state: orissa agriculture contingency plan for district:...
TRANSCRIPT
1
State: ORISSA
Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: PURI
1.0 District Agriculture Profile
1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone East and South Eastern Coastal Plain Zone (18.4)
Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Sub-humid to humid Eastern and South Eastern Upland (5)
Agro-Climatic Region (Planning Commission) EASTERN PLATEAU AND HILLS REGION (VII)
Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) East and South Eastern Coastal Plain Zone (OR-4)
List all the districts falling under the NARP Zone Kendra Para , Khurda, Jagatsinghpur, parts of Cutback, Puri, Nayagarh and part of Ganjam
Geographic coordinates of district Latitude Longitude Altitude
19o 47’57.34’ N 85 49
0 29.56’E 19.3m
Name and address of the concerned
ZRS/ZARS/RARS/RRS/RRTTS
R R T T S, Bhubaneswar- 751003
Mention the KVK located in the district with address At- Block Colony, Po-Kakatpur ,Dist-Puri, Pin- 752108
1.2 Rainfall Average (mm) Normal onset (specify week
and month)
Normal Cessation (Specify week
and month)
SW monsoon (June-Sep): 1061.38 3rd
week of June Last week of Sept
NE Monsoon (Oct-Dec): 234.20 2nd
week of October Last week of December
Winter (Jan-March): 60.10 4th
week of January 3rd
week of March
Summer (Apr-May): 94.00 4th
week of April 2nd
week of May
Annual 1449.68 3rd
week of June 1st week of December
2
1.3 Land use pattern of
the district (latest
statistics)
Geographical
area
Forest area Land under
non-
agricultural use
Permanent
pastures
Cultivable
wasteland
Land under
Misc. tree
crops and
groves
Barren and
uncultivable
land
Current
fallows
Other
fallows
Area (‘000 ha) 348 14 115 9 3 9 8 55 1
1.4 Major Soils Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%) of total
1. Alluvial (Soil) 156.8 52.2
2. Laterite Soil 2.4 0.8
3. Saline Soil 20.1 6.7
4. Acidic Soil 120.7 40.3
5.Other soils - -
1.5 Agricultural land use Area (‘000 ha) Cropping intensity %
Net sown area 138.0
207.9 % Area sown more than
once
148.9
Gross cropped area 287
Source: SREP (ATMA) of Puri District, 2007-08
1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha)
Net irrigated area 97.8
Gross irrigated area 175.3
Rainfed area 40.1
Sources of Irrigation Number Area (‘000 ha) % area
Canals 70.01 78.7
Tanks
Open wells
3
Bore wells/ dug wells 9.92 10.1
Lift irrigation 297
Other sources 10.9 11.2
Total 97.88 100.0
Pump sets 1101 1.1
Micro-irrigation
Groundwater availability and use No. of Blocks % area Quality of water
Over exploited
Critical
Semi-critical
Safe 11 Blocks 30 Good
Waster water availability and use
Source: Orissa Agriculture Statistics, 2008-09
* Source: SREP (ATMA) of Puri District, 2007-08
1.7 Area under major field crops & horticulture etc. (Area in ha.)
Field crops- Total area (‘000 ha) Irrigated Rainfed
Paddy 170.77 136.84 33.93
Pulse 62.90 0.22 62.68
Oilseeds 16.98 4.48 12.50
Fibers 0.07 - 0.07
Sugarcane 0.61 0.61 -
Horticulture crops-Fruits Total area (‘000 ha) Irrigated Rainfed
Coconut 9927 - 9927
4
Mango 3562 - 3562
Banana 1794 1794 -
Citrus 429 - 429
Sapota 293 - 293
Guava 0.12 - 0.12
Papaya 0.05 0.05 -
Pineapple 0.02 - 0.02
Horticulture crops-Vegetables Total area (‘000 ha) Irrigated Rainfed
Brinjal 2312 2312 -
Potato 0.21 261 -
Cabbage 251 251 -
Cauliflower 2356 2356 -
Okra 3805 3805 -
Pea 165 165 -
Tomato 1272 1272 -
Onion 0.21 212 -
Sweet potato 75 75 -
Other vegetable 16.28 6087 -
Flowers
Rose 90 90 -
Gladioli 100 100 -
Tube rose 14 14 -
Marigold 56 56 -
Source: Orissa Agriculture Statistics, Govt of orissa, 2008-09
5
Medicinal and Aromatic crops Total area (‘000 ha) Irrigated Rainfed
Aonla 0.01
Ginger 0.03 27
Garlic 157 157
Turmeric 0.05 50
Coriander 0.37 370
Plantation crops Total area Irrigated Rainfed
Fodder crops (ha.)
Cow pea 202.5 200.0 2.5
Perennial grass 70.96 70.96 -
Total fodder crop area 273.46 270.96 2.5
Grazing land 11, 000 - -
Source: Annual report of CDVO office, Puri, 2009-10
1.8 Livestock Number (‘000)
Cattle 612.3
Buffaloes 33.8
Commercial dairy farms -
Goat 132.7
Sheep 67.4
Others (Camel, Pig, Yak etc) 2.1
1.9 Poultry
Commercial (258 broiler poultry farm) 432.5
6
Backyard
1.10 Inland Fisheries Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (tones)
Brackish water 997 1.5 1569
Fresh water 3117.06 2.6 8223.7
Others (Marine) 155 km coast line 24714.2
Source: SREP (ATMA) of Puri District, 2007-08
1.11 Production & productivity
of major crops
Kharif Rabi Summer Total
Production
(‘000 t)
Productivity
(kg/ha)
Production
(‘000 t)
Productivity
(kg/ha)
Production
(‘000 t)
Productivity
(kg/ha)
Production
(‘000 t)
Productivity
(kg/ha)
Paddy 154.6 1302 - - 153.0 2941 307.6 2121.5
Maize 0.12 688 0.02 780 0.14 734
Greengram - - 8.23 445 - - 8.23 445
Blackgram - - 18.53 485 - - 18.53 485
Groundnut - - 25.03 2255 - - 25.03 2255
Sesamum - - 0.74 261 - - 0.74 261
Sunflower - - 0.37 580 - - 0.37 580
Mustard - - 0.33 210 - - 0.33 210
Fibres 0.4 1115 - - - - 0.4 1115
Horticultural crops
Brinjal - - - - - - 33.5 14500
Cabbage - - 7.3 29354 - - 7.3 29354
Cauliflower - - 33.4 14209 - - 33.4 14209
Okra - - - - - - 32.4 8518
Tomato - - 17.1 13452 - - 17.1 13452
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Potato - - 3.1 11992 - - 3.1 11992
Banana - - - - - - 27.8 15500
Mango - - - - - - 7.4 2077
Citrus - - - - - - 3.6 8489
Coconut - - - - - - 613.6 6182
Source: Orissa Agriculture Statistics, Govt of orissa, 2008-09
*: Source: Annual Report of Directorate of Horticulture, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar. 2008-09
1.12 Sowing window for 5 major crops
(Start and end of sowing period)
Rice Green gram G.Nut Brinjal Cauliflower
Kharif- Rainfed 2nd
week June to
2nd
week July
- - - -
Kharif-Irrigated June to Aug - - - -
Rabi-Rain fed - - - - -
Rabi-Irrigated Dec to Jan 1st week Jan to Last
week Jan
Oct to Nov 1st week Oct to Last
week Oct
1st week Oct to Last
week Oct
1.13 What is the major
contingency the district
is prone to
Regular
Occassional
None
Drought � Mid July
Flood � Sept & Oct
Cyclone � Sept & Nov
Hail storm �
Heat wave � May
8
Cold wave �
Frost �
Sea water inundation � Sept & Oct
Pests and diseases
(Specify)
Rice Stem borer, Swarming caterpillar
Leaf folder, Blast, Neck blast, Brinjal fruit & shoot
borer, Red palm weevil & Rhinoceros beetle
Tobacco caterpillar in Cabbage, Thrips in chili, YMV
in Okra
1.14 Include Digital maps of the district for Location map of district with in State Enclosed in the report
Mean annual rainfall Enclosed in the report
Soil map Enclosed in the report
9
10
Distribution of Rainfall in Puri District
11
14.226.2 19.7 26.8
67.2
207
310.08300.3
244
167
59.9
7.3
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Jan
Feb
Mar Apr
May
