stars and the solar system
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stars and the solar systemTRANSCRIPT
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Starsand
the
solar
system
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system
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stars
• A star is a massive, luminous sphereof plasma held together by gravity.
• The nearest star to Earth is the Sun
• a star shines due to thermonuclearfusion of hydrogen in its core releasingenergy that traverses the star's interiorand then radiates into outer space
• Almost all naturally occurring elements
heavier than helium were created by
stars
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constellation
• a constellation is an internationallydened area of the celestial sphere.
These areas are grouped
around asterisms, patterns formedby prominent stars within apparentproimity to one another on
Earth's night s!y
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"rsa ma#or
• Ursa Major , also !nown asthe Great Bear, isa constellation visible throughout the
year in most of the northernhemisphere
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"rsa minor
• Ursa Minor , also !nown asthe Little Bear, is a constellation inthe northern s!y
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cassiopeia
• Cassiopeia is a constellation in thenorthern s!y, named after the vain$ueen %assiopeia in &ree!
mythology
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orion
• Orion, often referred to as TheHunter, is aprominent constellation located
on the celestial e$uator and visiblethrouhout the !orld"
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uter (lanets They are much farther awayfrom the sun as compared to
the inner planet )upiter Saturn "ranus and*eptune are eample
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#upiter
+t is the largest planet in the solarsystem
it has large moons, they areEuropa,+o&anymede and callisto
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Jupiter
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Saturn
• +t is second largest planet in the solarsystem after )upiter
• +t has - satellites that measure atleast /0!m in diameter and severalsmaller one
• Saturns biggest satellite Titan is even
bigger than the planet 1ercury
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Saturn
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"ranus
• +t was identied as a planet by 2ritishastronomer 3illiam 4ershel in /56/
• 2ut not very easily seen by na!edeyes
• "ranus too has rings
• "ranus is about -.7 into /0 7 !mfrom the sun
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The #nner $lanets
1. The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.2. They are close to the Sun and separated from the much larger Outer Planets y an asteroid elt.!. Sometimes,they are called terrestrial planets and are composed of roc".#. $ue to their hard surfaces, these planets ha%e
canyons, craters, mountains, and %olcanoes.&. They ha%e fe' or no moons.(. They are de%eloped from small grains
of dust that collided and formedtogether.
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Asteroids
Asteroids are small solar bodies orlarge pieces of roc! or metal roc!s.
They orbits the sun between 1arsand )upiter.
This region is called asteroid 2elt.
The rst asteroid to be discoveredwas %eres was found in /60/ by&iuseppe (ia88i .
There around 000 asteroids orbitingthe sun.
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Asteroids pictures
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%ometsA comet is an icy and dust practical small Solar
System body that when close enough to the Sundisplays a visible coma 9a thin, fu88y, temporaryatmosphere : and sometimes also a tail
+t has a oval shape orbit.
Ta!e more time to revolve the sun than asteroids.3hen it come close to sun comets tail appears
due to the e;ects of solar radiation and the solarwind upon the nucleus of the comet . And tailstretches out up to / million !ilometre .
+t ta!e few decades or thousand years torevolve.
%ommon comet is the 4alley %omet named afterEdmund 4alley.
+t revolves around the sun once every 5< years.
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(ictures of comets
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1eteoroids, meteors andmeteorites
1eteoroids = meteoroids are smaller than comets.
They are chun!s of roc!s.
They may be the particles of shattered asteroids.
3hen they come close to the earth>s orbit they arepulled towards earth because of gravity of earth.
Around /,000 metric tons of meteoroids and otherspace dust enters Earth's atmosphere each year.
1eteors = the meteoroids burn up as the result,
there a enormous heat is generated. This ma!es astrea! of light. This is a meteor or a shooting star.+t is also called falling star.
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Meteoroids, meteors andmeteorites
1ETE?+TES = 1ST @ T4E 1ETE?+S@"BBC 2"?* "( 2E@?E ?EA%4+*& T4EEA?T4>S S"?@A%E 2"T S1E ES *T 2"?*"(
T4EC 4+T T4E EA?T4>S S"?@A%E. T4+S +S%ABBE A 1ETE?+TE.
T4+S A?E T4E (+%T"?ES @ 1ETE?+S =
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(hases of the moonphase %orthern
hemispher
e
&outhernhemispher
e
'isibilit( and standardtime of culimnation )mid*
phase+*ew moon *ot visible,
Traditionally1oon's rstvisiblecresent
after sunset./- noon
a-increscent moon
?ight /D7 visible
Beft /D7visible
afternoon and postFdus!.G pm
.irst /uartermoon
?ight 0visible
Beft 0visible
afternoon and early night.< pm
a-in ibbous
moon
?ight /D
77 visible
Beft /D77
visible
late afternoon and most of
night.7 pm
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.ull moon .ull( visible .ull( visible sunset tosunrise )allniht+"01 midniht
aninibbous moon ?ight /D77visible Beft /D77visible most of nightandearly morning.G am
Third /uartermoon
?ight 0 visible Beft 0 visible Bate night andmorning.
< am
anincrescent moon
?ight /D7visible
Beft /D7visible
preFdawn andmorning.7 am
preFdawn and
morning
*ot visible,
traditionally1oon's lastvisible crescent
2efore sunrise.
/- noon