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Station Port Aransas, Texas Reserve Study Guide

Boat Crewmen Study GuideCrew Efficiency Factors and Team Coordination

Crewman Responsibilities Crew members safely perform their duties under the supervision of a coxswain. They stand:

o Helm.o Lookouto Towing watches.o Anchor watch.

They also:o Rig towing and mooring lines.o Act as the surface swimmer.o Administer first aid.o Operate damage control equipment.

This position provides valuable training for future duties and responsibilities

Fatigue Fatigue Causes

o Operating in extreme hot or cold conditionso Eye straino Effort of holding and maintaining balanceo Stresso Exposure to noiseo Exposure to suno Poor physical conditioning o Lack of sleepo Boredom

Crewmen Responsibilityo Watch each other’s condition to prevent excessive fatigue from taking its toll.

Symptomso Inability to focuso Mental confusion or judgment erroro Decreased motor skills and sensory abilityo Increased irritabilityo Decreased performanceo Decreased concern for safety

Prevention o Adequate resto Appropriate dress for conditionso Rotate crew dutieso Provide food and refreshments o Observe other crewmembers for signs


Motion Sickness

Motion sickness is nausea caused by an imbalance between visual images and the portion of the middle ear that senses motion

Causeso Mental and physical stress from the rolling or pitching motion of a boat.o Chart work or other tasks that require close attention.

Symptomso Nausea and vomitingo Increased salivation o Unusual palenesso Sweatingo Drowsinesso Weaknesso Stomach discomfort

Preventiono Stay out of confined spaceso Stay above deck in fresh airo Look towards the horizon or shorelineo Avoid smoking

Medicationo Scopolamine patches

Team Coordination

Seven Team Coordination Skillso Mission Analysiso Communicationo Situational Awarenesso Assertivenesso Leadershipo Adaptability and Flexibilityo Decision Making

First Aid and Survival

Bleeding Control

Control of severe hemorrhage is always urgent. With only 10 pints of blood in the human body, arterial bleeding can cause death in a short time.

Types of Bleeding Arterial

o Blood coming from an artery, bright red, gushes in jets with pulse Venous

o Blood coming from a vein, dark red, steady flow


Capillaryo Blood coming from smaller vein, bright red, oozes from wound

Control of Bleeding Bandage Direct Pressure Pressure Points

o Facialo Temporalo Subclaviano Carotido Axiillaryo Brachial

Child pulse

o Radialo Femoralo Poplitealo Doralis Pedis

Tourniquet

Burns

Causes of burns Thermal Chemical Sunburn Electric Shock Radiation

Burn Classification / Burn First Aid First-Degree

o Outer layer of skin, redness, warmth, tenderness and mild pain. Immerse in cool water Flush chemical for 20 min Cover with clean sterile dressing

Second- Degreeo Inner Layers of skin, not prevent rapid regeneration, blisters, severe pain, redness

and warmth. Same a 1st Don’t break blisters

Third-Degreeo Penetrate full thickness of skin, possible white and lifeless to black.

Same as 1st and 2nd Cover burn reduce air exposure Don’t remove clothing unless smoldering Treat for shock Assess vitals every 5 min. No ice No ointment


CPR

CPR Procedures Area safe PPE, Gloves etc. Check responsiveness “Are you OK?” Notify EMS Put on their back Tilt head back Look, Listen & Feel for 5-10 sec. 2 breaths 2 sec. each Look, Listen & Feel 2 breaths to 30 compressions

Hypothermia & Cold Water Survival

Hypothermia Symptoms Pale Skin cold Pupils are dilated Poor coordination Slurred speech Incoherent thinking Unconsciousness Muscle rigidity Weak pulse Labored breathing Irregular hear beat

(HELP) Heat Escape Lessoning Position

Heat Exhaustion

Symptoms When suffering from heat exhaustion, a person collapses and sweats profusely. The victim has

pale skin, a pounding heart, nausea, headache, and acts restless


Heat Stroke

Symptoms Red skin, hot and dry to the touch (cessation of sweating). Characteristic body temperature above 105° F (40.5° C). Headache. Weak and rapid pulse. Confusion, violence, lack of coordination, delirium, and/or unconsciousness. Brain damage (if immediate medical treatment is not given).