June Ju
ly
Aug
Sep Oct
Nov
Dec
12
SOIL MAP OF ORISSA
13
2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies
2.1 Drought
2.1.1 Rainfed Situation
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season
drought (delayed
onset)
Major farming
situation
Crop/croppin
g system
Change in crop/cropping
system including variety
Agronomic measures Remarks on
implementation
Delay by 2 weeks
July 1st week
Upland Rice,
Vegetable
Rice (var. Kalinga-III, Pathara,
Khandagiri) ,
Seed village (Pulse &
Paddy), NFSM (Pulse),
RKVY Maize (Navjot),
Cowpea (Utkal Manika),
Blackgram (PU-30, 19,31,Sarala)
Greengram (PDM-11,54,
Sujata, Durga),
Ragi (Dibyasinha),
Sesamum (Uma, Prachi),
Pumpkin (Arkachandan,
Baidyabati),
Sweet Potato (Pusaired, Varsha)
Brinjal (Hajari-10, Bluestar,
Utkal Keshari),
Chilli (Suryamukhi, Pusa
Jwala)
Medium land Paddy Lalat, Swarna, Pratikshya,
Naveen, Surendra
Delay nursery sowing
Seed village, RKVY
Low land Paddy CR 1009, CR-1018, Pooja, CR-
1014,
Sarala,Mahanadi,Ramchandi
Delay nursery sowing
Seed village, RKVY
14
Shallow salinity Paddy Paddy var Lunasampad,
Lunasubarna
i. Addition of organic matter
ii. Green manuring
iii. Gypsum application
iv. Zinc application
Provide irrigation
Seed village, RKVY
Flash flood Paddy Swarna Seed village, RKVY
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season drought
(delayed onset)
Major
farming
situation
Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping
system including variety
Agronomic measures Remarks on
implementation
Delay by 4weeks
July 3rd
. week
Upland
Rice Short duration Rice var. Pathara,
Kalinga III, Khandagiri
Ragi (Divyasinha),
• When the mortality is
less than 50%, gap
filling by clonal
propagation.
• If more than 50%
mortality, resow the
crop.
• Sowing of short
duration high yielding
low water requiring
crops like green gram,
black gram, cow pea,
Intercultural farm
implements under
RKVY.
Seeds through NFSM,
ISOPOM, NHM and
Orissa state seed
corporation (OSSC). Greengram(PDM-139,K-
851,PDM-54),
Blackgram(PU-30,PU-19,T-9),
Cowpea, Rice bean,
Brinjal (Hajari-10, Bluestar,
Utkal Keshari),
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Chilli (Suryamukhi, Pusa Jwala) sesame after receiving
the rainfall.
Cultivate vegetables like
okra, brinjal, and
cowpea
Medium
land
Rice - Relatively shorter duration
varieties like Lalat, Naveen,
MTU-1010, Surendra
- Nursery raising in wet bed or
sprouted seed sowing
i. Water in ponds,
reservoirs & water
bodies are to be utilized
for raising seedling
ii. Apply full dose of P,
K and 50% N as basal
with FYM for early
seedling vigour.
iii. Planting more
number of seedlings per
hill
iv. Closer spacing
v. Application of
nitrogen after rainfall
16
Low land Rice Rice varieties like Swarna,
Pratikshya, Pooja, Ranidhan,
Mrunalini
i. Water in ponds,
reservoirs & water
bodies are to be utilized
for raising seedling
ii. Community nursery
iii. Planting of more
number of seedlings per
hill
iv. Closer spacing
v. Application of
nitrogen after rainfall
vi. Apply full dose of
P& K as basal.
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season drought
(delayed onset)
Major farming
situation
Crop/cropping
system
Change in crop/cropping
system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
implementation
Delay by 6weeks
August 1st week
Upland Rice, Vegetables -No paddy crop
- Growing of crops like
Greengram, Blackgram,
Cowpea, Rice bean
Sesamum with short
duration of varieties Brinjal,
Okra, Chilli
• Complete hoeing and weeding of
non-paddy crops to provide dust
mulch.
• Addition of organic matter
• Spraying of 2% KCl + 0.1 ppm
Boron to black gram.
• Foliar application of 2% urea at
pre-flowering and flowering stage
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of green gram.
• Spray 1% urea in vegetable crops
• Organic mulching to check water
loss
• Green manuring
• Remove the pest and disease
infected plants from the main
field.
Medium Land
Rice Lalat, Surendra, Konark • Close the drainage hole and check
the seepage loss in medium land
rice regularly.
• Increase the height of bunds.
• Withhold N fertilizer
• Withhold beushaning
• Raise community nursery
• Other sources of water is to be
utilized for raising nursery.
Seed village,
Tractor, power
tiller, rotavator
under RKVY
Low land
Rice Swarna, Pratikshya • Close the drainage hole and check
the seepage loss.
• Withhold N fertilizer application till
receipt of rainfall.
• Transplant seedlings up to 45 days
old.
Seed village,
Tractor, power
tiller, otavator
under RKVY
18
• Follow need based plant protection
measures against stem borer and
blast.
• Use tractor, power tiller, otavator
for speedy land preparation.
• Follow close planting of 4-5
seedlings per hill.
• Apply full P, K and 50 % N at the
time of transplanting
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season drought
(delayed onset)
Major farming
situation
Crop/cropp
ing system
Change in crop/cropping
system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
implementation
Delay by 8 weeks
(specify month)
August 3rd
week
Upland Rice Greengram, Blackgram,
Cowpea, Sesamum,
Vegetables, Chilli, Okra
• Provide life saving irrigation
• Remove the pest and disease infected
plants from the field.
NFSM, RKVY,
Seed village
scheme
Medium land Rice Lalat, Surendra, Konark • Close the drainage hole and check the
seepage loss in direct sown medium land
rice regularly.
• Withhold N fertilizer application till
receipt of rainfall.
• Provide life saving irrigation.
• Weed incorporation through cono weeder.
RKVY, Seed
village scheme
Low land Rice Swarna, Pratikshya • Close the drainage hole and check the
seepage loss.
• Increase bund height.
• Withhold N fertilizer application till
receipt of rainfall.
• Transplant seedlings up to 45 days old.
• Follow plant protection measures against
stem borer and blast in nursery.
• Use tractor, power tiller, otavator for
speedy land preparation.
Tractor, power
tiller, rotavator
under RKVY
19
• Follow close planting of 4-5 seedling per
hill.
• Apply full P, K and 50 % N at the time of
transplanting.
• Apply life saving irrigation.
Low land Fallow Boro rice (Var. Lalat,
Chandan, Konark, Naveen,
Khandagiri)
• Sowing of rice after recession of water Seed village,
RKVY
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season
drought (Normal
onset)
Major farming
situation
Crop/cropping
system
Crop Management Soil nutrient &
moisture conservation
measures
Remarks on
implémentation
Normal onset
followed by 15-20
days dry spell after
sowing leading to
poor
germination/crop
stand etc.
Upland Rice - When more than 50% mortality, Re sow
in the month of July when sufficient rain
water have received.
- If less than 50% mortality, Gap filling
with fresh seedlings.
