stabilized aggregate paving -...

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STABILIZEDAGGREGATEPAVING

PART1‐GENERAL

1.1 RELATEDDOCUMENTS

A. DrawingsandgeneralprovisionsoftheContract,includingGeneralandSupplementaryConditionsandDivision01SpecificationSections,applytothisSection.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. Sectionincludes:

1. generalspecificationsforproducingandplacingCrushedStonePavingbymixingaggregateandaggregatebinderatacentrallocation,spreading,andcompactingpavementmixturetospecifiedlinesandgrades.

CrushedStonePavingincludesoneormoreofthefollowingtypes:

1. ClassA–Roadways,parkinglots,andareassubjecttovehiculartraffic;2. ClassB–Cartpaths,walkways,andbikepathssubjecttolightmaintenancetraffic;3. ClassC–Walkingandbicyclepaths,subjecttopedestriantrafficonly.4. Class(X)–G5patching:shallbeofthesameclassasmaterialbeingpatched.

B. RelatedSections

1. Division01Section“SustainableDesignRequirements”2. Division31Section“Earthwork”3. Division32Section“MetalEdging”4. Division32Section“TurfandGrasses”5. Division32Section“ExteriorPlanting”

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Coarseaggregate:AggregateretainedontheNo.8sieve.

B. DrySeed:Fineaggregatesspreadovercuredsurfaceforloosetexture

C. LevelingCourse:Acourseofpavementofvariablethicknessusedtoeliminateirregularitiesinthecontourofanexistingsurfacepriortoplacingthesubsequentcourse.

D. Mixer:Apaddleorpugmilltypemachineapprovedbytheaggregatebindermanufacturerandcapableofcompletelymixingaggregatebinderandaggregatematerials.

E. JobMixFormula:Aprojectspecificformulaofaggregatesoraggregate/soilmixtureandaggregatebinderdevelopedbytheaggregatebindermanufacturerorapprovedlaboratory.

F. Fineaggregate:AggregatepassingtheNo.8sieve.

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G. Sieve:Anapparatusforlaboratoryworkinwhichtheopeningsofthemesharesquareforseparatingsizesofmaterial

H. Supplementalfineaggregate:Aggregatepassingtheno.30sieve.

I. WetSeed:Fineaggregatesspreadoverrecentlyplacedmaterialsandcompactedintolayerforthepurposeoftexturizingormodifyingsurfacefinish

1.4 GREENBUILDINGREQUIREMNTS

<DELETEIFNOTALEEDREGISTEREDPROJECT>A. Materials/productsshallcontainthemaximumamountofrecycledcontentallowedthat

retainsmaterialintegrity.

B. Preferenceshallbegiventomaterialsthataremanufactured,harvested,extracted,mined,quarried,etc.withina500mileradiusoftheprojectsite.

C. Includemanufacture’sproductdataindicatingseparatepercentages,byweight,ofpost‐consumerandpre‐consumerrecycledcontentforprojectshavingrecycledcontent.Includestatementindicatingmaterialcostsforproducts.

D. Indicatelocationofmanufacturingfacilityincludingname,addressanddistancebetweenmanufacturingfacilityandtheproposedsite.Providemanufacture’sdocumentationindicatinglocationwherethebasematerialswereextracted,mined,quarried,harvested,etc.andthedistancebetweenthislocationandtheprojectsite.Alsoincludematerialcosts,excludingcostofinstallation.

1.5 REFERENCESTANDARDS

A. ASTMC‐131–StandardTestMethodforResistancetoDegradationofSmall‐SizeCoarse

AggregatebyAbrasionandImpactintheLosAngelesMachine

B. ASTMC‐136‐StandardTestMethodforSieveAnalysisofFineandCoarseAggregates

C. ASTMC140‐StandardTestMethodsforSamplingandTestingConcreteMasonryUnitsand

RelatedUnits

D. ASTMD979‐StandardPracticeforSamplingBituminousPavingMixtures

E. ASTMD1188‐StandardTestMethodforBulkSpecificGravityandDensityofCompacted

BituminousMixturesUsingParaffin‐CoatedSpecimens

F. ASTMD2419‐StandardTestMethodforSandEquivalentValueofSoilsandFineAggregate

G. ASTMD2950‐StandardTestMethodforDensityofBituminousConcreteinPlaceby

NuclearMethods

H. ASTMD3549‐StandardTestMethodforThicknessorHeightofCompactedBituminous

PavingMixtureSpecimens

I. ASTMD3665‐StandardPracticeforRandomSamplingofConstructionMaterials

J. ASTMD3744‐StandardTestMethodforAggregateDurabilityIndex

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K. ASTMD5444‐StandardTestMethodforMechanicalSizeAnalysisofExtractedAggregate

