standard of excellence - drakensberger sa course selection document.pdf · head and horns 10 10...
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Keuring / Selection
Standard of Excellence
This is the minimum standard for selection according to appearance and performance. The particular value of the Standard of Excellence in the development of the breed is easily recognised in the uniformity and general appearance of the Drakensberger.
Die Bou Van ‘n Bul / Build of a Bull
Onderkaak / Lower Jaw
Neusgate / Nostril
Neusspieël / Muzzle
Bek / Mouth
Kakebeen / Jaw
Gesig / FaceOog / Eye
Oogbank / Eyebrow
Voorkop / Forehead
Horing / HornKruin / Poll
Oor / Ear
Skof / Hump / crest
Bopunt van skouer-blaaie /Top of shoulder
Kambene / Chine
Nekstuk / NeckSkouerknop / Piont of shoulder
Keelvel / Dewlap
Elmboog / Elbow
Borsstuk / Brisket
Knie / Knee
Skeenbeen / Cannon Bone
Kootgewrig / PasternHoef / Hoof
Koot / Coronet
Duiwelskloutjies / Dew claws
Ribbes / Ribs
Buik / Belly
Lende / Lion Heupbeen /
Hook Bone
Kruisstuk / Rump
Stertwortel / Tailhead
Sitbeen / Pin Bone
Draaibeen/ Thrul - Hip joint
Buite Dye / Outer ThighKnie / Siftle
Lies / Flank
Waai van die been / Second Thigh
Binneboud & Spieël / Topside & Twist
Stert / Tail
Stertkwas / Brush / SwitchHakskeen / Hock
Skrotum / Scrotum
Skede / Sheath
Bolyn / Topline
Rug / Back
Middelstuk / BarrelAgterkwart / Hindquarter Voorkwart / Forequarter
Onderlyn / Underline
Hasellêer / Crops
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STANDARD of EXCELLENCE – Grading points
Bull CowGENERAL APPEARANCE 20 20
MASS AND SIZE FOR AGE 3 3
HEAD AND HORNS 10 10
NECK, HUMP AND DEWLAP 6 6
SHOULDERS, BRISKET, CHEST, RIBS AND BARREL 12 12
TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND TAIL 16 16
THIGHS, BREECH AND BUTTOCKS 12 10
LEGS, HOOVES AND BONE STRUCTURE 10 10
REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 8 10
SKIN AND HAIR 3 3
TOTAL 100 100
GENERAL APPEARANCE 20 POINTS
BULL◦ A black coloured, well-adapted meat animal with a
strikingly long and deep body◦ Elegant, masculine head, form of eyes and head,
curve and diameter of horns, placement of neck, shape of hump and shoulders, length of back and rump, coat colour and texture.◦ Long body, deep, wide with attractive top and
underline.◦ As is evident from a flexible, thick skin, hair coat
and texture, strong flat bone and full, uniform meat coating.
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Depth
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GENERAL APPEARANCE 20 POINTS
Female◦ A black coloured, well-adapted meat animal with a
strikingly long body.◦ Elegant, feminine head, form of eyes and head, curve
and diameter of horns, lean, refined neck and neat attachment and placement of shoulders, length of back and rump, coat colour and texture.◦ Long body, relatively deep, large barrel with
attractive top and underline.◦ A flexible, thick skin, hair coat and texture, strong
flat bone and full, uniform meat coating.
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MASS AND SIZE FOR AGE - 3POINTS Sufficient size and mass for age based on
performance test data
HEAD AND HORNS - 10 POINTS BULL◦ Strong and masculine head◦ Eyes large, alert and set wide apart, eye arches
fairly prominent.◦ Muzzle broad with large black nostrils, well
developed jaw.◦ DEHORNED ANIMALS AND NATURALLY
HORNLESS ANIMALS ARE ALLOWED
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HEAD AND HORNS - 10 POINTS Female◦ Feminine ◦ DEHORNED ANIMALS AND NATURALLY
HORNLESS ANIMALS ARE ALLOWED - UNDER SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS
NECK, HUMP AND DEWLAP 6 POINTS
BULL NECK◦ Fairly short and strong, broad and well fleshed
above, deep, blending well with head and shoulders.
HUMP◦ Large, flat and properly attached to shoulders.