- No beushaning in direct sown rice.
- Intercropping & mixed cropping.
- Grow low water requirement crops green
gram (K-851, Sujata, PDM-54) Blackgram
(T-9, PU-19, PU-30, Sarala), Cowpea
(SEB-2, Pusa barsati, Utkal Manika) ,
These crops may be gap filled and re sown
with subsequent rains.
- Soak the paddy seeds in sodium
phosphate solution (358mg/ltr. of water)
for 6 hrs. and dry seeds before sowing for
better germination and growth of
- In wide as well as
closed spaced row sown
crops complete hoeing,
weeding followed by
ridging to the base of the
crop rows at 20 days after
sowing for in-situ
moisture conservation.
- Apply portion of FYM
in the seed furrows at the
time of sowing to
conserve moisture for
sustaining the seedling
from early drought.
- Avoid deep tillage.
- Provide dust mulch.
- Provide organic
• Farm pond under
NREGS, IWMP,
diesel pump sets
and KB pumps
in tank fed areas
under RKVY
and NFSM.
20
seedlings.
- Spray the crop with Potassium silicate
(10%) or 10 ppm Cycocel to overcome the
drought effect in Rice.
- Grow drought tolerant / escaping
varieties such as Annada, Pathara,
khandagiri, Kalinga-III, Heera, Vandana
mulching.
- Provide life saving
irrigation.
- Provide irrigation at
critical stages.
Up & Medium lands Vegetables like
Cowpea, Okra &
Brinjal
Mulching with dry
leaves, plastic mulching,
application of organic
manures, water in ponds
reservoirs and water
bodies are to be utilized,
micro irrigation like drip
irrigation, sprinkle
irrigation must be
provided.
• Supply of seed
drills and
intercultural
implements
through RKVY.
• Good quality
seeds through
NFSM and
OSSC.
Medium & low land Rice - If Rice population is less than 50% re
sow the crop. Select medium duration (125
days).
- Sprouted seeds may be direct seeded or
fresh seedlings may be raised for
transplanting.
- If the rice population is more than 50%,
carry out weeding and adjust the plant
population by Khelua and clonal
propagation.
- Raise community nursery of rice at a
reliable water source to save time for
further delay.
- Sow the seeds at 3-5 cm depth by punji
method (10-15 seeds) at one point, cover it
Good quality
seeds through
NFSM and OSSC.
21
with a mixture. FYM: SSP (10:1) to avoid
seedling mortality due to moisture stress in
low land.
Saline soil Rice - Gap fill the crop by transplanting - Provide irrigation
- Use FYM/organic
matter.
- Green leaf manuring.
- Application of zinc.
- Application of gypsum.
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Mid season
drought (long dry
spell, consecutive 2
weeks rainless (>
2.5 mm period)
Major farming situation Crop/cropping system Crop Management Soil nutrient & moisture
conservation massues
Remarks on
implémentation
At vegetative stage Upland Rice -In direct sown rice
beushaning is to be
done after receipt of
rain with khelua
operation.
- Weeding operations.
- Harvesting of rain
water.
- Life saving irrigation.
-Irrigation at critical
stages.
- Top dress the crop after
receipt of rain.
Good quality seeds
through NFSM and
OSSC.
Green gram PDM-54, PDM-139, K-
851
- Foliar application of 2%
urea at pre flowering and
flowering stage is helpful
22
to mitigate drought.
- Complete hoeing and
weeding in crop field to
provide dust mulch.
Black gram PU-19, PU-30,PU-31,
T-9, Sarala
- Spray 2% KCL+ 0.1 ppm
boron to overcome
drought.
- Complete hoeing and
weeding in crop field to
provide dust mulch.
Sugarcane - Remove the borer
affected tiller/ late
formed tillers/ dried
leaves and follow
wrapping and propping
as chains- stripe the
lower 4-5 leaves.
- Complete hoeing and
weeding in crop field to
provide dust mulch
Medium & Low land Rice - Do not practice
Beushaning if the crop
is more than 45 days
old, weed out the field
- Use seedling of same
age of clonal tillers for
gap filling to have a
uniform distribution of
plant after rain.
- 45 and 60-70 days old
seedling can be
transplanted in case of
medium and late
duration varieties
respectively.
- Strengthen the field
bunds, close the drainage
holes and check the
seepage loss in direct sown
medium land rice
regularly.
- Apply 50% recommended
N at the time of
transplanting.
- Top dress after receipt of
rainfall.
23
- Follow close
transplanting using 5-7
seedlings per hill.
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Mid season drought
(long dry spell)
Major farming
situation
Crop/cropping system Crop Management Soil nutrient & moisture
conservation massues
Remarks on
implémentation
At reproductive stage Up land Rice
Harvest the crop at
physiological maturity
- Check drainage, seepage
loss.
-Provide protective
irrigation through recycling
of harvested rain water.
- Provide life saving
irrigation.
- Raise the height of bunds.
- Recycling of rainwater.
- Seed treatment with CaCl2
.
- K & B application before
flowering.
- Provide irrigation at
critical stages such as
flowering, grain filling.
Cowpea, Maize, Green
gram
- May be harvested for
fodder purpose to avoid
their failure as grain
crops
Wide spaced crops like
sugarcane , Maize etc.
- Provide irrigation in
alternate furrows
24
Medium & Low land Rice Harvest the crop at
physiological maturity
- Check drainage, seepage
loss.
- Provide irrigation at
critical stages such as
flowering, grainfilling.
- Provide life saving
irrigation.
- Raise the height of bunds.
- Recycling of rainwater.
- Seed treatment with CaCl2
.
- K & B application before
flowering.
- Provide irrigation at
critical stages such
flowering, grain filling.
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Terminal drought
Major farming
situation
Crop/cropping system Crop Management Rabi crop planning Remarks on
implémentation
Upland, Medium land,
Lowland
Rice
- Harvest at
physiological maturity
stage.
- Life saving irrigation.
- Irrigation at critical
stage.
- Paira cropping.
- Grow pulse crops like
green gram, black gram,
cowpea.
- Under situation of
complete crop failure dibble
the pre-rabi crops in the
standing Kharif crop/
dismantle the Kharif crop
and prepare the land for
pre-rabi crop.
NFSM,RKVY
Green gram, Cowpea Grow for fodder
25
purpose
2.1.2. Drought-Irrigation Situation
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Delayed/limited
release of water
in canals due to
low rainfall
Major farming
situation
Crop/croppin
g system
Change in crop/cropping
system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
implementation
Up land Rice Pulse crops (Green gram,
Black gram, Cow pea)
- Other sources of irrigation.
- Check conveyance loss.
- Growing of short duration varieties.
- Nitrogen application after release of
canal water.
RKVY, NFSM
Medium land Rice - Planting of older seedlings
- More no of seedling/hill
- Apply 50% N at basal
- Raise nursery by dapog method
- Grow short duration paddy
Irrigation through tanks.
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Non release of water in
canals under delayed
onset of monsoon in
catchments
Major farming
situation
Crop/cropping system Change in
crop/cropping system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
implementation
Up land Rice-Vegetables/Pulse Short duration paddy
varieties like Kalinga
III, Heera, Pathara
- Use of ground water.
- Irrigation at critical stages.
- Application of K & B.
- Application of Zinc.
Medium land Rice Rice varieties like
Surendra, Lalata.
- Use of ground water.
- Rain water harvesting.
- Irrigation at critical stages.
- Application of K & B.
- Application of Zinc.
26
Lowland Rice Use of rice varieties
Swarna, Pratikshya
- Use of ground water.
- Rain water harvesting.
- Irrigation at critical stages.
- Application of K & B.
- Application of Zinc.
