7/21/2019 State of birds in Florida, 2004

1/2

Martinswereat LakeApopkaR.A.20 Jun,

(Theyare certainlymorecommonhan

Taylorirch.E,rowa1JuMBl

rosbeaksand Indigo and Painted

ith 2180 still there23 Jun (HR). Single

Cliff Swallows ereat LakeApopkaR.A.4

& 18 Jul (HR). BarnSwallowsrea scarce

but increasingreedern Florida, o the

presencef40+oneach f he17dateshat

Robinson ensused ake ApopkaR.A. is

particularlyoteworthy,

as were the 290 he

recorded n 24 Jul. Also

of note was a Bain Swal-

low at GardenKey,Dry

Tortugas.P 19Jun DS

et al.).

Singingmale Wood

Thrushes were recorded

a eight sites in Leon

duringheseasonGM).

American Robins are

very scarcen Florida

during the summer, o

three eportsromLeon,

with a juv. at Springhill

RoadW.T.P (GM), were

notable, f not unexpect-

ed. Totallyunexpected

was the singingrobin

11-12 Jun at Home-

stead, Miami-Dade

(LM). Out-of-season

GrayCatbirds ereat BoydHill Nature

Trail,St.PetersburgJun RoS) ndMath-

esonHammock, iami-Dade 3Jun (DS).

Common ynas re ncreasingn Florida.

Their center of abundance has been the

Homesteadrea, ut heyhave owspread

throughoutheKeys, ecominguchmore

commonn thepast ear JB). hestatusf

thisspeciess uncertain,s heyhavenot

beensufficiently onitoredo determine

breeding uccess nd populationsize.

Red-whiskeredulbuland Spot-breasted

Oriole, wospecieslready n the official

list for Florida.)A Black-and-white arbler

12Jul at KeyLargo, onroeBMu)anda

Ydlow-throated Warbler at Miami Shores

11Jul (AH) werebothearlyA YellowWar-

Two urlewandpipersereoundnFloridanJuly004. heirst as t

Fort eSoto ark, ineliasounty0July,he econdtTalbotslandstate

Park,)uvalounty7 ulyhere).hotographyPatrickLeaty.

bier lutteringround boat a.57kmne.

of Ft. Piercenlet 3Jul (EH, PH) wasslight-

lyearly sa migrant.he irst eturningel-

low Warblerwasat LakeApopkaR.A. on

18 Jul, whilea latenorthbound merican

Redstart as here2 Jun (HR). An impres-

sive 32 Yellow-breastedChats were at Lake

Apopka .A.2Jun HR).

ThreeChippingparrowsere .ofnor-

mal at AvonPark,Highlandsor mostof

Jun AB).A uv.LarkSparrowas tHugh

Buntingsere resenthroughouthesea-

sonat LakeApopkaR.A.,with maxcounts

of 33, 49, and6 respectivelyHR). Robin-

sonhadup to 3 Dickcissdst LakeApop-

ka R.A.2Jun-4Jul.As s normal, lackbird

numbers increased as the season pro-

gressed,ut 182,000Red-wingedlack-

birds and 97,000 Boat-tailedGracklesat

LakeApopkaR.A. n lateJul (HR) were

truly mpressiveounts. hinyCowbirds

were eportedromFlamingo,verglades

N.E 8 Jun (B&LC) and Alligator Pt.,

Franklin 11-17 Jul (JM). BronzedCow-

birdsseem o be increasingn Florida n

the summer,with reportsof summering

birds from three locations n Miami-Dade

andone n Collier.An alternate-plumaged

male American Goldfinch was at Alta-

monte prings,eminole4Jun PHu).