L. ASTMD6307‐StandardTestMethodforAsphaltContentofHot‐MixAsphaltbyIgnition

Method

M. ASTMD6926‐StandardPracticeforPreparationofBituminousSpecimensUsingMarshall

Apparatus

N. ASTMD6931‐StandardTestMethodforIndirectTensile(IDT)StrengthofBituminous

Mixtures

1.6 SUBMITTALS

A. General:MakesubmittalsincompliancewithallprovisionsofDivision01pertainingtosubmittalsandqualityassurance.

B. Receiveapprovalpriortodeliveryorinstallation.

C. ProductData: Foreachtypeofproductindicated.Submitproductliteratureortearsheetsgivingnameofproduct,manufacturer'snameandcompliancewithSpecifications.Includetechnicaldataandtestedphysicalandperformanceproperties.

1. ApprovalbytheLandscapeArchitectofsubmittedproductdataorothersubmittalsdoesnotconstitutefinalacceptance.

2. ForBaseCourse,submitMaterialCertificationandAnalysisReport.RefertoandcomplywithrequirementsspecifiedinDivision31Section–“EarthMoving”asapplicable.

3. ForStabilizedAggregatePaving,submitMaterialCertificationandSieveAnalysisReport,indicatingcompliancewithspecifications.

4. MaterialSafetyDataSheets(MSDS)forallapplicableproducts,includingbinders.

D. SampleMockups

1. Atleast14daysbeforeintendedworksubmitatminimumthefollowing:2. ProductData:Foreachtypeofproductindicated,includetechnicaldataandtested

physicalandperformanceproperties.3. Job‐MixDesigns:ForeachjobmixproposedfortheWork.4. MaterialTestReports:Foreachpavingmaterial.5. MaterialCertificates:Foreachpavingmaterial,signedbyproviders.6. QualifiedInstallers:Includealistofcompletedprojectswithprojectnamesand

addresses,ownerscontactinformation,anddescriptionofplacementofstabilizedcourses.

E. Verificationsamples

1. Ifrequired,providetheengineerwithaminimumof6”x6”samplewiththe specifiedcolor,acceptedaggregates,andfinishofthecourse.Theengineerwill reviewthesamplewithin5daysofreceipt.Ifthesampleisnotapproved,submit additionalsamplesuntilaccepted.

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F. Fieldsamples/Mockups

1. Ifrequired,provideafieldsamplemockupaminimumof6’x6’usingtheintended aggregatesandconstructionmethodsfortheremainderoftheproject.Constructthe mockuponlyaftertheverificationsampleandjobmixformulahavebeenapproved bytheengineer. Perform slip testing (if required) on mockup in accordance with local standards.

2. Provideawrittenreporttotheengineeroutliningthemixingandconstructionmethodsusedduringconstructionofthemockup. Asaminimumprovidethe followinginformation:

a. Methodofproportioningaggregateandbindermaterial.b. Equipmentusedformixing.c. Mixingtime(afteradditionofallingredients)d. Timebetweenmixing,placement,andinitialandfinalcompaction.e. Determinethemaximumamountoftimebetweenmixingandplacementduringthemockup.

f. Placementofseeding(ifrequired).Providenamesofindividualsseedingandrate(s)used.

G. Constructthemockupontheprojectinalocationapprovedbytheengineer.Allowtheengineer7daystoreviewandacceptorrejectthecompletedmockup.Donotbeginworkuntilthemockuphasbeenaccepted.

H. ProductCertificates:Foreachkindofaccessory,frommanufacturer.

1. SubmitforeachmanufactureditemortreatmentofthisSectionorrequiredtocompleteStabilizedAggregatePavingwork.Includedescriptiveinformation,testreports,andotherdataofmanufacturer.(Submitproductliteratureortearsheetsgivingnameofproduct,manufacturer'snameandcompliancewithSpecifications.)