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Lack of inflows into
tanks due to insufficient
/delayed onset of
monsoon
Major farming
situation
Crop/cropping system Change in
crop/cropping system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
implementation
Upland & Medium
land
Rice Pulse, Vegetables - Use of other source of
water
- Raise bund height.
- Irrigation at critical
stages.
- Life saving irrigation.
- Mulching.
- Weed control through
herbicide application.
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Insufficient groundwater
recharge due to low
rainfall
Major
farming
situation
Crop/cropping
system
Change in
crop/cropping
system
Agronomic measures Remarks on
implementation
Up land Rice Pulse/Oilseed
- Use of other sources of water.
- Furrow irrigation raise bed method of sowing
- Irrigation at critical stages.
- Organic mulching.
- Weed control measures.
- Use of Anti transpirants like PMA/ Kaoline.
- Alternate furrow irrigation.
27
- Ridge & furrow method of irrigation.
- Repair of field bunds to check seepage loss.
- Harvest at physiological maturity.
Any other condition
Water submergence
during maturity stage
due to release of water in
canals
Up &
Medium land
Rice - Provide drainage channel.
- Raise the bund dyke to prevent water entry to the
field.
- Make side channels for release of excess water.
2.2 Unusual rains (Untimely, unseasonable etc) (for the both rain fed and irrigated situations)
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Continuous high
rainfall in a short span
leading to water logging
Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest
Rice - Provide drainage
- K application @ 10 kg/ha after
cessation of rain
- N application to be stopped
- Spraying of Chloropyriphos @
0.02% to control leaf folder.
- Application of Chloropyriphos
dust around the field bund,
spraying of Chloropyriphos @
3.5 ml/lit of water.
- Provide drainage
- K application @ 10 kg/ha after
cessation of rain
- Application of Chloropyriphos
dust around the field bund,
spraying of Chloropyriphos @
3.5 ml/lit of water.
- Provide drainage
- Make alleyway
- Harvesting at physiological
maturity
- Spraying of chemical to
check sprouting
- Application of
Chloropyriphos dust around
the field bund, spraying of
Chloropyriphos @ 3.5 ml/lit
of water.
- Cover the produce.
- Sun drying of the grains &
keep the moisture level to
< 14%
-Application of EDB
ampoules to control rice
weevil & Angoumis grain
moth during storage.
Pulses-Green gram,
Black gram, Cowpea
- Provide drainage
- Spraying of 2% DAP
- Provide drainage
- Provide drainage
- Harvest the produce & carry
to safer place & keep the
- Cover the produce.
- Sun drying of the grains &
keep the moisture level to
28
produce spreading < 14%
- Application of Neem oil/
Mustard oil @ 3 ml/kg of
seed, Dried leaves of Neem,
Begunia to control pulse
beetle during storage.
Oilseeds
Groundnut, Sunflower
- Provide drainage
- Fertilizer to be applied after
cessation of rain.
- Provide drainage
- Provide drainage
- Harvesting & carrying to
safer place & keep the produce
spreading
- Cover the produce.
- Sun drying of the grains &
keep the moisture level to
< 14%
- Polythene lined bags
should be used to prevent
from moisture absorption
during storage.
Horticulture
Coconut - Provide drainage
- Heaping around the plant
- Spraying of Malathion @ 0.02
% to control leaf eating
caterpillar.
- Provide drainage
- Cleaning of the planting site
- Heaping around the plant
- Provide drainage
- Heaping around the plant
-
Mango - Provide drainage
- Heaping around the plant
-Application of 75gm nitrogen,
110 gm. of P and 55gm. K per
plant
- Provide drainage
- Heaping around the plant
- Spraying of endosulfan @
0.02% to control mango hoppers
_ Harvesting must be done
immediately
- Harvested fruits are kept in
a well ventilated room
wrapping with banana
leaves.
Banana - Provide drainage
- Heaping around the plant
- Spraying ridomil-M-Z(25gm)
& Steptocycline(1.5gm) per 10
liters of water to avoid wilt
- Provide drainage.
- Heaping around the plant.
- Spraying ridomil-M-Z(25gm)
& Steptocycline (1.5gm) per 10
liters of water to avoid wilt
- Provide drainage
- Heaping around the plant
-Harvesting should be done
immediately
- Harvested fruits are kept in
a well ventilated room
wrapping with banana
leaves.
Cauliflower - Provide drainage
- Spraying of Malathion @ 0.02
- Provide drainage.
- Heaping around the plant.
- Provide drainage
- Harvesting should be done
Produce must be shifted to a
well ventilated godown &
29
% at 10-15 days intervals to
control aphid, caterpillar.
- Spraying ridomil-M-Z(25gm)
& Streptocycline (1.5gm) per 10
liters of water to avoid wilt
- Spraying ridomil-M-Z(25gm)
& Steptocycline (1.5gm) per 10
liters of water to avoid wilt
immediately
should be marketed as
quickly as possible.
Okra - Provide drainage.
- Heaping around the plant.
- Spraying of Imidachloprid @
4ml/ 10 lits of water to control
white fly.
- Spraying ridomil-M-Z(25gm)
& Streptocycline (1.5gm) per 10
liters of water to avoid wilt
- Provide drainage.
- Heaping around the plant.
- Spraying of Endosulfan @ 0.02
% to control fruit borer of okra.
- Spraying Pesticides like
ridomil-M-Z(25gm) &
Streptocycline (1.5gm) per 10
liters of water to avoid wilt
- Provide drainage.
- Heaping around the plant.
- Spraying of Endosulfan @
0.02 % to control fruit borer of
okra.
Produce must be shifted to a
well ventilated godown &
should be marketed as
quickly as possible.
Brinjal -Provide drainage.
- Heaping around the plant.
- Spraying Ridomil-M-Z(25gm)
& Streptocycline (1.5gm) per 10
liters of water to avoid wilt
- Spraying of endosulfan @
0.05% to control epilachna
beetle.
- Spraying of 0.03 % methyl
parathion to control mite.
-Provide drainage.
- Heaping around the plant.
- Spraying Ridomil-M-Z(25gm)
& Streptocycline (1.5gm) per 10
liters of water to avoid wilt
- Spraying of Cartap
Hydrochloride @ 0.02 % to
control shoot & fruit borer.
- Provide drainage.
- Heaping around the plant.
-Harvesting should be done
immediately
- Produce must be sold in
the local market.
- When huge amount is
produced it should be
transferred to well
ventilated godown.
Heavy rainfall with
high speed winds in a
short span
Rice - Provide drainage
- P & K application
- Boron spray
- Application of zinc
- Provide drainage
- P & K application
- Boron spray
- Application of zinc
- Provide drainage
- P & K application
- Boron spray
- Application of zinc
- Cover the produce.
- Sun drying of the grains &
keep the moisture level to
< 14%
30
- Application of Phospho
Gypsum
- Application of Phospho
Gypsum
- Application of Phospho
Gypsum
- Spraying of chemical against
sprouting
- Application of Neem oil/
Mustard oil @ 3 ml/kg of
seed, Dried leaves of Neem,
Begunia to control pulse
beetle during storage.
Horticulture
Coconut - Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant
- Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant.
- Cutting down of broken leaves,
cleaning around base &
manuring with 500gm urea, 1kg
SSP, 500 gm Potash, 100 gm
micronutrient/plant
- Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant.
- Cutting down of broken
leaves, cleaning around base
& manuring with 500gm urea,
1kg SSP, 500 gm Potash, 100
gm micronutrient/plant &
harvesting should be done
Cutting down of broken
leaves, cleaning around base
& manuring with 500gm
urea, 1kg SSP, 500 gm
Potash, 100 gm
micronutrient/palnt &
harvesting should be done
Mango - Provide drainage
- Heaping around the plant
- Staking of young plants
-Application of 75gm nitrogen,
110 gm. of P and 55gm. K per
plant
- Provide drainage
- Heaping around the plant
Harvesting must be done
immediately
Harvested fruits are kept in
a well ventilated room
wrapping with banana
leaves.