Survival Vest and Contents

Survival Vest Type V PFD 6 pockets

Contents Signaling Mirror

o Great Distances Signal Whistle

o Heard up to 1,100 yards Smoke and Illumination Signal, MK-124

o 20 sec. burn time, day end orange smoke, night end red flair, 45° Illumination Signal Kit, MK-79

o 250-650 feet, 4.5 sec burn time, 12,000 candle power, 7 MK-80s & 1 MK-31 Distress Signal Light

o Intermittent flashing white, 100,000 candle power, 9hr cont. 18hr inter., vis. 5 miles Survival Knife Personal Locator Beacon

o 406 MHz & 121.5 MHz, within 3NM in 90min.,

Capsizing & Emergency Egress

Egress Procedures Brace for impact Remain strapped in until motion has subsided Plan egress with crew

o Best swimmer first then the weakest swimmer


Swim clear and away Muster account for missing Remain upwind/up current Attempt to climb on hull Check injuries provide first aid Inventory signaling equipment, PLB Check for gas before lighting off pyro Stay with the boat

Marlinspike Seamanship, Boat Nomenclature, and Stability

Boat Nomenclature & Terminology

Boat Outfit List & Stowage Plan

Anchor Compartmento Fortress 7lb Anchoro 200ft Anchor line o 3/8” Galvanized anchor shackle (4 ea)o 3/8” Galvanized swivelo ¼”x4’ PVC coated anchor chaino 5 ½”x20” Fender (2 ea)o 25’ Mooring Lines 2” or 2 ¼” DBN

FWD Compartment o Fire Extinguisher

FWD Compartment (B Class)


o Spare kill switch lanyardo 3/16” T-Allen wrencho 90° Phillips screwdriver

FWD STBD Seato Nav. Kit

Briefcase w/ CG logo Pencils China Markers Gum Eraser Note Pad Stop Watch Compass / Dividers Parallel Rule Weems Plotter Search Pattern Slide Rule Nautical Slide Rule Coast Pilot Nav. Rules Light List Chart One Anemometer Red Flash Light AOR Charts Pencil Lead Sharpening Pad

STBD Seato First aid kito Hand bilge pump

Electronicso Nav. Lightso Blue Lightso Flood Lightso Interior / Exterior Deck Lightso Instrument Lightso Fathometero Radaro GPSo VHF Radioso Loudhailer / Horn

Port FWD Seato 12 Volt gel cell Batteries (3 ea)

Port Center Seato Tool Kit

10w30 Lube Oil (2 qts) Phillips & Slotted Screwdriver Metric Wrench Set (10mm-20mm) Pliers Rags Hub Kit Spare Kill Switch (2 ea) 3/16” T-Allen Wrench 90° Phillips Screw Driver Spark Plug Wrench w/ 4” extension Prop Nut Wrench

Port Aft Seato Gear Bag


1 ½” DBN Skiff Hook Line 9’ SS Shackles (3/8” & ½”) Mousing Wire Ties (4 ea) Flashlight Dewatering Pump Tie Down Strap

o 5 ½”x20” Fender (2 ea)o 25’ Mooting Lines 2” or 2 ¼” DBNo 35’ Alongside Lines 2” or 2 ¼” DBN

Main Decko National Ensigno CG Ensigno 150’ Towline DBN 2 ¼” w/ cover (B Class)o 24” Throwable Life Ringo Life Ring Strobe Lighto 406 MHz CAT II EPIRBo Throw Line Bago 8’ Boat Hook w/ skiff hook

STBD Deck Lockero Fire Extinguisher (Type B-1)

Variouso Type V PFD (4 ea)o Binocularso Lighting Rodo Towing Mast Light

Boat Characteristics and Specifications Design

o Deep-V, rigid mono-hull Hull and Deck

o ¼inch 5086 Marin grade aluminum Cabin

o 5052 Marine grade aluminum Collar

o Polyethylene Manufacturer

o SAFE Boat International Windows

14 Cabin Dewatering Pump

o Rated 1100 gallons per hour @ 2 ½inch of water located starboard aft passenger seat

Manual Bilge Pumpo 10 strokes per gallon and 6 gallons per minute

Heading Sensoro Located centerline aft bulkhead under the step

Number of Frameso 20

Water Tight Bulkheado Frame 16

Diesel Fuel Heater Tank2.5gal starboard aft deck locker

Engine Weighto 633 pound


Horn o 106 dB

Throw Line Bago 70-100ft work load 500lb 3/8”