2. ForBaseCourse,submitmaterialCertificationandAnalysisReport.RefertoandcomplywithrequirementsspecifiedinSection0XXXX–SitePreparationasapprovedapplicable.

I. JOBMIXFORMULA

1. For each class designation specified in the bid schedule, provide combinations ofgranular or granular/soil mixtures as applicable. Perform all required sourceaggregatequalitytestingpriortosubmissionofmaterialforJobMixFormula(JMF).

2. Submit a150 lb. sampleof theproposedaggregatesoraggregate/soilmixturesatleast2weekspriortomockuporconstructionwhicheverisapplicable,toaggregatebindermanufacturerorapprovedaccreditedmaterialslaboratory.

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3. Allow two weeks for suitability evaluation of proposed aggregate material. Theresulting m i x t u r e ( s ) s h a l l b e c om e t h e J ob JMF(s) for the project andshallconformtothefollowingtable:

Mixdesignation ClassA ClassB ClassCMaterialtypeandgradation(table2) A‐C A‐D A‐DSandEquivalent(min.)ASTMD2419 45 35 30DurabilityIndex(min.)ASTMD3744 45 35 35LosAngelesAbrasion(max.)ASTMC131

45 50 50

DryTensileStrength(PSI,min.)ASTMD6931

325 225 125

CompressiveStrength(PSI,min)ASTMC140

2000 1500 1000

MoistureDensityRelationship‐ASTMD1557

Determineoptimummoisturecontentofaggregatemixture*

*Thedeterminationofoptimummoisturecontentshallbeonlyforidentifyingthemaximumamountofmoisturepermissibleduringmixingandplacement.Moistureinaggregateoraggregate/soilmixturesshallbelimitedto10%oftheoptimummoistureatthetimeofmixing.Donotaddwatertodrymaterialwhenlessthan10%ofoptimummoistureisobservedinaggregates.

4. IfplansrequirethefinalsurfacetoincludeseedingprovideintheJMFanotationregardingseedmaterial.Theseedisnotrequiredtobeincludedinsamplesfortensileorcompressivestrength.

1.7 QUALITYCONTROLANDASSURANCE

A. ManufacturerQualifications:engageafirmexperiencedinmanufacturingstabilizedaggregatepavementaggregatebindersimilartothatindicatedforthisprojectandwitharecordofsuccessfulin‐serviceperformance.

B. InstallerQualifications:engageanexperiencedinstallerwhohassuccessfullycompletedpavingsimilarinmaterial,design,andextenttothatindicatedforthisprojectandwitharecordofsuccessfulin‐serviceperformance.TheinstallermusthavecompletedtrainingthroughTechniSoilandreceivedacertificateofproficiencypriortoproductiononsite.

C. TechnicalRepresentative:Ifrequested,provideatechnicalrepresentativefromTechniSoilIndustrialonsiteforthefirstdayofplacement.Providetheengineerwiththecontactinformationofthetechnicalrepresentativepriortobeginningconstruction.Providethetechnicalrepresentativeonsitewithintwodaysifdirectedbytheengineerorowner’srepresentative.

D. Pre‐InstallationConference:Beforebeginningpavingwork,scheduleandconductameetingatthesitetoreviewthefieldconstructedmockups,theContractDocuments,theapprovedsubmittalsandothermatterspertinenttotheparticularinstallation.PresentwillbetheLandscapeArchitect,theOwner’sRepresentative,theContractor,theinstaller,the

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installer'sfieldforemanandmanufacturer'srepresentative.InformtheLandscapeArchitectten(10)businessdaysinadvanceofthescheduledmeetingtime.

E. TestingAgency:[Owner][Contractor]willengageaqualifiedindependenttestingandinspectingagencytoperformfieldtestsandinspectionsandtopreparetestreports.

F. Testingagencywillconductandinterprettestsandstateineachreportwhethertestedworkcomplieswithordeviatesfromprojectrequirements.

G. Additionaltestingandinspecting,atContractor’sexpense,willbeperformedtodeterminecompliancewithspecifiedrequirements.

H. NotifytheEngineerandtestingandinspectionagencynot lessthan48hoursinadvanceofallworkrequiringtestingorinspection.

I. Minimumtestingtobeperformedshallbe:

1. Thickness:In‐placecompactedthicknessofG5pavingcourseswillbedeterminedaccordingtoASTMD3459.Onesampleshallbetakenforeach10,000squarefeetofpaving.

