stalemate by 1917 both sides were fighting a defensive war neither could put together a massive...
TRANSCRIPT
StalemateStalemate
By 1917 both sides were fighting a defensive war
Neither could put together a massive attack
Trench warfare was wearing on the soldiers health and morale Mutinies in French, British, and German armies
Trench warfareTrench warfare
Russia exits warRussia exits war
Political problems in Russia People hate the Russian czar Russian revolution removes the czar
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed in 1918 to end the war between Russia and Germany Russia gives up a massive amount of land
Germany’s breakdownGermany’s breakdown
Failure at the 2nd battle of the Marne (July-August 1918) Turning point for allies
They began to have food shortages and soldiers were losing willingness to fight
ArmisticeArmistice
An armistice is an agreement between parties to stop fighting before a treaty is composed
Germany agrees to an armistice on November 11, 1918
The allies win (Great Britain, France, and the U.S.)
The central powers lose ( Germany, Belgium, Austria- Hungary)
Paris Peace ConferenceParis Peace Conference
Delegates from nations all over the world meet in Paris to negotiate the terms of the peace treaty
Russia and Germany were not invited to attend
Purpose of the conference was to negotiate a lasting peace to avoid a war of this magnitude from ever happening again
The Big 4The Big 41. The United States: represented by President Wilson
2. Great Britain: represented by Prime Minister David Lloyd George3. France: represented by Georges Clemenceau
4. Italy: represented by Vittorio Orlando
Goals of the Big 4Goals of the Big 4
France Security Revenge
Great Britain Balance of power Remove threat of
German navy
Italy Gain territory
United States Advocate Wilson’s
14 points Create League of
Nations
Wilson’s 14 points and Wilson’s 14 points and League of NationsLeague of Nations
An outline to maintain peace after WWI
Promote free trade
Promote freedom of the seas
No secret alliances
League of Nations will act as a
governing world body
Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
Signed on June 28, 1919
Germany was forced to pay allies $33 billion in reparations to the allies over 30 years
Germany was forced to take full responsibility for the war
Germany’s military is limited
Germany loses territory
Germany after the Treaty of Germany after the Treaty of VersaillesVersailles
Results of peace treatyResults of peace treaty
Germany, Russia, Italy, and Japan feel cheated by peace treaty
U.S. becomes more isolationist
Large reparations destroy German economy
The stage is set for WWII
WWI’s effects on TexasWWI’s effects on Texas
Soldiers were offered new experiences in Europe
Many were eager to find better lives after their serviec
Women helped with the war effort as nurses, factory workers, and farmers
Ranchers had prospered because Texans had produced products like cotton and wool for tents and uniforms for the military After the war cotton prices fell
Effects continued..Effects continued..
Texas was on it’s way to becoming an urban state
Many were moving away from the rural countryside
School attendance laws became more strict and there was greater enforcement of child labor laws Fewer children worked outside the home