Chander Shekhar Roll No 15Chander Shekhar Roll No 15Chandan Jha Roll No 14Chandan Jha Roll No 14MBA 2nd YearMBA 2nd Year

Team Members:Team Members:

Production process ### 3 M…..

MACHINEM/C vibrationMACHINE

M/C vibration

MATERIALTemp, Humidity

MATERIALTemp, Humidity

MENHuman action

MENHuman action

Management does not want to shut down a process that is operating in control, nor does it want to continue operating a process that goes out of control

• Distractions /problems/variations /breakdowns are inevitable ……

• Management* keep a watchful eye on the process adopted by users .

• P to P have a crucial role in the overall process and all need to be mindful & careful of the consequences of not paying attention.

Process Control

• What is it? Process Control consists of the systems and tools used to ensure that processes are well defined, performed correctly, and maintained so that the completed product conforms to established requirements.

• Process Control is an essential element of managing the production floor to ensure the Quality, safety….etc and reliability of the OUT PUT. It is recognized that strict process control practices will aid in the prevention of process escapes that may result in or contribute to anomalies, mishaps, incidents and non conformances.

• To nip the evil in the Bud.

Statistical Process Control • “Early detection and prevention ”

Statistical process control uses sampling and statistical methods to monitor the quality of an ongoing process such as production operation....,working of a BPO..

Purpose :SPC……

• To provide a cost and time effective method to stream line the out put before defective items are actually produced

How SPC work

• By collecting data from samples at various points within the process and changing \ controlling\ variations \ validating in the process.

Benefits..

• Quality of the end product or service can be detected \monitored and corrected on line.

• To reduce waste .• To ensure uniform and better Quality output-

products/service.. • SPC also indicates when an action should be taken

in a process, but it also indicates when NO action should be taken.e.g weight control

• GO no GO process with in the defined Limits

We all have ability……..

Difference is how we use it ?

Error Code: Unexpected!

Oops! An Error occurred.

• We all have ability……..

• Difference is how we use it ?,Monitor it ,correct it & LET the corrected procedure is being used in the process…

• In addition to reducing waste, SPC can lead to a reduction in the time required to produce the product or service from end to end. This is partially due to a diminished likelihood that the final product will have to be reworked, but it may also result from using SPC data to identify

• bottlenecks,

• wait times,

• other sources of delays within the process.

• Process cycle time reductions coupled with improvements in yield have made SPC a valuable tool

from both a cost reduction

&

Mr. Customer Satisfaction.

Control chart

The control chart is one of the seven basic tools of quality control (along with the histogram, Pareto chart, check sheet, cause-and-effect diagram, flowchart, and scatter diagram

Golden 7 Quality tools

• Cause-and-effect diagram (also called Ishikawa or fishbone chart): Identifies many possible causes for an effect or problem and sorts ideas into useful categories.

• Histogram: The most commonly used graph for showing frequency distributions, or how often each different value in a set of data occurs. • Check sheet: A structured, prepared form for collecting and

analyzing data; a generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes.

Control chart: : Graphs used to study how a process changes over time.

Contd..

• Pareto chart: Shows on a bar graph which factors are more significant.

• Stratification: A technique that separates data gathered from a variety of sources so that patterns can be seen (some lists replace "stratification" with "flowchart" or "run chart").

• Scatter diagram: Graphs pairs of numerical data, one variable on each axis, to look for a relationship.

Control Chart• Also called: statistical process control

• Description

• The control chart is a graph used to study how a process changes over time. Data are plotted in time order. A control chart always has a central line for the average, an upper line for the upper control limit and a lower line for the lower control limit. These lines are determined from historical data. By comparing current data to these lines, one can draw conclusions about whether the process variation is consistent (in control) or is unpredictable (out of control, affected by special causes of variation).

• Control charts for variable data are used in pairs. The top chart monitors the average, or the centering of the distribution of data from the process. The bottom chart monitors the range, or the width of the distribution. If the data were shots in target practice, the average is where the shots are clustering, and the range is how tightly they are clustered. Control charts for attribute data are used singly.

When to Use a Control Chart • When controlling ongoing processes by finding and correcting

problems as they occur. • When predicting the expected range of outcomes from a process. • When determining whether a process is stable (in statistical control). • When analyzing patterns of process variation from special causes

(non-routine events) or common causes (built into the process). • When determining whether your quality improvement project should

aim to prevent specific problems or to make fundamental changes to the process.

Control Chart Basic Procedure• Choose the appropriate control chart for your data. • Determine the appropriate time period for collecting

and plotting data. • Collect data, construct your chart and analyze the

data. • Look for “out-of-control signals” on the control chart.

When one is identified, mark it on the chart and investigate the cause. Document how investigated, what was learned, the cause and how it was corrected

What has been achieved?

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is an effective method of monitoring a process

through the use of control charts