2. SurfaceSmoothness:FinishedsurfaceofeachG5pavingcoursewillbetestedforcompliancewithsmoothnesstolerances.

3. Sampling:Testingagencywilltakesamplesofun‐compactedpavingmixturesandcompactedpavementaccordingtoASTMD979andASTMD5361,respectively.

4. MaximumDensity:ForeachJMFandeach5daysofpavingequalorlessthan2500tons,Testingagencyshallobtainasamplenolessthan50lbs.fordeterminationofmaximumdensityaccordingtoASTMD6926.Thesampleshallbepreparedfortestingandthreesamplesshallbecompactedwith50blowsusingaMarshallapparatus.ThemaximumdensityshallbebasedoncompactedsamplesweighedinaccordancewithASTMD1188.

5. Fielddensityofin‐placecompactedpavementmayalsobedeterminedbynuclearmethodusingtestmethodASTMD2950.Aminimumofthreetestsitesforeach1000squarefeetshallbetakenatrandomlocationsdeterminedinaccordancewithASTMD3665.

6. G5ContentandGradation.Testingagencywilltakesampleofun‐compactedpavingmixturesataminimumfrequencyofevery1,000tonsor1perpavingday,whicheverisgreater.BindercontentshallbedeterminedbyignitionmethodfollowingtheproceduresinASTMD6307(includingaggregatecorrectionfactor).GradationshallbedeterminedinaccordancewithASTMD5444.

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7. RemoveandreplaceorinstalladditionalG5Mixwheretestresultsormeasurementsindicatethatitdoesnotcomplywithspecifiedrequirementsofthissection.

1.8 REGULATORYREQUIREMENTS

A. Complywithallrules,regulations,lawsandordinancesoflocal,stateandfederalauthoritieshavingjurisdiction.Providelabor,materials,equipmentandservicesnecessarytomakeWorkcomplywithsuchrequirementswithoutadditionalcosttoOwner.

B. Investigatetheconditionsofpublicthoroughfaresandroadsastoavailability,clearances,loads,limits,restrictions,andotherlimitationsaffectingtransportationtoandingressandegressatthesite.Conformtoallgovernmentalregulationsregardingthetransportationofmaterialsandsecureinadvanceallnecessarypermits.

1.9 DELIVERYANDSTORAGE

A. PackagedMaterials:Deliverpackagedmaterialsinclearlymarkedcontainersshowingnetweight,guaranteedanalysisandnameofmanufacturer.Specifiedrequirementsforpackagedmaterialsapplytobulkshipments.Protectmaterialsfromdeteriorationbymoistureandtemperatureduringdeliveryandduringstorageatsite.Protectliquidcomponentsfromfreezing.

B. Protectallstoredmaterialsanditemsfromweather,carelesshandling,andvandalism.Repairorreplacedamageditems,asdeterminedbytheLandscapeArchitect.

C. Deliver,store,handleandprotectaggregateandstabilizermaterialwithprovisionfordrainageandintrusionofdirt,debris,orotherforeignmatter.

D. StoreStabilizedAggregatePavingmaterialundercovertopreventaccumulationofmoistureuntilplaced.

1.10 PROJECTCONDITIONS

A. ExistingConditions

1. Carefullyexaminethesitebeforesubmittingabid.BeinformedastothenatureandlocationoftheWork,generalandlocalconditionsincludingclimate,adjacentpropertiesandutilities,conformationsoftheground,thenatureofsubsurfaceconditions,thecharacterofequipmentandfacilitiesneededpriortoandduringexecutionoftheWork.

2. Beawareofandcomplywithrestrictionsregardingsubsurfaceutilitiesandsubterraneanstructures,includingexcavationandloadingparameters.

3. ShouldtheContractor,inthecourseofWork,findanydiscrepanciesbetweenDrawingsandphysicalconditionsoranyomissionsorerrorsinDrawings,orinlayoutasfurnishedbytheLandscapeArchitect,itwillbehisdutytoinformtheLandscape

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Architectimmediatelyinwritingforclarification.Workdoneaftersuchdiscovery,unlessauthorizedbytheLandscapeArchitect,isattheContractor’srisk.