DEWLAP◦ Uniformly and well developed. Stretching from
jaw to brisket.
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NECK, HUMP AND DEWLAP 6 POINTS
Female NECK◦ Fine, lean and feminine although strong and deep,
blending well with head and shoulders.
HUMP◦ Almost no hump.
DEWLAP◦ Uniformly and well developed. Stretching from jaw
to brisket.
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SHOULDERS, BRISKET, CHEST, RIBS AND BARREL - 12 POINTS
SHOULDER◦ Deep, well covered and evenly fleshed. Smoothly
attached to chine and ribs, not loose. Chine not prominent.
BRISKET and CHEST◦ Wide and fairly deep, not prominent.◦ Deep, wide and full in crops and well filled behind
elbow. RIBS and BARREL◦ Well sprung, rounded and deep with a well
developed barrel.
Kambene / Chine
Ribbes / Ribs
Buik / Belly
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TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND TAIL - 16 POINTS
TOPLINE◦ Good length, straight from chine to hips.
BACK◦ Strikingly long, wide and evenly fleshed.
LOIN◦ Broad, full and thickly fleshed, blending smoothly into back
and rump.
HIPS◦ Wide and well-covered but not too prominent.
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TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND TAIL - 16 POINTS
Rump◦ Well filled without fat accumulation, noticeably
long, wide between thurls, wide between pin bones. Good length between hip and pin bone, drooping slightly from hip to pin bone therefore slightly roof-like. Pelvic vertebrae not too prominent.
Tail◦ Setting rather high but not too prominent.
Medium thickness, course switch, long (reaching below hocks).
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Kruis lengte /Length of rump
Effense val in kruis
Sitbeen / Pin Bone
Draaibeen/ Thrul - Hip joint
Breed / Wide Smal / Narrow
THIGHS, BREECH AND BUTTOCKSBULL 12 POINTS – COW 10 POINTS
THIGHS◦ Broad, deep and long, stretching well down to
hocks. Not excessively rounded.
BREECH◦ Broad, deep and long, stretching well down to
hocks. Not excessively rounded.
BUTTOCKS◦ Deep and full.◦ Only for the bulls
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BR
OE
K L
AA
G A
F TO
T B
Y H
AK
KE
LEGS, HOOVES AND BONE STRUCTURE - 10 POINTS
LEGS◦ Strong, straight and squarely placed. Bottom
shanks fairly short. Knees and hocks big and strong. Well muscled.
HOOVES◦ Large, hard, black and well rounded.
BONE STRUCTURE◦ Quality shown by strong, hard flat bone.
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MALE ORGANS 8 POINTS TESTICLES◦ Equally shaped, well developed and equally sized
testicles with minimum scrotum circumference according to minimum standards.
SHEATH ◦ Not excessively developed.
Not Fleshy , Small opening to the front, little skin preferable
FEMALE ORGANS 10 POINTS
UDDER◦ Large, flexible, long udder carried well forward and
well up behind. Not fleshy or pendulous. Large, branched milk veins.
TEATS◦ Of medium length, placed squarely, far apart. White
teats allowed.
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SKIN AND HAIR - 3 POINTS
SKIN◦ Thick, loose
and pliable.
HAIR◦ Blue-black hair of medium length and fineness.
Straight and shiny, coarser on neck and head.
STANDARD of EXCELLENCE – Grading points
Bull CowGENERAL APPEARANCE 20 20
MASS AND SIZE FOR AGE 3 3
HEAD AND HORNS 10 10
NECK, HUMP AND DEWLAP 6 6
SHOULDERS, BRISKET, CHEST, RIBS AND BARREL 12 12
TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND TAIL 16 16
THIGHS, BREECH AND BUTTOCKS 12 10
LEGS, HOOVES AND BONE STRUCTURE 10 10
REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 8 10
SKIN AND HAIR 3 3
TOTAL 100 100
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MINIMUM STANDARDS At least 50% in all sub-sections of the standard
of Excellence BULLS◦ At Least 70% of total points achieved
Female◦ At least 60% of total points achieved
Disqualifications Disqualification reasons independent of the
degree should not be selected
Emphasis is placed on the function of the animal, and the type. Animals with hereditary defects or with shortcomings significantly impairing the function (in the opinion of the inspector) will be rejected.