Cited contributors (area compilers n

bold):BruceAnderson, ynAtherton, nne

Bdlenger,edBelow, ark Berney, aul

Bithorn, ohnBoyd,SamComer, uck&

LindaCooper, omCurtis, obin iaz,Ter-

ry Doyle,CharlieEwell,DaveFredand,

ChuckGeanangd,eyHansonBell),Alex

Harper, obHawkins, ricHess, aulHess,

Paul Hueher (PHu), Marianne Korosy,

Patrick ear, arryManfredi, lakeMath-

ys, Gall Menk,Brennan ulrooney,ohn

Murphy, risNelson, nnPaul,RichPaul,

CheriPierce, avidPowell,Peggy owell,

Bill Pranty, ohnPuschock,obRichter,

BryantRoberts, arryRobinson, erlin

Russell, obertSanford, usanSchneider,

DaveSimpson, ay Smart RSm),Ron

Smith (RoS), Doug Suitor,Pete Timmet,

Ken racey.

Stateof the Region

Bill rantyAyJancolOgyabArchboldiologicaltation23Mainr'we,enus,

Florida3960-(billptanty@hotmaiLcom)

Boundednhreeidesy cean,ea,ndulf,loridairasongeenecognizeds "prolific

reservoirFiologicalivers'y"ritzpatrick991).hetateupports81aturalommunities,

includingomef hemostiverseorestsnd rasslandsnNorthmerica.verall,lorida

supportsver600ativelantsnd00 ativeertebrates,ith% nd7%f hese,

respectivdy,ndemic.lorida'svifauna479ativepedes)s heargestf nytateastf

theMississipIiverndncludesnendemicpeciesndeveralndemicubspecies.nhe

past00ears,he tateasosttheassengergeon,arolinaarakeet,vory-billedood-

ped{er,achman'sarbler,nd uskyeaskleparrow.urrently,6 theraxareonsid-

eredndangered,hreatened,are,f pecialoncern,rof ndetenninedtatusRodgerst

al. 996Lecentell.publicizedonservationnitiativesnFloridauchsheestorationf

the vergladesndhe issimmeeiverndheeintreductionfWhoopingranesave

overshadowedhe eedsfnumeroustheraxa,orwhichnmanyasesvenasiciologi-

cal atareacking.ecauseliOForida'serrestrialandetlandabitatsre nderiege,t

is ifficulttoankonservationrioritiesseeoxelow),ndheelevantABCIkdonser-

vationegions--BCR1 Peninsularlorida)nd CR7 Southeasternoastallain,or

VOLUME 58 (2004) NUMBER 4

ThisuskyeasideparrowhotographedtMerrittslandationalildlifeefuge,

Floridaas ne ftheast f ts ind,n heEverglades,he ndemicapeableeaside

Spanow,veryistinctiveaxonlsoormerlyandotentiallygainobe) onsideredsep-

aratepedes,aintainsoehold,utts abitats hreatenedy hangesnhydrologynd

plantommunities,evereurricanes,ndea-levelisehotographyulW. ykes,rdlqtiEO.

517

7/21/2019 State of birds in Florida, 2004

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northernIodandhe anhandle)o ot heduchightnhe omplexityf coregions,

especiallyubtropicalabitatsnhe tate.y ayf n verview,ivemportanthenomena

affectingloridairdlifend irdonservationre onsiderednbriefere.

LandrotectionFloridaainsne illionesidentveryhreeo ourears,ate f

700-900esidents/day.he opulationncreasedrom .7millionesidentsn1950o

15.9 illionn2000.pproximately65,000cresfhabitatnnually--:19creser

hour--areestroyedoaccommodatehe xpandingumanopulation,hisrowth

haseducedutthroatgrasseepsy 9%, iamiineocklandsy 8%,ongleafine

flatwoodsy 7%,nimpoundedrevardountyaJtarshesy 5%,ake alesidge

scruby 5%,loridary rairiey 1%,nd vergladesarshlandy 5%,he ssire

reductionf heseabitatsakeshe emainingragmentsl hemoreulnerableo

damageyandrillingropicalyclonesnd thernpredktablevents.ossnd eters

(1995)ankedloridashemostcologicallyndangeredtaten he nion--thenly

stateoearnextreme"atingsor veryategoryeasuredoverallisk,cosystemisk,

speciesisk,evelopmentisk,evelopmenttatus,nd evelopmentrend),nd orida

containedhemostndangeredcosystemsnine).o ounteractuch assiveossesf

nativelorandauna,loridaasedhe ationnpublic-landcquisition.etween964

and 000,ver3,7 illionaspentoprotect.7millioncresf an& lorida'surrent

primaryand-acquisitionrogram,reservation000, ill ommitnadditional3bil-

lionhrough009.urTently,ver,27 illioncresf and--morehan7%f he

state--isubliclywnedrundererpetualonservationasement,ndhis mount

increasesymorehan00,000cresachearJuetal. 001,DEP004).

