states of matter boiling point & freezing point (enhance)
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
DATA LOGGING : STATES OF MATTER
“ BOILING POINT AND FREEZING POINT”
SSI 3013INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY IN SCIENCE
NAME MATRIK NO.
ARRAFFIE BIN ASGARI D20101037536
NOR AFIFAH BT MD JAMAL D20101037490
NOOR HAZLINA BT IBRAHIM D20101037489
States of Matter“Boiling Point and Freezing
Point”
SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT
Changes in the States of Matter:• Heat is a form of energy which moves the particles in matter• Changes in the states of matter can occur through heating or
cooling process. This is when the heat energy is absorbed or released from the matter
• The changes in the states of matter which can occur during the changes in heat includes:i. Meltingii. Freezingiii. Boilingiv. Condensationv. Sublimation
• During cooling process, heat will be released from matter and the state of the matter will change from gas to liquid and finally to solid.
ENGAGE
What do you think?
It’s is heating here?
Is it FREEZING here or BOILING?
EMPOWEREMPOWER
PROCEDURE (S) :
1. Connect the sensor to an interface box linked to the computer as shown in figure below.
2. Place the ice in the beaker and observed the state of ice.
3. Place the temperature sensor in the ice. 4. Take reading for every 30 seconds of time
interval until it is boiled.
6. Place Bunsen burner below the beaker for heating the beaker. Click the start button. Observe any transition process and the temperature they start to change.
7. Record the data.8. Plot graph temperature against times.9. Cool the beaker to the room temperature.
Record the temperature and time taken for it to cool.
10.Record the data.11.Plot a graph of temperature against times.
RESULT
HEATING OF WATERTemperature, (oC) Time taken , seconds Phase
0 30 Solid-liquid
0 60 Solid-liquid
0 90 Solid-liquid
0 120 Solid-liquid
30 150 liquid
50 180 liquid
70 210 liquid
100 240 Liquid
100 270 Liquid-gas
100 300 Liquid-gas
100 330 Liquid-gas
100 360 Liquid-gas
100 390 Liquid-gas
100 420 Liquid-gas
100 450 Liquid-gas
100 480 Liquid-gas
120 510 vapor
142 540 vapor
160 570 vapor
Temperature, oC Time taken , minutes89 184 281 380 480 580 680 780 880 980 1080 1179 1277 13
77.5 1476 1574 1670 1768 18
COOLING OF WATER
The graph of temperature against time taken for heating of water
The graph of temperature against time taken for cooling process
DISCUSSION
• The melting process is a process where the solid phase changed to liquid phase under specific pressure. The evaporation process is a process where the liquid phase is changed to gas or vapors phase.
• The substance used is water. The melting point of water is 0 oC and temperature stay the same as the melting process occurred. When water is heated, the particles gain energy and move faster as to move away their positions and begun to vibrate around each other.
DISCUSSION:
• The temperature during boiling process is constant which 100 oC because the boiling point of water is 100 oC. When a liquid is heated, the particles gained energy and tends to moved faster. Some particles in water, which have enough energy to escape into air to from vapor and this process is known as evaporation.
• During solid phase, the water molecules are vibrated around the point and not free to move. It is expand, but, in a small value when heat is supplied. This is due to the strong force between the molecules. The energy in the particles is low.
• During liquid phase, the water molecules moved in random arrangement but still in fairly stick together. The energy in the molecules is moderate.
• During gas phase, the water molecules moved in fast and randomly. The energy in the particles in very high.
• During the cooling process, the particles loss of energy and they came closer together. As they collide, they will stick together to form droplets forming a liquid. During this process, energy in particles is loss due to less energy is needed as they are cooling.
Enhance
Water Sterilization (Boiling)
Steam Turbine
Water Sterilization
Boiling can be used as a method of portable water purification.Bringing water to the boil is effective in killing or inactivating most bacteria, viruses and pathogens. Boiling is the most certain way of killing nearly all microorganisms.
According to the Wilderness Medical
Society, water temperatures above 160°F (70°C) kill all pathogens within 30 minutes and above
185°F (85°C) within a few minutes.
So in the time it takes for the water to reach the boiling
point (212°F or 100°C) from 160°F
(70°C), all pathogens will be
killed, even at high altitude.
To be extra safe, let the water boil rapidly for one
minute, especially at higher altitudes since water boils at
a lower temperature.
Steam Turbine
A rotor of a modern steam turbine, used in a power plant
A steam turbine is a device that
extracts thermal energy from
pressurized steam and uses it to
do mechanical work on a rotating output
shaft.
The turbine generates rotary
motion, it is particularly suited to
be used to drive an electrical generator.
The steam turbine is a form of heat engine that derives much of its improvement
in thermodynamic efficiency through the use of multiple stages in the expansion of the steam,
which results in a closer approach to the ideal reversible process.
In the United States (1996), about 90% of all electricity generation is by use of steam
turbines.
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