Banana - Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant.
- Propping should be done,
cutting of the broken parts,
cleaning of plantation site,
manuring with 60gm urea,
120gm potash
- Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant.
- Propping should be done,
cutting of the broken plant parts,
cleaning of plantation site
- Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant.
- Harvesting should be done
immediately, cutting of the
broken plant parts, cleaning
of plantation site
-
Cauliflower - Provide drainage
- Removal of damaged
seedlings, heaping should be
- Provide drainage
- Removal of damaged plant
- Heaping should be done around
- Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant.
Produce must be kept in a
well ventilated room and
should be marketed as soon
31
done around the seedlings,
- Gap filling must be done.
the plant - Harvesting should be done
immediately, removal of
damaged plant.
as possible.
Okra - Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant.
- Removal of damaged seedlings
- Gap filling must be done.
- Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant.
- Cleaning of the field, Spraying
of Bavistin 0.2 % +
Steptocycline 0.001 %
- Manuring should be done
- Provide drainage
- Mounding of soil around the
plant.
- Harvesting should be done
immediately,
- Cleaning of the field,
Spraying of Bavistin 0.2 % +
Steptocycline 0.001 %
Produce must be kept in a
well ventilated room and
should be marketed as soon
as possible.
Brinjal - Provide drainage
- Removal of damaged
seedlings, heaping should be
done around the seedling
- Gap filling must be done.
- Provide drainage
- Cleaning of the field, Spraying
of Bavistin 0.2 % +
Steptocycline 0.001 % to control
wilt.
- Spraying Car tap
Hydrochloride @ 0.02 % to
control shoot & fruit borer
- Provide drainage
Harvesting should be done
immediately, Spraying of
Bavistin 0.2 % +
Steptocycline 0.001 % to
control wilt.
Produce must be kept in a
well ventilated room and
should be marketed as soon
as possible.
Outbreak of pests and diseases due to unseasonal rains
Rice - To control stem borer & leaf
folde,r spray the crop with
chlorpyriphos/ Triazophos/
Profenphos @2ml/ltr. of water.
- To control sheath blight spray,
Hexaconazole
@ 0.012 %.
- To control blast spray with
Tricyclazole @ 0.01%.
- To control swarming caterpillar
field bunds should be dusted
with Chloropyrophos @ 25
- To control stem borer, leaf
folder spray the crop with
chlorpyriphos/ Triazophos/
Profenphos @2ml/ltr. of water.
- To control sheath blight spray
Hexaconazole @ 0.012 %.
- To control blast spray with
Tricyclazole @ 0.01%.
- To control swarming caterpillar
field bunds should be dusted
with Chloropyrophos @ 25
kg/ha, spraying with
- Spraying of Imidachloprid @
4ml/10 lit of water to control
BPH.
- To control swarming
caterpillar field bunds should
be dusted with
Chloropyrophos @ 25 kg/ha,
spraying with Chloropyrophos
@ 0.035 % in the evening
hours.
- Cover the produce.
- Sun drying of the grains &
keep the moisture level to
< 14%
-Application of EDB
ampoules to control rice
weevil & Angoumis grain
moth during storage.
32
kg/ha, spraying with
Chloropyrophos @ 0.035 % in
the evening hours.
Chloropyrophos @ 0.035 % in
the evening hours.
Green gram, Black gram Spray neem formulation @
5ml/lt. when population of
aphids is low or, dimethoate @
2ml/lt. or imidachloprid @
1ml/4lt. of water when
population is high
Spray neem formulation @
5ml/lt. when population of
aphids is low or, dimethoate @
2ml/lt. or imidachloprid @
1ml/4lt. of water when
population is high.
Spray mancozeb @ 0.3% against
cercospora leaf spot
Spray neem formulation @
5ml/lt. when population of
aphids is low or, dimethoate
@ 2ml/lt. or imidachloprid @
1ml/4lt. of water when
population is high.
Spray mancozeb @ 0.3%
against cercospora leaf spot
- Cover the produce.
- Sun drying of the grains &
keep the moisture level to
< 14%
- Application of Neem oil/
Mustard oil @ 3 ml/kg of
seed, Dried leaves of Neem,
Begunia to control pulse
beetle during storage.
Horticulture
Coconut - - Application granular
insecticides mixed with sand to
control red palm weevil &
Rhinoceros beetle
- Application granular
insecticides mixed with sand
to control red palm weevil &
Rhinoceros beetle
Mango -Application of Chloropyriphos
dust to control leaf eating beetle
-Application of Chloropyriphos
dust to control leaf eating beetle
- Application of Chloropyriphos
@ 0.02% to control leaf webber
-Application of poison bait
trap(Methyl Eugenol with
Malathion & gur) and
pheromone trap
-Spraying of Mancozeb @
0.03% to control anthracnose
- Harvested fruits should be
kept in a well ventilated
room to avoid fruit rotting.
Banana Panama wilt- Spraying insecticide
like ridomil-M-Z(25gm) &
Steptocycline(1.5gm) per 10 liters
of water to avoid wilt
Panama wilt- Spraying insecticide
like ridomil-M-Z(25gm) &
Steptocycline(1.5gm) per 10 litres
of water to avoid wilt
Harvesting should be done
immediately
Harvested fruits should be
kept in a well ventilated
room wrapping with banana
leaves
Cauliflower - Spraying of endosulfan 2gm/lt to
control leaf eating caterpillar,
Spraying of Blitox -50 (30gm) &
Steptocycline(1.5gm) per 10 liters
of water to control root rot.
Spraying of Endosulfan 2gm/lt to
control leaf eating caterpillar,
Spraying of Blitox -50 (30gm) &
Steptocycline(1.5gm) per 10 liters
of water to control root rot
Harvesting should be done
immediately
-
33
- Perform soil drenching to the base
of the plant with a solution of
Carbendazim (0.15%) &
Streptocycline (0.015%) at 10DAP,
25 DAP, & 40 DAP coinciding
with intercultural operaration.
Okra - Spraying of Endosulfan 2gm/lt to
control leaf eating caterpillar,
YMV, Spraying of Blitox -50
(30gm) & Steptocycline(1.5gm)
per 10 litres of water to control
wilt.
- Perform soil drenching to the base
of the plant with a solution of
Carbendazim (0.15%) &
Streptocycline(0.015%) at 10DAP,
25 DAP, & 40 DAP coinciding
with intercultural operaration.
Spraying of Endosulfan 2gm/lt to
control leaf eating caterpillar,
YMV, Spraying of Blitox -50
(30gm) & Steptocycline(1.5gm)
per 10 litres of water to control wilt
Harvesting should be done
immediately, spraying of
triazophos 2ml/lt to control
YMV
Spraying of triazophos
2ml/lt to control YMV
Brinjal Spraying of endosulfan 2gm/lt to
control leaf eating caterpillar,
epilachna beetle Spraying of
Blitox -50 (30gm) &
Steptocycline(1.5gm) per 10
litres of water to control wilt.
If total crop is damaged replace
the crop & mix the soil with
stable bleaching powder @15 kg
/ha at the time of final land
preparation & transplant the
seedlings after 5-7 days.
Seedling root dip for 15 min. in
0.015% Streptocycline or, 0.15%
plantomycine.
Perform soil drenching to the
Spraying of endosulfan 2gm/lt to
control leaf eating caterpillar,
epilachna beetle Spraying of
Blitox -50 (30gm) &
Steptocycline(1.5gm) per 10
litres of water to control wilt
Harvesting should be done
immediately,
34
base of the plant with a solution
of Carbendazim (0.15%) &
Streptocycline(0.015%) at
10DAP, 25 DAP, & 40 DAP
coinciding with intercultural
operaration.