ExoticpedesLiketherubtropicalreas,evelopedartsfFloridaaveeenand-

scapeElith:vegetationativeomanyartsf he orld.ostpeciesre enign,ut 7

formsreankedyhe loridaxoticlantestouncils ategorynvasivepecieshat

havenvadedndisruptedativeommunitiesFLEPPC004).xoticnimalsrelsoen-

erallyenign,utherere xceptions.monghe 00+peciesf xot cirdseported

fromlorida,ewrempactingativepeciesPranty004).erhapsthereatestangers

posedyeralMaliards,hichreincreasingly?)ybridizingith ottleducks.oorman

and ray1994)arnedhatifnoreventativeanagementctionagainsteralMaliards]

is aken,heMottleducks discreetntityasquestionableuture."Simberlofftal.

(1997)s goodourceorhessuesoncerninglorida'sxoticlorandauna.

CowbirdroodarasitismAlthoughotmajoroncernresently,roodarasitism

byBrown-headedowbirdsearsatching.ocaleclinesnpopulationsfBlack-

whiskeredireosnd ordarairiearblerslonghe entralulf oastnd fPainted

Buntingslonghe ortherntlanticoastaveeenlamedn owbirdroodara-

sitism.ronzedowbirdsrencreasingndeemedoisedobegh3reedingnFlorida

(inact,bservationsuringummer004uggesthatt s lreadyccurring),ut hiny

Cowbirdsemainaren he tate,ith reedingot et ocumented.

Sea-levelise- ivenhe lightopographicelieff loridaits ighestoints 45eet

aboveeaneaevel),he ffectsf isingeasoulde evastating.roslie1996)oc-

umentedhat one-meterise ouldnundate.8%f he eninsula;nncreasef10

mwouldliminate3%. ecently,illiamstal. 1999)ocumentedreplacementf

coastalydricammocksysaltmarsht Waccasassaay, evy ounty,uring

1992-1995.heyttributedorestosso ncreasedoilalinitys esultf meanea

levelisef .5am/yearetween939nd994.warmingceans lsoxpectedo

produceorerequentndiTangerurricanes;loridaabitatsereeverelyamaged

byCharley,rances,van, nd eannen2004.

West ile irusWNV)The ocumentedmpactsfWNVn arvialslsewheren he

UnitedtatesreatedlarmnFloridaorts ndemicarvial--theloridacrub-Jay.

Scrub-jayopulationsaveecreasedn stimated0%n he ast00 earsueo oss

andragmentationfhabitatndire xclusion.owever,he ffectsfWNVnFlorida

seem inor,erhapsecausehe bundancefmosquitoesn he tate ay ave

allowednimalsohaveuilt p naturalesistancer mmunitygainstome os-

quito-borneiseasesuchsWNVReedowman,ers.omm.).owever,ontinued

monitoringfWNVnFloridaertainlyswarranted.

I thank arl illeror elpfulomments.

Literature ited

Eroslie,.D, 996.rianommunity,limate,ndea-Levolhanesn he lio-Pleistocenf

the loridaeninsula.rnithologicalonographo, 0.Americanrnithologists'niOn.

Washington,.C.

FDER004. reservation000/Floridaoreverebsitehttp://www.dep.sta

us/lands/acquisition/p2000>loridaepartmentfEnvironmentalrotection.alla

hassee,L. ccessed9September004.

Fitzpatrick,.W. 991,oreword.agesii-ixnFloridaird ecordsnAmericanirdsnd

Audubonieldotes947-1959R,W.oftin,.EWoonden,nd.A. oolfenden)

Specialublicationo.,Floridarnithologicalociety.ainesville,orid&

FLEPPCloridaxoticestlantouncilebsitehttp://www.fleppc.rg>, ccessed0

September004.

