"Look at thwtJ s:igm, H .. 0., S'h.a:ve 15e !" "Ge1e, COline oiJlJ Jakel!"

-"AJ golold1ly; tfm:el had 've1, had Vire"-'\'\re, we!

-Peevy-. G·ete, I'm hot, Redi! Red-B'etJter loiok out, for the1 sp-ring~ fever.

258 ·THEI 'VIATORIAN

-"You're my friend aiini t you Frank ?-Say halVe you got amyt~ing, to: eart ?''

- (Another, on the 11th) -Oih, Frank! - Oan.-I have a piece of ribbon, I' 11 pa;y yoiUJ baJek?

-8011-Horw d'OI yoru! telephone, f01r iee-warter? J oe--ClaH the gu~ up, i~s the best way !

-"Meet me falce to faC'e''-Tbm.

-Wanted !-"Nillle huskE?, . stalwa1rt .am;d. experienced, for my orioles''-Ooach' F'lynn.

-Oh, Brother! "I'm arwfill sick 'F' "'Can I g~et the morning parpell'l?''

-T. G.-"Say John, 1do; they chaJrge -e.,~t.rw ~o .sleep o;ver, here?"

J. B. K.-"Yes, they· do, if you .sleep over nigpt.

-''Altoisrt''-"I can read: the n01tes, but ho~v do you get the sound?''

- ·The followin~ tea1r-stained. 1nasterpiece was found on the 1\!Iinim's. camp~JJSI : . , .

"Alas! Poor thing he's' gone! No ba1rks1, no:v h:orw1s: he sig1l'd; But left us., noble son, Ill! pe,ace, may he ail)1de. Now th1s is all tod1a:y, And read it e!V'ry • one, 'M.ona,rch 'vilir dog Mona::t:·ch H·e'.s ·left, for kingdoin eorne' .. ''

- Since spring ha1s made her; 3,ippearance the· editoTial sanc-

> '

tum ha!Si been overflowing witih poertic utterances, hence this: ; "A fishy oldJ P,.sher named' ·Fisicher F1shed :fish from: the edge o:f a/ fis:sure, But a1 c:od, with a1 grin, ~ Pulled this :fishermari1 in, Now we're :fis:hi:r;tg the :fissure for Fis1cher."

"Fish."

~·-< '

' I

!'{- :-r ' ,.

TH;El VIATORIAN 259

' - · 8eDJ1or-. . "Whait/ miakes the trele'SI so dry. this yeaT'?''

Milllim-· "Cian?ij yoiUJ s:ee1, aill the s1a1p1 we got ?n

"""'--'--;----+-~--

New Boollrs1.

"Hullltin@ bw '-'Moonlight"---,By T. Q. Il. ·with illustra~tions by F. M 1

•

"H·ow to: getJ orurb of a bald! hole" 01~ "Looking through Doug!hn:uts''-BJ!I If . P . . K , , , .

.. , '

· "He:ld 'up· a~'d a:imos~t r01bbed"-. By. H. :P·.· K. · Selling· at the rerm:arkahle figu1r1er ~·f tert C'~!fts~

. ''F1i'v~ y~~a~s in Pla1ri~' ~or . "Hlorw to inalsrter the French langiuage.''-By R:. J. O.'L.

"As I .saiW It"-By ~. S.to1rr', with illp,stra~tionsl from vr. • • • , ~ , - . r • • . , , ,

~v. ••

,• ' <,

. ' ~ :

), ' . ' / ',._, ';·. I ,'·j '

~ j ' : I · . ..

J . · I ,' _J ··, 1 . ; ;'l

/ 'i .'· : ~ ~ '. t '. •

HOLY FAMILY ACADEMY Beaverville, Illinois

Boarding School, llig~ School and -Elementary Grades Prict! $15.00 Pt:r Month

Annex For ~ittle Boys Age 5 to 12 Years. Address Mother Superior