B. WorkProtectionRequirements–

1. Provideweatherprotectionduringentiretimeofplacementofpavingsystem.Maintainprotectionoverentireareasstorageandworkareastomaintainspecifiedmoisturelevels,preventwindorraindisturbanceofsettingmaterials,protectfromrun‐offfromadjacentareas,andgenerallymaintainoptimuminstallationconditions.

2. Contractorisresponsibleformeansandmethodsforsuchprotection,includingphysicalcover,worksequencingandschedulingandothermansofprotections,ascontractordeemsappropriate.

C. EnvironmentalRequirements

1. Preventwindorraindisturbanceofsettingmaterials,protectfromsheetflowfromadjacentareas,andgenerallymaintainoptimuminstallationconditions.

2. DonotinstallStabilizedAggregatePavinginconditionsofstandingwater.

3. ColdWeatherProtection:

a. Donotusefrozenmaterialsormaterialsmixedorcoatedwithiceorfrost.Donotbuildonfrozensub‐gradeorsettingbeds.

b. Temperature:DonotplaceStabilizedAggregatePavingwhentheambienttemperatureisbelow40degreesF.,orwhenthereisfrostinthebasecourse,oranyothertimewhenweatherconditionsareunsuitableforthetypeofmaterialbeingplaced.

c. RemoveandreplaceStabilizedAggregatePavingworkdamagedbyfrostorfreezing.

1.11 COORDINATIONANDSCHEDULING

A. Cooperate with other trades and arrange scheduling to avoid damage to other work,including grading, site utilities and piping, exterior concrete, landscaping and irrigationsystems.

B. Before commencing pavement operations, ascertain that utility lines, site lighting andwiring,piping,curbandgutterwork,generalgradingandheavytruckingiscompletesothatsuchoperationswillnotdamagepavingwork

C. Mask off and protect exposed building surfaces and abutting concrete from damage orstainingbypavingoperations.

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PART2‐PRODUCTS

2.1 BASECOURSEMATERIALS

A. Provideaggregatemixtureforaggregatebase.AggregatematerialsshallmeettherequirementsinSection703.05(a)oftheStandardSpecificationsforConstructionofRoadsandBridgesonFederalHighwayProjectsFP‐03.Alternaterequirementsforaggregatebasefoundinlocalroadconstructionstandardsmaybeusedwhenrequestedandapprovedinwritingtotheengineer.

2.2 STABILIZEDAGGREGATES

A. Providehard,durableparticlesofaggregatesmeetingtherequirementsforthespecifiedclass,color,andsize.Usematerialsandgradationsthathaveperformedsatisfactorilyinpreviousinstallationsmeetingtherequirementsofthesespecifications,andincompliancewiththesizeandsieverequirementsofTable2GradingXX(SPECIFYTHESIZEOFMATERIAL).

B. SeedingMaterial–Provideseedmaterialfortherequiredfinishasspecifiedordirectedbytheengineerandasusedinsample(s)preparedandmockup(s)completed.

C. AggregateBinder–Providealiquidaggregatebinderthatwhenmixedwithaggregatesasspecified,meetstherequirementsoftheJobMixFormula.ThebasisoftheliquidbindershallbeTechniSoilIndustrialG5.

TechniSoilIndustrial,llc.5660WestsideRoadRedding,CA96001

PART3‐EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Verifytheconditions,elevations,andmeasurementsaffectingtheworkofthisSectionpriortoinstallation.Examinesurfacestoreceivestoneworkanddonotproceeduntilanydefectsdetrimentaltothefinishedworkarecorrected.NotifytheLandscapeArchitectinwritingofconditionsdetrimental topropercompletionofWork.Startingworkmeansacceptanceofexistingconditions.

B. Do not begin stabilized aggregate pavingwork until unsatisfactory conditions have beencorrectedandsubstrateisreadytoreceivepaving.

C. Proof roll prepared subgrade surface to check for unstable areas and areas requiringadditional compaction. Compact subgrade under paving systems to a minimum 95%modifiedProctordensityASTMD1557.