Jue, ,C Kindell,nd .Wojcik.001. loridaonservationands00LFloridaatulral

Areasnventory.allahassee,lorida

Moorman,.E.,nd .N. ray.994ottleduckAriasulvigula)nThe irdsfNorth

America,o. 1CA.oolend .Gill,ds.),he cademyfNaturaiciences,hiladel-

phia;he mericanrnithologists'nion,ashington,C.

Noss,.F., nd .L.Peters.995.ndangeredcosystems:AtatuseportnAmerica'S

VanishingabitatndWildlife.efendersfWildlife.ashington,C.

Pranty,. 004.lorida'sxoticvifauna:preliminaryhecklist.irding6: 62-372.

Rodgers,JL,r., ,W. ale,I,and .T. mith,ds,996.arend ndangerediotaf

Florida,olume,Birds.niversityressfFlorida.,inesville,L.

Simbedoff,.,D.C. chmJle,nd.C.Brown,ds.997.trangersinaradise:mpactnd

Managementf VonindienouspeciesnFlorida.slandress.ashington,C

Williams,.,K.C.Ewel, .P.Stumpf,.E.Pule,nd .W.Workman.999. eaevelise

andoastalorestetreatnhe estoastfFlorida,SA.cology0: 045-2063.

Theollowingirdaxa,roupedy abitat,re monghosehat re articularly

deservingf ncreasedanagementnd/oresearchfforts:

Beach/dunepeciesCubannowyloverCharadriuslexandrinusenuirosris],il-

sons lover,ipinglover,mericanystercatcher,oseateern, eastern, lack

Skimmer,ndtherreedingrwinteringards).hreats:evereisturbance--man

speciesave egunonest ngravelooftops,ith ariableuccessnd nknown

long-termonsequences;ontinuedceanfrontevelopment;ea-levelise.

SaltmarshpeciesBlackail,loridalapperailRallusnngirostriscotti],an-

grovelapperailR.. nsularurn],ayhe'slapperailR..waynell,arian'sarsh

WrenCistothorusalustrisarianae],orthington'sarshrenC. .griseus],

MacGillivray'seasideparrowAmmodremusaritimusacillivrai],carfseaside

SparrowA.m.eninsulae).hreats:ackf asicemographicataor earlyll axa;

sea-levelise.

Freshwaterarshpeciesall adingirds,nailite,apeableeasideparrow

[Ammodran?usmaritimusmirobilis]).hreats:ookery/roostisturbancewadingirds);

improperateregulation;ercuryontaminationwadingirds);utrient-richater

dischargedromugaranearms;xoticlantsCapeableeasideparrow).

Mangrove-breedingpecieswadingirds,angroveuckoo,rayingbird,

Black-whiskeredireo,loridarairiearblerDendroicaiscolorpoludicola],uban

GoldenarblerDendroicapetechiagundlachi])--disturbancewadingirds);ac-

coonepredationwadingirds);ackfbasicatauplandpecies);otentiallyow-

bird roodarasitismuplandpecies).

Dry-prairiepeciesWhite-tailedite, restedaracara,loridaurrowingwl

[Atheneunicularialo#dana],loridarasshopperparrowAmmodremusavannarum

floridanus],achman'sparrow).hreats:abitatossndragmentation;dverse

land-usesrmanagementuchs razingndiMcultureFloridaurrowingwlnd

Floridarasshopperparrow);ormant-seasoniresFio[darasshopperparrow).

Longleaf-pinepeciesSoutheasternmericanestrelFalcoparveriusaulus],

Red-cockadedoodpecker,rown-headeduthatch,achman'sparrow).hreats:

severeabitatossnd ragmentation;ire uppressionnd ormant-seasonires;

intensiveanagementeedsRed-cockadedoodpecker).

Xericak-scrubpeciesFloridacrub-Jay).hreats:abitatossndragmentation;

fire xclusion;otentiallyest-Nileirus.

18 NORTH AMERICAN BIRD