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Disqualifications
General Appearance: A4 – DwarfismGeneral Appearance: A4 – Dwarfism
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General Appearance : A15 – Defective SkinGeneral Appearance : A15 – Defective Skin
Disqualifications
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Performance Standard Average of available indices should at
least be 90 Wean and/or year weight and 18 Month Phase C and D – Wean, ADG and FCR Exception rule may be excecuted for
exceptional muscling. For visually exceptional animals that does not make the required indices must achieve at least 2- for females and 2+ for bulls.
Performance: B2 – Average of indices below 90Performance: B2 – Average of indices below 90
Colour: C1 – White above belly lineColour: C1 – White above belly line
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Colour: C2 – Whole white switchColour: C2 – Whole white switch
Colour: C1 – White above belly line or on legsColour: C1 – White above belly line or on legs
Disqualifications
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Head and Horns: G2 – Skew faceHead and Horns: G2 – Skew face
Head and Horns: G3 – Skew muzzleHead and Horns: G3 – Skew muzzle
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Head and Horns: G4 – Undershot jawHead and Horns: G4 – Undershot jaw
Head and Horns: G5 – Overshot jawHead and Horns: G5 – Overshot jaw
Fore-quarter: H1 – Loose shouldersFore-quarter: H1 – Loose shoulders
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Fore-quarter : H2 – Falls away behind crops (pinched)Fore-quarter : H2 – Falls away behind crops (pinched)
Fore-quarter : H4 – Roofy shouldersFore-quarter : H4 – Roofy shoulders
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Disqualifications
Centre: I3 – Hunched backCentre: I3 – Hunched back
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Centre: I4 – Devils gripCentre: I4 – Devils grip
Disqualifications
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Legs and Hooves: Front legsK6 – Knees bent backwardLegs and Hooves: Front legsK6 – Knees bent backward
Legs and Hooves: Front legsK4 – Stag kneesLegs and Hooves: Front legsK4 – Stag knees
Hind legs
KORREK KO-HAKKIG KROMBENIG
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Legs and hooves: hind legs L3 – Too cow hockedLegs and hooves: hind legs L3 – Too cow hocked
KORREK KO-HAKKIG KROMBENIG
KORREK REGOP SLAPTRAP DEUR
Legs and Hooves: Pastern joints M1 – Pasterns tread throughLegs and Hooves: Pastern joints M1 – Pasterns tread through
Legs and Hooves: Pastern joints M2 – Slack pasternsLegs and Hooves: Pastern joints M2 – Slack pasterns
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Disqualifications
Legs and hooves: Claws N1 – Outgrowing clawsLegs and hooves: Claws N1 – Outgrowing claws
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Legs and hooves: Claws N2 – Claws curling inwards
Legs and hooves: Claws N2 – Claws curling inwards
Legs and hooves: Claws N3 – Lack of depth in heelLegs and hooves: Claws N3 – Lack of depth in heel
Legs and hooves: Claws N6 – Absence of by-claws (one or both)Legs and hooves: Claws N6 – Absence of by-claws (one or both)
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TailO3 – Congenital kink in upper third of tailTailO3 – Congenital kink in upper third of tail
Weight Circumf.
