standards for connection of electric vehicles david dossett, cenelec president beama low carbon...

Standards for Connection of Electric Vehicles

David DOSSETT, CENELEC President BEAMA Low Carbon Living Conference15 March 2011

© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 2David DOSSETElectric Vehicles

What Are Standards?Who Are The Standardisers?

© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 3David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles

European Standards Organisations

CEN = European Committee for Standardization CENELEC = European Committee for

Electrotechnical Standardization ETSI = European Telecommunication Standards

Institute

CEN and CENELEC now have 31 national members (EU, EFTA, Croatia)


What Is A Standard?

It is a document voluntary in application established by all interested parties reflects consensus approved by a recognized body for common and repeated use

National, International, European Standards


European Standardization Model

ESOs recognised under Directive 98/34/EC CEN, CENELEC and ETSI are officially recognized by

EU legislation to draw up standards under New Approach directives

All CEN, CENELEC and ETSI NSBs are committed to: implement a European standard (EN) once ratified,

identically as national standard withdraw any conflicting national standard

Voluntary standards are key for the European Single Market


Why European Standards?

Single European Market Innovation from European research results Competitiveness in a global economy Easier access for new Members to the EU Alternative for better regulation

Standards for the market and by the market Co-regulation in Europe since 1985

BUT, especially... 1 EN = 31 national standards in Europe = access to 490

million customers.


Standards For Electric Vehicles


Why Standards For Electric Vehicles?

Promote the development of the internal market for EVs Increase client acceptance Optimize energy use Discourage imposition of market barriers Make equipment

Interoperable Interchangeable across frontiers Allow for optimum use of infrastructure Allow for power generation


European Interests And International Standardization


The Landscape

Internationally, ISO standardizes vehicles; IEC their electrical aspects

Type-approval etc is regulated Our standards work in Europe has been limited:

Vehicle pollution requirements in support of EU Regulations

Intelligent Transport standards – electronic road tolling, driver information etc

Now, e-Mobility has come to the fore


Standards And Regulation


The European Mandate

Mandate = Commission/EFTA request to the European Standards Organizations (ESOs), endorsed by Member States

A mandate on electric vehicle standards issues has been given to the standards bodies

Request to produce a “standards work programme” by spring 2011, and the necessary standards within 18 months

This is fast – but many of the necessary standards are under way internationally…


What Are We Asked To Do?

The ESOs are asked to develop European standards or to review existing standards in order to: Ensure interoperability and connectivity between the

electricity supply and on-board chargers of electric vehicles, so that they can be connected and be interoperable in all EU States

Ensure interoperability and connectivity between “off-board” chargers and the electric vehicle and removable batteries

Consider any smart-charging issue with respect to the charging of electric vehicles

Consider safety risks and electromagnetic compatibility of the charger of electric vehicles in the field of relevant Directives


How Are We Doing It?

We have created a Joint Working Group (“Focus Group”) CEN-CENELEC, with participation of ISO, IEC, ETSI

Representatives of technical activities, interested associations, CEN-CENELEC national members, Commission etc

Note the Focus Group is not preparing standards as such! Focus Group Tasks:

Prepare an overview of European requirements for electric vehicle standards

Match these against existing international standards and all relevant work in progress in standards bodies

Recommend how missing issues should be covered by standardization, by whom and on what timescale

Propose how ESOs respond to European Commission mandate


European Work


Organization/Timescale

Focus Group has set up working groups (“Project Teams”) to prepare a response on the different issues: Connectors Charging Communications Batteries Terminology Regulations and standards Electro-magnetic compatibility

First overview report/roadmap agreed Final report and recommendations March 2011


Connector Issues

Connectors on the wall: Domestic circuits AC – most routine charging will be at home Heavier charging at 3-Phase AC: draft IEC 62196 Part 2 has

several options, but we need one for Europe Differences in national wiring rules in Europe >

interoperability issues

Connectors on the vehicle: AC connectors – different options again in IEC 62196-2 DC connectors – choice of two but with different

characteristics


Charger Issues

Recommendations concerning interoperable charging systems using the four charging modes authorised by IEC 61851

Preferential configurations depending on charging mode and supply categories (AC, DC, Mixed?) to ensure interoperability of charging infrastructures

Restrictions and conditions of use applicable to the vehicle and harness when connected to existing domestic socket outlets (mode 1 and 2)


Other Issues

Communication issues – next overheads

Battery issues: interoperability: dimensional standards of battery and modules

for EVs, interface systems, electric cycle batteries, safety, supply chain, battery switching stations

Regulatory/EMC/Terminology (separate PTs) Basically:

our priorities are the pan-European connectors and chargers, ie so interoperable infrastructure can be created

DC charging is longer-term smart charging is longer-term the grid effects will therefore be longer-term – but we must work

on them


Vehicle To Grid Issues

These are less mature Low-level communication:

low-level communication for AC and DC charge control and safety functions is defined in the IEC 61851 series

controls for AC charging in part 1 (voted September 2010) controls for DC charging in part 24 (work just starting)

Higher-level communication: Work in joint ISO/IEC WG defining power-line communication between vehicle

and charging device, defining message content signals for load control for the optimization of the grid and electricity usage,

and mobility services (link to the grid issues) use of existing data channels that will also be used on in thermal vehicles (ITS, 3G,

WiFi) Final choice of physical layer between vehicle and charging post may have a major

influence on choices made for smart grid (and the “smart home”)


What Will We End Up With (1)?

March 2011, a set of proposals for (at least) which connector/charger standards are needed at European level for: charging from the AC mains with standard voltages

available in Europe charging of the vehicle battery from an external DC

battery charger charging of small electric vehicles such as scooters and

bicycles Information on EMC and electrical safety aspects of these NO proposals for European Standards work unless

specifically justified


What Will We End Up With (2)?

Information on smart-charging, communication and battery standards issues: Maybe less immediately important for interoperability Not even all within the mandate But still there are standards aspects on these Contribution to the longer-term view from our smart grid JWG

A set of recommendations either as to which IEC standards to adopt as European ones, or for selection of options in them for Europe

Possibly also recommendations to regulators – if national legal barriers exist in Europe


Thank You!

Standards will help electric vehicles achieve their potential

www.cen.eu

www.cenelec.eu

standards for connection of electric vehicles david dossett, cenelec president beama low carbon...

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