Cucurbits - Spray Ridomil MZ 0.15%
against downy mildew
Spray Ridomil MZ 0.15%
against downy mildew
-
2.3 Floods
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Transient water
logging/partial
inundation
Seedling/nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Rice - Provide drainage
- Raisedbed nursery
- Raised dapog method of nursery to
transplant wherever possible
- Maintain a buffer nursery in the
backyard/high land area to ensure
adequate plant population in the field
after flood damage
- Provide drainage
- If damage is > 50%
retransplant rice crop
- In partially damaged fields
allow rice plants to stand upright
– Do not go for Beushaning
- Weed out rice field, make gap
filling & top dress to boost the
growth
- Provide drainage
- Apply N & K after recession of
water
- Management for swarming
caterpillar & leaf folder
- Provide drainage
- Make alleyway
- Harvesting & carrying to
safer place & keep the
produce spreading
Horticulture
Coconut - Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Manuring with 500 gm urea, 1
kg SSP & 1 kg MOP should be
made
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Manuring with 500 gm urea, 1
kg SSP & 1 kg MOP should be
made
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Manuring with 500 gm
Urea ,1 kg SSP & 1 kg
MOP should be made
35
Mango - Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Staking in young plants
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ 0.25 %
and Steptocycline 0.001 % to control
wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Provide drainage
Harvesting must be done
immidiately
Banana - Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ 0.25 %
and Steptocycline 0.001 % to control
wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Harvesting must be done
immidiately
Cauliflower - Raised bed planting.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Gap filling should be done.
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ 0.25 %
and Steptocycline 0.001 % to control
wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Harvesting must be done
immidiately
Okra - Raised bed planting.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ 0.25 %
and Steptocycline 0.001 % to control
wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Harvesting must be done
immidiately
Brinjal - Raised bed planting.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ 0.25 %
and Steptocycline 0.001 % to control
wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Harvesting must be done
immediately
Continuous Seedling/nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
36
submergence
for more than 2
days
Rice - Provide drainage
-If damaged again make fresh nursery
- Broadcasting/ line sowing of
sprouted seed of relatively short
duration rice varieties in soft puddle
- Provide drainage
- Transplant 40 to 65 days old
seedlings after flood water
recedes
- Makeup plant population by
transplanting clonal tillers
detaching from the old clumps
- Apply moderate dose of
fertilizers
- Reduce N application & apply
recommended P & K as basal to
increase flood resistance
- Top dress N & K in flood
affected areas if situation
permits
- Provide drainage
- Apply N & K after recession of
water
- If crop is completely damaged,
incorporate & go for rabi crops
- Provide drainage
- Make alleyway
- Harvesting & carrying to
safer place & keep the
produce spreading
Horticulture
Coconut - Provide drainage
- Provide drainage
drainage channel should be
made, earthing up must be done
- Provide drainage
drainage channel should be
made, earthing up must be done
- Provide drainage
- Drainage channel should
be made, earthing up must
be done
Mango - Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Staking in young plants
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ 0.25 %
and Steptocycline 0.001 % to control
wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Spraying with Ridomil-MZ
0.25 % and Steptocycline 0.001
% to control wilt.
- Provide drainage
-Mounding should be done
- Provide drainage
Harvesting must be done
immidiately
Banana - Provide drainage
-Earthing up should be done,
Spraying with Ridomil MZ @ 0.15%
- Staking of the plants
- Provide drainage
-Earthing up should be done,
- Provide drainage
- Staking of the plants
-Earthing up should be done,
- Provide drainage.
- Earthing up should be
done, Harvesting should be
37
should be done to avoid wilt Spraying with Ridomil MZ @
0.15% should be done to avoid
wilt
Spraying with Ridomil MZ @
0.15% should be done to avoid
wilt
done immediately.
Cauliflower - Raised bed system of planting
- Provide drainage
- Heaping should be done, Spraying
with Dithane-M-45 @ 5gm along with
Plantomycin @ 1gm/lit of water
should be done to avoid wilt
- In case of partial damaged gap filling
must be done.
- In case of complete damage fresh
nursery must be prepared
- Provide drainage
- Heaping should be done,
Spraying with Dithane-M-45 @
5gm along with Plantomycin @
1gm/lit of water should be done
to avoid wilt
- Provide drainage
-Heaping should be done,
Spraying with Dithane-M-45 @
5gm along with Plantomycin @
1gm/lit of water should be done
to avoid wilt
Harvesting must be done
Okra - Raised bed system of planting
- Provide drainage
-Heaping should be done, Spraying
with Dithane-M-45 @ 5gm along with
Plantomicyne @ 1gm/lit of water
should be done to avoid wilt
- In case of partial damaged gap filling
must be done.
- Provide drainage
- Heaping should be done,
Spraying with Dithane-M-45 @
5gm along with Plantomicyne @
1gm/lit of water should be done
to avoid wilt
- Provide drainage
- Heaping should be done,
Spraying with Dithane-M-45 @
5gm along with Plantomicyne @
1gm/lit of water should be done
to avoid wilt
Harvesting must be done
Brinjal - Raised bed system of planting
- Provide drainage
- Heaping should be done, Spraying
with Dithane-M-45 @ 5gm along with
Plantomicyne @ 1gm/lit of water
should be done to avoid wilt
- In case of partial damage gap filling
must be done.
- In case of complete damage fresh
nursery must be prepared
- Provide drainage
-Heaping should be done
Spraying with Dithane-M-45 @
5gm along with Plantomicyne @
1gm/lit of water should be done
to avoid wilt
- Provide drainage
-Heaping should be done,
Spraying with Dithane-M-45 @
5gm along with Plantomicyne @
1gm/lit of water should be done
to avoid wilt
Harvesting must be done
Sea water Seedling/nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
38
inundation
Rice -Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
- Green manuring
-Application of gypsum
-Application of zinc
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
- Green manuring
-Application of gypsum
-Application of zinc
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
- Green manuring
-Application of gypsum
-Application of zinc
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
- Green manuring
-Application of gypsum
-Application of zinc
Horticulture
Coconut -Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
Mango -Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
Banana -Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
Cauliflower -Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
Okra -Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
Brinjal -Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
-Provide drainage
- Addition of organic matter
-Application of gypsum
39
2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave/Cold wave/Frost/Hailstorm/Cyclone
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Extreme event type Seedling/nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Heat wave
Rice Provide irrigation Provide irrigation Provide irrigation
Horticulture
Coconut Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP
compost must be applied in
the field
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP compost
must be applied in the field
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching must
be done at the base of the plant,
organic manure like vermicompost,
NADEP compost must be applied
in the field
Sprinkling with water,
Irrigation should be done
Mango -Spraying with water
-Irrigation(Pitcher/Drip)
should be provided
-Mulching must be done at the
base of the plant, organic
manure like vermicompost,
NADEP compost must be
applied in the field
-Spraying with water
-Irrigation(Pitcher/Drip) should
be provided
-Mulching must be done at the
base of the plant, organic
manure like vermicompost,
NADEP compost must be
applied in the field
-Spraying with water
-Irrigation(Pitcher/Drip) should be
provided
-Mulching must be done at the
base of the plant, organic manure
like vermicompost, NADEP
compost must be applied in the
field
-Sprinkling with water
Irrigation should be done
Banana Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP
compost must be applied in
the field
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP compost
must be applied in the field
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching must
be done at the base of the plant,
organic manure like vermicompost,
NADEP compost must be applied
in the field
Sprinkling with water,
Irrigation & mulching should
be done
Cauliflower Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching must
be done at the base of the plant,
Harvesting must be done as
early as possible, Spraying
with water
40
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Extreme event type Seedling/nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP
compost must be applied in
the field
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP compost
must be applied in the field
organic manure like vermicompost,
NADEP compost must be applied
in the field
Okra Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP
compost must be applied in
the field
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP compost
must be applied in the field
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching must
be done at the base of the plant,
organic manure like vermicompost,
NADEP compost must be applied
in the field
Harvesting must be done as
early as possible, Spraying
with water
Brinjal Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP
compost must be applied in
the field
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching
must be done at the base of the
plant, organic manure like
vermicompost, NADEP compost
must be applied in the field
Spraying with water, Irrigation
should be provided, mulching must
be done at the base of the plant,
organic manure like vermicompost,
NADEP compost must be applied
in the field
Harvesting must be done as
early as possible, Spraying
with water
Frost
Hailstorm
Cyclone
Rice - Provide drainage
- P & K application
- Application of phospho
gypsum
- If damaged make fresh
nursery
- Broadcasting/ line sowing of
sprouted seeds of relatively
short duration varieties
- Provide drainage
- Transplant with older seedlings
with 5 to 7 seedling/ hill
- Apply 50% N and full P & K at
basal
- Provide drainage
- If crop is damaged incorporate
and go for rabi crops
- Provide drainage
- If crop is damaged
incorporate and go for rabi
crops
41
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Extreme event type Seedling/nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Horticulture
Coconut - Provide drainage
-Uproot the damaged
seedlings
- Gap filling
- Staking of the seedlings
- Provide drainage
- Provide drainage
-Clean the damaged parts
-Apply 500 gm urea, 1 kg super
phosphate, 500gm potash/ plant
Clean the damaged parts -
Apply 500 gm urea, 1 kg super
phosphate, 500gm potash/
plant
Mango - Provide drainage
- Mounding around the plants
- Gap filling
- Staking of the seedlings
- Planting of wind breaks
around the orchad
- Provide drainage
- Mounding around the plants
- Manuring the plants with
75gm. N, 110gm. P and 55 gm.