Life Ring Strobe Lighto 36hr continuous

EPIRBo 0.05NM, with in 5 min

Steering Wheelo Mono ® 16” 3 spoke

Searchlight180,000 candle power, tilt 9° up and 17° down

Fuel Consumption46kts 44gph

Physical Characteristics Design Length of Hull

25’ 2 ½” Length Overall

29’ 6 ½” Length at Waterline

22’ 8 ½” Beam Overall

8’ 6” Operational Draft

39” Draft Engines Tilted Up

23 ¼” Height of Nav. Mast on Trailer

12’ 8” Height of Radar Dome Trailer

11’ ½” Height of Search Light Trailer

9’ 7” Highest Fixed Point Trailer

9’ ½” Crew Capacity

4 Passenger Capacity

6 Fuel Tank Capacity

105gal @ 95% = 100 gal Propulsion

o 2 Honda 225-HP 4 Stroke Propeller

o 14x19 Mercury Offshore or Vensura Boat Weight – empty

o 7400 Max Weight –Fully loaded with crew

o 9200 Weight – Fully Loaded on Trailer

o 9450Operational Characteristics

Max Speedo 46kts @ 6000RPM

Seating Total = 10


Cruise Speedo 35kts @ 4500RPM

Max Rangeo 150NM

Windo 25kts

Seao 6ft

Towingo 10 displacement tons

Operation Offshoreo 10NM

Air Tempo 0 – 105°F

Water Tempo 28 – 95°F

Stability

Center of Gravityo Weight of the boat acts vertically downward, lower center of gravity more stable.

When weight is add the center of gravity moves with the direction of the weight being add.

Buoyancyo Upward force of water displaced by the hull

Equilibriumo Buoyancy over gravity

Rollingo Downward force of gravity is offset by upward force of buoyancy

Heelingo The center of gravity is no longer in line with the center of buoyancy


Listingo Center of gravity is not on the centerline, boat will heel until equilibrium is reached

Types of Stabilityo Longitudinal

Fore & Aft, preventing it from pitching end-over-endo Transverse

Athwartships, Keeps the boat from rolling over Static & Dynamic Forces

o Static Internal forces

o Dynamic External forces

Boat Handling

Anchoring

1.) Shank – Aids in setting & weighing the anchor. Attachment point for the anchor for the anchor line2.) Flukes – Dig in the bottom & bury the anchor, providing holding power3.) Crown – Lifts the rear of the flukes, & forces the flukes into the bottom4.) Stock – Prevents the anchor from rolling or rotating


Scope of Line Ratio range between 5:1 & 7:1

o (Example: for the 5:1 ratio, anchoring in 20ft of the rope should be 100ft)Anchor Description

Fair - Clean Fouled – Hung up / Caught on bottom Shawed - Muddy/ Dirty

Common Navigation Lights

Port Light Red

Starboard Light Green

Light Configuration Sidelight – 112.5* Masthead Light – 225* Stern Light – 135* All around – 360*

Navigation Lights Sailing

o Red / Green Trawling

o Green / White Fishing

o Red / White Restricted in Ability to Maneuver

o Red / White / Red Not Under Command

o Red / Red Constrained by Draft

o Red / Red / Red Pilot

o White / Red Anchor

o Masthead Lights Aground

o Red / Red

Common Navigation Shapeso Sailing

o Fishing


o Not Under Command

o Restricted in Ability to Maneuver

Middle row of image below (BALL/ DIAMOND/BALL)o Engaged in Dredging or Underwater Operations

o Constrained by Draft

o Anchor

o Aground

Sound Signals

International * Alter course to starboard ** Alter course to port *** Astern propulsion -*-* Agree to overtaking - Bend signal ***** Danger --* Intend to overtake on starboard side --** Intend to overtake on port side

Inland * I intend / agree to port to port passing ** I intend / agree to starboard to starboard passing *** Astern propulsion ***** Danger - Underway


Distress Signals

Inland OnlyHigh Intensity White Light

Communication

Radio Communication

CH (6) / 156.3 MHz SAR Ship – Ship CH (12) / 156.6 MHz Ship – ShipCH (13) / 156.65 MHz Bridge – BridgeCH (16) / 156.8 MHz International DistressCH (21) / 157.05 MHz Intra CG (Secondary)CH (22A) / 157.1 MHz CG – NonCH (23A) / 157.15 MHz (Primary)CH (81) 157.075 MHzCH (83) 157.175 MHz

Navigation

Variation and Deviation

Variation - Magnetic variation is the difference between true bearings and magnetic bearings and is caused by the different locations of the Geographic North Pole and the Magnetic North Pole plus any local anomalies such as iron deposits. Variation is the same for all compasses in the same location and is usually stated on good quality maps and charts, along with the date it was measured.