300 - 349 28cm
350 - 399 30cm
400 - 449 31cm
450 - 499 32cm
500 - 549 33cm
550 - 599 34cm
600+ 35cm
Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP1 – Size (refer to schedules)Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP1 – Size (refer to schedules)
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Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Testicles twisted excessivelyMale Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Testicles twisted excessively
Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Absence of epididymisMale Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Absence of epididymis
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NORMAAL HIPOPLASIE
Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP5 – HypoplasticMale Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP5 – Hypoplastic
Disqualification
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PROLAPS. DISKWALIFIKASIE
Male reproductive organs: SheathQ1 - Perpetual prolapseMale reproductive organs: SheathQ1 - Perpetual prolapse
Discrimination
Errors of different grades Points are deducted Can lead to disqualification
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Discrimination
Masculinity / Femininity: E1 – Ox-likeMasculinity / Femininity: E1 – Ox-like
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Masculinity / Femininity: E1 – Ox-likeMasculinity / Femininity: E1 – Ox-like
Manlikheid / Vroulikheid: E1 - OsagtigManlikheid / Vroulikheid: E1 - Osagtig
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Discriminations Head◦ Non-characteristic head◦ Not enough masculinity / Femininity
Neck, Hump and Dewlap◦ Lack of Neck muscles - Bulls◦ Not enough Dewlap
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Discriminations SHOULDERS, BRISKET, CHEST, RIBS AND
BARREL◦ Lack of Depth◦ Too narrow brisket◦ Flat / Lack of capacity
Centre: I1 - Hollow backCentre: I1 - Hollow back
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Discriminations THIGHS, BREECH AND BUTTOCKS◦ Excessively rounded rump◦ Flat rump (from sides and back)
Hindquarter: J1 - Hanging rumpHindquarter: J1 - Hanging rump
KORREK HANG PLAT
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KORREK DAKKIG
Hindquarter : J2 – Roofy rumpHindquarter : J2 – Roofy rump
KORREK HANG PLAT
Hindquarter: J3 – Flat rumpHindquarter: J3 – Flat rump
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BREED SMAL
Hindquarter: Flat rump / short rumpHindquarter: Flat rump / short rump
Discrimination TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND
TAIL◦ Flat / roofy back◦ Poor blending /connection (Back, Loin, Rump)◦ Poorly developed loin◦ Flat rump◦ Short rump
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Poor blending /connection (Back, Loin, Rump)Poor blending /connection (Back, Loin, Rump)
Discriminations
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VOORBENE
KORREK KROMBENIG / BAK BENIG
X-BENIG
Legs and hooves: Front legsK1 – X-LeggedLegs and hooves: Front legsK1 – X-Legged
Legs and hooves: Front legs K2 – Pigeon toedLegs and hooves: Front legs K2 – Pigeon toed
Legs and hooves: Front legs K3 – Bandy legsLegs and hooves: Front legs K3 – Bandy legs
KORREK REGOP SEKEL
HAKKE
Legs and hooves: Hind legsL1 – Too sickle-hockedLegs and hooves: Hind legsL1 – Too sickle-hocked
Legs and hooves: Hind legsL2 – Too upright-hockedLegs and hooves: Hind legsL2 – Too upright-hocked
Legs and hooves: Hind legsL4 – Bandy legsLegs and hooves: Hind legsL4 – Bandy legs
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Legs and Hooves: Pastern JointsM3 – Pasterns too uprightLegs and Hooves: Pastern JointsM3 – Pasterns too upright
Legs and hooves: ClawsN4 – Claws differ in sizeLegs and hooves: ClawsN4 – Claws differ in size
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Discriminations
TailO1 – Prominent tail settingTailO1 – Prominent tail setting
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Male reproductive organs: Scrotum and TestesP2 – Long, pendulous scrotumMale reproductive organs: Scrotum and TestesP2 – Long, pendulous scrotum
Male reproductive organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Twisted stringsMale reproductive organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Twisted strings
Male reproductive organs: SheathQ2 – Long sheath above sheath openingMale reproductive organs: SheathQ2 – Long sheath above sheath opening
Male reproductive organs: SheathQ3 – Fleshy sheathMale reproductive organs: SheathQ3 – Fleshy sheath
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NIE VLESIG, KLEIN OPENING NA VOOR, BAIE VEL. DISKRIMINASIE
VLESIG, GROOT OPENING NA VOOR, BAIE VEL. DISKRIMINASIE
VLESIG, GROOT OPENING NA VOOR,MIN VEL. DISKRIMINASIE
Male reproductive organs: SheathQ2 – Long sheath above sheath openingMale reproductive organs: SheathQ2 – Long sheath above sheath opening
Male reproductive organs: SheathQ3 – Fleshy sheathMale reproductive organs: SheathQ3 – Fleshy sheath
Discriminations Male reproductive organ◦ Split scrotum
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Female Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsS2- Small teatsFemale Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsS2- Small teats
Normaal / ideaal
Female Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsDeformed teatsFemale Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsDeformed teats
Female Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsS3- Hereditary unbalanced udderFemale Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsS3- Hereditary unbalanced udder
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Discriminations Female reproductive organs◦ Sagging udder◦ Long hair on the udder
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