K per plant
- Provide drainage
-Clean the damaged parts
-Mounding around the plants
- Provide drainage
-Clean the damaged parts
-Mounding around the plants
- harvesting should be done
Banana - Provide drainage
-Uproot the damaged
seedlings
- Gap filling
- Staking of the seedlings
- Provide drainage
-Staking of the plant
-Manuring with 60 gm urea, 120
gm potash along with
vermicompost
- Provide drainage
-Staking of the plant
-Manuring with 60 gm urea, 120
gm potash along with
vermicompost
Harvesting must be done as
early as possible
Cauliflower - Provide drainage
-Uproot the damaged
seedlings
- Gap filling
- Provide drainage
- Application of N&K @ 62.5 &
25 kg/ha respectively
- Provide drainage
- Intercultural operation like
cleaning, hoeing must be done
Harvest the crop immediately
Okra - Provide drainage
-Uproot the damaged
seedlings
- Gap filling
- Provide drainage
- Application of N&K @ 56 &
45 kg/ha respectively
- Provide drainage
-Intercultural operation like
cleaning, hoeing must be done
Harvest the crop immediately
Brinjal - Provide drainage
-Uproot the damaged
seedlings
- Gap filling
- Staking of the seedlings
- Provide drainage
-Apply fertilizer in the field
- Application of N&K @ 62.5 &
55 kg/ha respectively
- Provide drainage
-Intercultural operation like
cleaning, hoeing must be done
Harvest the crop immediately
42
2.5 Contingent Strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries
2.5.1 Livestock
Suggested contingency measure
Before the event During the event After the event
Drought
Feed and fodder availability - Awareness generation among
farmers about management of feed &
fodder
- Advise farmers to preserve forage as
silage& UTPS (Urea treated
Preserved Silage) , Encourage to
produce to more cereal forage crops
-Livestock insurance
Feeding animal with enriched fodder,
common salt mineral mixture at
recommended level only with
maintenance ration.
-Feeding schedule to be normal
adequate maintenance, production and
pregnancy growth ration.
-Availing insurance
Drinking water Establish or renovate tube well &
other source like Public vats.
Providing animals with ORS. Fill the
vats with fresh, clean & cold water
round then clock.
Proving clean water as per requirement
of the animals.
Health and disease management -Creating awareness among farmers
about health care and disease controls
- Preventive measure like mass
vaccination, deworming, and
Serological analysis of possible
infection. Storage of sufficient
medicine to take care of sunstroke/
hyperthermia, indigestion. Provision
to be made for shade to animal house.
Providing shady, well ventilated
housing, taking immediate step to
check sunstroke, Diarrhea and other
ailments of livestock in consultation
with veterinary doctor.
Normal health care to be maintained
Floods
Feed and fodder availability -Storage of feed & fodder at safe
place
- Shifting of livestock to elevated
place.
-Awareness to farmers about the care
Feeding the animals with maintenance
ration only.
Normal ration as per the need of
animals to be provided.
43
& management of animals during
flood time.
Drinking water Renovation of tube well at the
elevated places to make available the
clean drinking water to animals
Arrangements to be made to make
available the clean drinking water to
animals round the clock during flood
time.
Sufficient clean water to be made
available as per requirement
Health and disease management -Awareness to be made among
farmers on management of outbreak
of possible disease during flood time
& health care.
- Prevention of disease may be made
by mass vaccination and deworming.
Sufficient medicine must be stored on
possible disease of livestock.
Farmers are to be supplied with
medicines of disease like Diarrhea
and other disease.
Provision for care ness disposal in to
be made from preventing outbreak of
contagious diseases, on health care
doctors were to be consulted after
receding of flood water.
Cyclone
Feed and fodder availability -Storage of feed & fodder at safe
place
- Shifting of livestock to elevated
place.
Feeding the animals with maintenance
ration only.
Normal ration as per the need of
animals to be provided.
Drinking water Renovation of tube well at the
elevated places to make available the
clean drinking water to animals
Arrangements to be made to make
available the clean drinking water to
animals round the clock during
cyclone time.
Sufficient clean water to be made
available as per requirement
Health and disease management -Awareness to be made among
farmers on management of outbreak
of possible disease during cyclone.
- Prevention of disease may be made
by mass vaccination and deworming.
Sufficient medicine must be stored on
possible disease of livestock.
Farmers are to be supplied with
medicines of disease like Diarrhea
and other disease.
Provision for care ness disposal in to
be made from preventing outbreak of
contagious diseases, on health care.
Heat wave and cold wave
Shelter/environment management - Provision should be made for
willing fan in animal shed.
- Gunny bags to be made wett at the
time of requirement/ as per need.
Inner animal shed temperature should
be maintained at 25’ C as per
44
- Plantation of shady trees round the
animal house
- Hanging wet gunny bags on the
window to make the inner
environment cool. Provide adequate
ventilation so that inner temp to be
maintained at 25’C
- Before preparation of animal house,
orientation to be made so that direct
sunlight is prevented.
- Providing green bed cover around
the farm.
- Awareness to be made on the shelter
making of the animal shed to farmers
well ahead.
- Fans should run round the clock to
make the animal shed cool.
- Shed should be will ventilated.
requirement by running far or welting
the gunny bags.
Health and disease management - Awareness generation among
farmers about management of feed &
fodder
- Advise farmers to preserve forage as
silage & UTPS (Urea treated
Preserved Silage) , Encourage to
produce to more cereal forage crops
Feeding animal with enriched fodder,
common salt mineral mixture at
recommended level only with
maintenance ration.
Feeding schedule to be normal
adequate maintenance, production and
pregnancy growth ration.