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D. Examinetheworksiteandlocationsofthework,generalandlocalconditionsincludingclimate, adjacent properties and potential conflict utilities, subsurface conditions, andequipmentandfacilitiesneededpriortoandduringtheexecutionofthework.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Ensurealltestingdensityrequiredbycontractforthesubgradeand/orsubbasematerialhasbeenperformedandmeetsthecontractspecifications.Proof‐rollsubbaseusingheavyrollersorequipmenttolocateareasthatareunstableorthatrequirefurthercompaction.

B. Scarify, re‐grade and re‐compact surface of subgrade that is pumping or deforming asrequired to provide true levels, uniform slopes and proper total thickness of pavingrequired.

C. Removeanddisposeofanyunsuitablematerialencounteredinareastobepaved.

D. Removeloosematerialfromcompactedsub‐gradesurfaceandshapeandtrimcompactedsub‐gradeforcorrectdrainageslopes.

E. HerbicideTreatment:Applychemicalweedcontrolagentinstrictcompliancewithmanufacturer'srecommendeddosagesandapplicationinstructions.Applytocompacted,dry,subgradepriortoapplicationofaggregatebasecourse.

F. Installstabilizedsurfaceduringdryconditionsnoearlierthan48hoursafterrainfallandnosoonerthan18hourspriortorainfall.Temperaturemustbeatleast40degreesandrising.

3.3 INSTALLATION

A. BaseCourse

1. Constructcrushedaggregatebasecoursetocompactedthicknessasshownonthedrawingsatnotlessthan95%ofmaximumdrydensityasdeterminedbyASTMD1557.

2. FieldQualityControl:OwnershallengageandpayfortheservicesofaqualifiedsoilsTestingLaboratory/AgencytoperformtestingandinspectionsofBaseCoursematerialandinstallations.

B. StabilizedAggregateInstallation

1. General: Immediately before placing G5 materials, remove loose and deleteriousmaterialfromsubstratesurfaces.Ensurethatpreparedsubgradeisreadytoreceivepaving.

2. Aggregates:

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a. AggregatesusedforconstructionshallberepresentativeofmaterialapprovedintheJobMixFormula.Stockpilesshallbeuniformingradationthroughoutandbekeptseparateofothertypesofmaterial.

b. Avoidcrosscontaminationfromothermaterialsandsources.

c. Themoisturecontentoftheaggregatesshallbeuniformandnotexceed25%oftheoptimummoisturecontentasdeterminedbyASTMD1557.Innocaseshallaggregatescontainingvisiblewaterbeusedforconstruction.

3. Mixing:

a. Stabilizedaggregatebinderandaggregatesshallbemechanicallymixedinapan,paddle,orpug‐milltypemixer.

b. Aggregatesandbindermaterialshallbeweighedandbatchedaccordingtothemixdesignormanufacturesinstruction.

c. Mixingshallcontinueuntilmixtureishomogeneousanallaggregateparticlesareuniformlycoated.Innocaseshallmixingbelessthan3minutesafterthefinaladditionofallingredients.ThesizeofthemixershallconformtoTable1.

d. Binderandaggregatesmaybemixedonacontinuousbasisprovidedmixingcomplieswiththefollowing:

1. Provideacontinuousmixingchamberorpug‐millmixingmachineaspartofthecontinuousmixingprocesswithacomputerizedflowcontrolbasedonabeltscaleormicroprocessor.

2. Equipthemixingchamberorpugmillwithpaddlesorothersuitablemixingdevicearrangedtomixtheaggregatesandbinderproducingahomogeneousmixture.

3. Aggregatesarefedfromthepickupequipmenttothemixeratauniformandcontrolledrate.

4. Useamassflow,Corioliseffecttypemeterorequivalentwithavisiblereadoutdisplay.

Table1Pavedwidth < 6’ 6’‐10’ >10’

Minimumratedmixercapacity

700lbs. 2200lbs. 5500 .

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e. Mixingofbinderandaggregatematerialsshallbesufficientastopromotethepavingequipmentorhandplacementtooperateinacontinuousmanner.

f. Delaybetweendischargefromthemixingunittoinitialcompactionshallbecontrolledandnotexceed40minutesunlessspecificallyinstructedbythebindermanufacturerbasedontestingoftheproposedjobmixformula.