Deviation - Magnetic deviation is the difference between magnetic bearings and compass bearings. Deviation varies for every compass in the same location and depends on such factors as the magnetic field of the boat, wristwatches, etc. The value will also vary depending on the orientation of the boat. Magnets and/or iron masses can be used to correct for deviation so that a particular compass will accurately give magnetic bearings. More commonly, however, a correction card will be drawn up listing errors for the compass which can then be compensated for arithmetically.

Correcting & Uncorrecting for Compass Error

“Correcting” is going from magnetic direction (M) to true (T), or going from the compass direction (C) to magnetic (M). To apply compass error to correct course or direction:

• Take the compass course.• Apply deviation to obtain the magnetic course.• Apply variation to obtain true course.

The sequence of the procedure is outlined below:

• Compass (C).• Deviation (D).• Magnetic (M).• Variation (V).• True (T).

MEMORY AIDApplying compass error:Can Dead Men Vote Twice At Election(Compass) (Deviation) (Magnetic) (Variation) (True) (Add) (Easterly error)Add easterly errors - subtract westerly errors

For the compass course is 127°, variation from the compass rose is 4° W, and the deviation from the boat’s deviation table is 5° E. Then, the true course (T) is obtained as follows:

Step Procedure1.) Write down the correction formula:

• C = 127°• D = 5° E• M = 132°• V = 4° W• T = 128°

2.) Compute the information opposite the appropriate letter in the previous step.3.) Add the easterly error of 5° E deviation to the compass course (127°) and obtain the magnetic course of 132°.4.) Subtract the westerly error of 4° W variation from the magnetic course (132°).5.) The true course is 128°.Converting from true (T) direction to magnetic (M), or going from magnetic (M) to compass(C) is “uncorrecting”. For converting from true course to compass course:

• Obtain the true course.• Apply variation to obtain the magnetic course.• Apply deviation to obtain the compass course.


MEMORY AIDConverting true course to compass course:True Virtue Makes Dull Company After Wedding(True) (Variation) (Magnetic) (Deviation) (Compass) (Add) (Westerly error)Subtract easterly errors - add westerly errors

Dead reckoning (DR)

Dead reckoning is the determination of approximate position by advancing a previous position for course and distance only, without regard to other factors, such as, wind, sea conditions and current.

Mission Oriented Operations

Man Overboard

Rescue Swimmer

Stokes Litter

Towing

Dewatering Pump (USCG-P6)

Description 6 ½hp 4 cycle engine 3inch suction and discharge hoses Priming at 12ft in less than a minute 250 gpm

1.) Gray2.) Blue3.) Red4. )Green5.) Black


4 gallon fuel tankDamage Control

The RBS does not contain a damage control kit. However, most items can be used to plug holes on a sinking boat if needed. Use various shocks and wedges and makeshift items to stop the sea from coming into a space that would effect a vessels stability.

Fire Fighting Fire fighting is not performed from the RBS unless a Certified Fire Officer is in

direction of the crew and permission has been given by the Chain of Command.

BECCE (Basic Engineering Casualty Control Exercise) All BECCE drills will result in a crewmen to rig and ready the anchor. This will

be the first sentence with most BECCE’s for any other crewman underway unless otherwise specified.

FIRE The other crewmen should grab the fire extinguisher from the cuddy cabin. This is

the primary extinguisher on the RBS for anything on the aft of the boat. Attempt to extinguish the flames by putting the extinguisher through the air intake

vents on the cowling If the extinguisher is depleted, use the second extinguisher if accessible in the

starboard deck locker. If the fire is still out of control, the coxswain may back down hard on the other

engine to wash water over the aft end. Contact Station

Loss of Steering Check space behind steering console. Check fluid levels in helm Check for kinks in hoses near outboards Contact Station

Collision with a Submerged Object Check all spaces starting from the Bow and working your way aft. Check for sheen on water. Inspect each prop. Feel for cavitation and vibration. Contact Station

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