45
2.5.2 Poultry
Suggested contingency measure
Before the event During the event After the event
Drought
Shortage of feed ingredients Arrangement should be made to store
unconventional feed substitutes like
dry leaf meal, DORBI Dehisked oil
Rice Bran)
Poultry should be fed with the
unconventional feed substitutes
Normal feeding of the poultry should
be made.
Drinking water Infrastructure to be created to check
wastage of drinking water i,e
provision of nipple drinkers
Clean, fresh and cold water to be
provided to the birds through nipple
drinkers to check/minimize wastage
of drinking water.
Watering can be made by channels,
nipple drinkers as per need by birds.
Health and disease management -Awareness among farmers to be
made on the health care and disease
management of the birds.
- Disposal pits should be made wear
the poultry farm.
- Vaccination and deworming should
be made as preventive.
- Adequate medicines should be kept
to deal with any emergency situation.
- Keep watch on the health status of
the birds or any casuality in the farm
house.
- Proper disposal of the dead birds
should be made.
- Keep the farm cool, well ventilated.
- Don’t change the litter in the house
populated with birds to check dusting
problem.
Regular check up of health of birds to
be done by a Veterinary doctor to
avoid any further diseases.
Floods
Shortage of feed ingredients Ensure procurement of feed
ingradients/compound feed sufficient
ahead as feed supply to the farm will
hamper due to submergence of the
connecting roads
supply the compound feed to poultry
farm under submergence area
Supply will continued till the situation
is under control
Drinking water protect water sources from
submergence
Attempt will be made to provide
sanitized drinking water
water will be sanitized with bleaching
powder or any water sanitizer
Health and disease management Procurement of vaccines and
medicines. Feeding antibiotics.
Continue feeding antibiotics. Prevent
entrance of flood water to the shed.
Disinfection of farm premises. Feeding
antibiotics and deworming. Replace
46
Procurement of litter materials Replace wet litter, Proper disposal of
dead birds if any.
wet litter. Disinfection of sheds. Proper
disposal of dead birds if any
Cyclone
Shortage of feed ingredients Procurement of feed Supply the compound feed to the
poultry farm under cyclone affected
area
Supply will continued till the situation
is normal/ control
Drinking water - Attempt will be made to provide
sanitized drinking water
Water sources will be sanitized with
bleaching powder or any water
sanitizer
Health and disease management Procurement of medicine and
vaccines
Vaccination of birds against different
diseases. Provision should be made
for available of sanitized water
Water sources will be sanitized with
bleaching powder or any water
sanitizer
Heat wave and cold wave
Shelter/environment management Pruning of big trees in the farm.
Putting curtains on open sides of the
shed. Procurement of electrical
accessories. Providing shed to poultry
houses. Providing proper ventilation
Attempt will be made for cooling of
poultry shed by adapting different
cooling methods. Thickness of litter
should be reduced. Ventilation to the
house should be increased by
providing ceiling fans and exhaust
fans
Provision should be made to ensure
proper ventilation to the house
Health and disease management Procurement of antis tress drugs Supplementation of the antis tress
drugs in drinking water. Vaccination
with fowl pox
Vaccination of birds against RD / IBD
47
2.5.3 Fisheries / Aquaculture
Suggested contingency measure
Before the event During the event After the event
Drought
A. Capture
Marine - - -
Inland - - -
Shallow water in ponds due to
insufficient rains/inflows
- Restricted release of water from the
reservoir.
- Supplementary water harvest
structures like pond and tanks has to
be developed. Renovation and
maintenance of existing water harvest
structures
- Species : (Indian Major Carps
(IMC), i.e., Rohu, Mrigal and Catla +
Exotic carps (Silver carp and Grass
carp @ 5000 fingerlings/ha
Application of rice bran + Groundnut
oil cake + vitamins or 80 kg, urea +
40 kg SSP/ha/year: Raw cow dung @
5 t/ha + micronutrient to enhance the
production of phyto plankton and zoo
plankton.
Using CIFAX @ 1 lit/ha or lime and
turmeric powder 10:1 ratio applied @
200 kg/ha during the month of
November and January to control
Ulcerative disease syndrome (UDS)
and Epicortical ulcerative syndrome
(EUS)
Changes in water quality - Prepare to release water into the
habitat.
- Leveling of farm bunds , testing of
water body
- Development high stocking density
Mixing of water from the water
harvest structure like ponds and tanks
into the fish habitat
Monitoring the water quality and
health of aquatic organisms
B. Aquaculture
Shallow water in ponds due to
insufficient rains/inflows
Building deep ditches in culture
ponds for shelter of the fish to
overcome high temperature
Recharge the ponds with bore well
water or water from other sources
Partial harvesting of the stock to
reduce stocking density
Artificial shelter by putting aquatic
floating weeds in 1/3 rd area
-
Impact of heat and salt load build up Application of organic manure in Recharge the ponds with bore well Application of organic manure in
48
Suggested contingency measure
Before the event During the event After the event
in ponds/change in water quality
culture system water or water from other sources
culture system
Floods
A. Capture
Marine - - -
Inland - - -
Average compensation paid due to
loss of human life
Construction of human shelter.
Storage of sand filled bags for
emergency use.
Repair and maintenance of bundles.
Preparedness for relief.
Insurance coverage provision for life
and property.
Timely broadcast and telecast and
other types of announcement warning.
About the danger level with respect to
water level.
Evacuation of people to flood shelter
areas.
Relief operation
Relief operation will continue.
Care and health of affected people.
Settlement of insurance.
Financial support to other people.
No of boats/ nets damaged The boats have to be secured safely to
river / reservoir banks.
Non operation of fixed bag nets in
streams and rivers.
Insurance coverage for nets and boats
Checking of the safety of the boats/
nets.
An inventory log books with name of
crew members should be maintained.
No. of crew and load should be much
below the marked tonnage
Maintenance of boats and nets.
Assessment and settlement of
insurance
No of houses damaged Insurance coverage for houses - Settlement of insurance
Loss of stock - - Assessment of stock (fish population)
and replenishment if stock is depleted.
Habitat restoration for the stock
remaining
Changes in water quality - - Application of lime in tanks.
Application of fertilizer.
Health and diseases - - Observation of health status of fish and
accordingly control measures should
be taken.
Control on transport of brooders and
49
Suggested contingency measure
Before the event During the event After the event
seeds
B. Aquaculture
Inundation with flood waters Strengthening and increase in dyke
height.
This should be constructed with inlet
and outlet facility
Net enclosure should be provided
over the dyke to prevent the escape of
fish from the pond
Repair and strengthening of dyke if
required
Water contamination and changes in
BOD
Application of lime - Application of lime and geolite.
Application of Alum.
Application of KMnO4.
Health and disease management Application of lime - Application of lime and KMnO4.
Assessment of health status of fish and
accordingly control measure should be
taken.
Control on transport of brooders and
seeds
Cyclone
Overflow/flooding of ponds Strengthening and increase in dyke
height.
This should be constructed with inlet
and outlet facility.
Net enclosure should be provided
over the dyke to prevent the escape of
fish from the pond
Repair and strengthening of dyke if
required
Change in fresh/brackish water ratio - - -
Health and disease management Application of lime and KMnO4.
Assessment of health status of fish and
accordingly control measure should be
taken.
Control on transport of brooders and
50
Suggested contingency measure
Before the event During the event After the event
seeds
Heat wave and cold wave
Management of pond environment During hot waves adequate water
depth should be maintained
During hot waves mixing water with
fresh water should be done.
The culture system should be
provided with aeration to avoid
oxygen depletion due to high
temperature.
Partial harvesting can be done to
avoid loss.
-
Health and disease management Application of lime and turmeric Feeding should be stopped
If cold wave persist EUS outbreak
takes place
Application of CIFAX to control EUS
disease in fish