4. MachinePlacement

a. Useaself‐propelledpavingunitcapableofreceivingmaterialdirectlyintoahopper,transferringmaterialtoascreedandstrikingoffthematerial.

b. Placemixturewithinthetimelimitsestablishedduringthemockup.

c. MachineplaceG5mixonpreparedsurface,spreaduniformly,andstrikeoff.PlaceG5mix by hand to areas inaccessible to equipment in a manner that preventssegregationofmix.

d. Placeeachcoursetorequiredgrade,crosssection,andthicknesswhencompacted.

e. Place G5mixes surface course in singleormultiple lifts.Themaximumcompactedlift thickness shall be 4.5inches.

f. Beginapplyingmixalongcenterlineofcrownforcrownedsectionsandonhighsideofone‐wayslopes,unlessotherwisedirectedbytheengineer.

g. Regulate paver machine speed to obtain smooth, continuous surface free of pullsandtearsinG5‐pavingmat.

h. Placepavinginconsecutivestripsnotlessthan8feet(2.4m)wideunlessinfilledgestripsofalesserwidtharerequired.

i. Afterfirststriphasbeenplacedandrolled,placesucceedingstripsandextendrollingtooverlappreviousstrips.

j. Promptlycorrect surface irregularitiesin pavingcoursebehind paver. Use suitablehandtoolstoremoveexcessmaterialforminghighspots.

k. Filldepressions withG5 pavingtopreventsegregationofmix;usesuitablehandtoolstosmoothsurface.

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l. Donotbroadcastmaterialsacrosstheplacedcoursepriortocompaction.Removeanyloosecoarseaggregatepriortocompaction.Thisdoesnotincludeseedingaggregatewhenintendedforembedmentintosurface.

m. Ifinterruptionsgreater15minutesareexpectedwhenplacingmultiplepanels,donotuse‘hotlap’constructionmethods.Edgesmustbecompactedduringtheplacementofmaterial.

n. Donotallowmaterialtoaccumulat e i n c o r n e r s o f t h e p a v i n g m a chinehopper, screed extensions, ormain screed. Caremustbe taken to ensurematerialbatchesusedintheorder theyarebatchedandreceivedbypavingmachine.

5. HandPlacement

a. DonotplacelayersofG5pavinginunrestrainedareaswiderthan5’unlessapprovedbytheengineer,owner’srepresentative,orTechnisoilIndustrial.

b. Placeaggregatemixtureinsideedgerestraintsonapreparedsub‐base.Levelmaterialtoaheightthatwhencompactedtoproperdensitytheliftthicknessandgrademeettheplansandspecificationsforslope.

c. Levelmaterialbyeitherscreedboards,asphaltrake,orotherapprovedmethods.Careshallbetakentominimizemovementofmaterialonceinitiallyplaced.

d. Donotstepinorcompactmaterialpriortousingcompactionequipment.

e. Promptly correct surface irregularities inpaving coursebehindpaver.Use suitablehandtoolstoremoveexcessmaterialforminghighspots.

f. FilldepressionswithG5pavingtopreventsegregationofmix;usesuitablehandtoolstosmoothsurface.

g. Donotbroadcastmaterialsacross theplacedcourseprior tocompaction.Any loosecoarse aggregate sha l l be removed pr ior to compact ion . Th is does not includeseedingaggregate whenintendedforembedmentintosurface.

6. Compaction

a. Compact surface immediately after placement and strike off. Complete compaction ofmixturewithin20minutesof initialpasses.Ifadditionalcompactionisneededafter20minutes,donotusevibratoryequipment.

b. CompactG5pavingwithhandtampersorapprovedvibratory‐platecompactorsinareasinaccessibletorollers.

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c. Static roll G5 pavement with walk behind roller or ride on‐roller with two to threepasses. Startonefoot fromoutsideedgeworkingtowardscrownor fromlowerslopededge General: Begin compaction as soon as placed G5 paving will bear rollerweightwithoutexcessivedisplacement.Initialcompactionshallbefromlowertohigherslopededge.

d. Afterinitialcompactionpassiscompleted,rollerswithvibratorycapabilitiesmaybeusedtoachieverequiredcompaction.

e. Ifavibratoryrollerisusedduringfinishing,turnvibratoryoff.

f. DONOTusewaterasabondbreakerforrollingdrumsorvibratorplatecompactors.Either useintermittentcoatingsofabiodegradableoil,andorifrequired,onlyusefinematerials (‐#30meshorsimilar)fromthesamedesignorasapprovedforabondbreakerbetween compactionequipmentandG5pavementsurface.DONOTspreadfinesonun‐compacted material.Onepassmustbemadepriortospreadingbondbreakingfines.

