stages of mitosis final project itp
DESCRIPTION
Stages of mitosis. Slides to accompany wikispaces class site.TRANSCRIPT
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Stages of Mitosis
Kimberly J. Luper B.S. M.S.
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Objectives
Distinguish the difference between mitosis and meiosis.
List the functions of mitosis
Define the mitotic phase.
Discuss and explain the four stages of mitosis.
Define cytokinesis.
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Mitosis v/s Meiosis
• Mitosis is the duplication of the chromosomes in the nucleus and their separation into two identical sets in the process of somatic (“of the body”) cell division.
• Meiosis is restricted to one purpose, the production of eggs and sperm.
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Functions of Mitosis
Growth of all tissues and organs after birth.
Replacement of cells that die.
Repair of damaged tissues.
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Mitotic Phase
The mitotic phase of the cell cycle consists of: Nuclear division
(mitosis)
Cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis) to form two identical cells.
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Four Stages of Mitosis
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Prophase
Prophase is actually divided into two steps:
1. Early prophase
2. Late prophase
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Early Prophase
Centrioles(two pairs) “Aster rays”
Nuclear envelope containingchromosomes.
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Late Prophases
Chromosome withtwo sisters chromatids
Centromere
Centrioles
Spindle fibers /microtubules
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Metaphase
Metaphase plate
Chromosomemicrotubules
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Anaphase
Daughter chromosomes
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Telophase
Cleavage furrow
Nuclear membranes
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Cytokinesis
Daughter cells
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Cytokinesis
Cytoplasmic division: contractile ring from cleavage furrow around the center of the cell, dividing cytoplasm into separate and equal portions.
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WHY?
Why is the mitotic phase or mitosis phase so important?
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WHY?
Cell division or mitosis helps the body to replace dead cells and repair damaged tissue.
(Paper cuts to major surgery)
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Check In
PMAT
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PMAT
1. Pro(before) phase: Chromatin fibers condense into paired chromatids; nucleus envelope disappears; each centrosome moves to an opposite pole of the cell.
2. Meta( after) phase: Centromeres of chromatid pairs line up at metaphase plate.
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PMAT
3. Ana(apart) phase: Centromeres split; identical sets of chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell.
4. Telo(end) phase: Nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear; chromosomes resume chromatin form; mitotic spindles disappear.
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References
Tortora, G.J. & Derrickson, B. (2012). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology (13th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Martini, F.H., Nath, J.L. (2012) Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (9th ed.). San Francisco, C.A. Pearson Education, Inc.