g. Paving course shall be compacted to a density of 95% of the maximum density, determined according to ASTM D6926. Field density determination will be inaccordance withASTMD2950 (with core correlation).

h. Finish roll paved surfaces to remove roller marksandproduceasmoothsurfacewithuniformtexture.

i. Edge Shaping:Ifedgingisnotspecified,while surface is being compacted and finished,trim edges of pavement toproperalignment. BeveledgeswhileG5isun‐compacted;compactthoroughly.Ifrequired,beveledgesbetween30and45°.

3.4 JOINTS

A. Constructjointstoensureacontinuousbondbetweenadjoiningpavingsections.ConstructjointsfreeofdepressionswithsametextureandsmoothnessasothersectionsofG5paving.

B. Forpreviousdaysjointwhereextendingoradjoiningthelayer,provideoneofthefollowing:

1. Averticalsawcutjoint;

2. DuringplacementoffreshG5materials,aftercompactioncutbackorcompactededgebyhandtoa1:1slopeensuringcontinuitywiththelaneortransverseedge;

3. A1:1slopesawcut

C. CleancontactsurfacesandapplyliquidG5binderasatackcoatbetweenlayers.CareshallbetakentonotdropliquidG5onpreviousday’slayer.Immediatelyremoveandcleananyspills.

D. Offsetlongitudinaljoints,insuccessivecourses,aminimumof6inches(150mm).

E. Offsettransversejoints,insuccessivecourses,6to12inches(150‐300mm).

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3.5 CURING

A. Allowtimefortheplacedmaterialtocurebeforeallowingtraffictouse.Atminimumdonotallow pedestrian traffic for 24 hours. Traffic other than general pedestrian shall not beallowedontheG5pavementuntil72hoursafterplacement.

B. Duringthefirst24hoursprotectG5pavementfromspillsorirrigationoverspray.

C. Do not permit vehicular traffic on pavement until sufficient curing has occurred topreventdamagetolayer.

3.6 INSTALLATIONTOLERANCES

A. Thickness:Compact each course to produce the thickness indicated within thefollowingtolerances:

1. BaseCourse: Plusorminus¼inch(6mm).

2. SurfaceCourse: Plus¼inch(6mm),nominus.

B. SurfaceSmoothness:Compacteachcoursetoproduceasurfacesmoothnesswithinthefollowing tolerances as determined by using a 10‐foot (3‐m) straightedge appliedtransverselyorlongitudinallytopavedareas:

1. BaseCourse:¼‐inch(6mm).

2. SurfaceCourse: 3/16‐inch(5mm).

3. Crowned Surfaces: Test with crowned template centered and at right angle tocrown.

C. Correct areas failing smoothnessprior to final acceptance. Prior to correcting smoothnessobtainapprovalfromtheengineerforplannedcorrectivemethodsanddisposal.

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Table 2

*Alternative gradations may be used provided the results of the mixture are in compliance with the specification, and the sample/job mix formula is approved by TechniSoil prior to construction.

Aggregate Gradation for Crushed Stone Mixes* (A) 3/4” Minus Crushed Stone/Gravel Mix

Sieve Sizes Percent Passing 1” 100

3/4” 90 - 100

1/2” 70 - 90

No. 4 45 - 55

No. 8 32 - 40

No. 30 12 - 21

No. 200 3.0-7.0

(B) 1/2” Minus Crushed Stone/Gravel Mix

Sieve Sizes Percent Passing

3/4” 100

1/2” 95 - 99

3/8” 75 - 95

No. 4 55 - 66

No. 8 38 - 49

No. 30 15 - 27

No. 200 3.0-8.0

(C) 3/8” Minus Crushed Stone/Gravel Mix


1/2” 100

3/8” 95 - 100

No. 4 58 - 72

No. 8 34 - 48

No. 30 18 - 32

No. 200 3.0-9.0

(D) 1/4” Minus Crushed Stone, Gravel, Sand Mix


3/8” 100

No. 4 95 - 100

No. 8 72 - 77

No. 30 37 - 43

No. 200 3.0 – 9.0