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In the name of Allah The most In the name of Allah The most Beneficent and the most Merciful Beneficent and the most Merciful
““STATISTICS & INFERENCE REPORT”
Analysis on Reliable ISP in Karachi
Submitted to: Submitted to:
Sir Rizwan Farooqui
Submitted by: Submitted by: WAHID JILANI 55301 M. KHIZER HAYAT 55588 MIRZA ATIF BAIG 55383 FAHAD SEHGAL 55540 MUHAMMAD MUDASSIR 55368 MUHAMMAD MOHSIN 55349
PTCL Broadband is the largest and the fastest growing Broadband service in Pakistan. Since its launch on 19th May 2007, PTCL has acquired 730,000 Broadband customers in over 1000 cities and towns across Pakistan, leading the proliferation and awareness of Broadband services across Pakistan.
Wateen Telecom delivers complete solutions for Internet, Voice, Multimedia and Enterprise Solutions that make it the most comprehensive provider for all of Pakistan’s communication necessities. An Abu Dhabi Group venture, Wateen’s vision is to take Pakistan into the digital revolution of the 21st Century and to make Pakistan a regional communications hub, connecting the East with the West and Central Asia with the Middle East.
WorldCall Telecom Limited (WTL), an Oman Telecommunications Company (Omantel), is the most reliable and unique telecom and multimedia service provider in Pakistan.
WorldCall launched its business in June 1996 with payphone operations.
OBJECTIVESTUDY ABOUT THE RELIABILITY OF
INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS (ISP’s)IN KARACHI
Reliability depends on many factors. For ISP company, it depends on:
• Goodwill of the company in the market, • Fast speed of internet at low/ affordable charges with consistent connectivity and satisfied customer services, etc.
For our study we asked Ten (10) Questions related to user choices, preferences and facilities which they often demand from any ISP.The data was collected by using Facebook. Following are the Questions which help us to identify the most Reliable ISP.
1) Gender2) Age3) If you have an offer to get DSL (or Internet) connection, which company
connection would you prefer ? 4) How much Speed you will prefer?5) How much maximum amount would you like to pay? 6) Which type payment mode would you like to pay (post pay or prepay)7) How many hours you use internet in a week? 8) How many computers or devices would you like to use?9) Would you like to recommend your DSL connection to others?10) Are you satisfy with customer support services?
S.NO. Q 1. Q 2. Q 3. Q 6. Q 7. Q 8. Q 9. Q 10.
1 MALE 28 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 1,200 Postpay 20 2 Yes Yes
2 FEMALE 21 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 25 1 Yes Yes
3 MALE 25 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Postpay 30 1 No No
4 FEMALE 22 WORLDCALL 2 MB Rs. 2,400 Prepay 20 3 No No
5 MALE 18 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 21 1 Yes Yes
6 FEMALE 19 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Postpay 22 1 Yes Yes
7 FEMALE 26 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 1,200 Postpay 20 2 Yes Yes
8 MALE 25 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Postpay 19 1 No No
9 FEMALE 22 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 1,500 Prepay 30 3 Yes Yes
10 MALE 19 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 1,200 Postpay 18 2 Yes Yes
11 MALE 20 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 1,500 Prepay 29 2 No No
12 FEMALE 18 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 35 2 No No
13 MALE 18 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Postpay 25 1 Yes Yes
14 FEMALE 22 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 21 1 Yes Yes
15 MALE 28 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 22 1 Yes Yes
16 MALE 24 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 25 1 Yes Yes
17 MALE 22 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Postpay 24 1 No No
18 FEMALE 19 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 1,200 Postpay 25 3 Yes Yes
19 FEMALE 20 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 24 1 Yes Yes
20 MALE 18 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 1,500 Prepay 30 3 Yes Yes
21 FEMALE 18 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 19 1 Yes Yes
22 MALE 22 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 18 1 Yes Yes
23 MALE 25 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 30 1 Yes Yes
24 MALE 24 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Prepay 24 1 Yes Yes
25 MALE 22 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Postpay 20 1 Yes Yes
26 FEMALE 19 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 21 1 Yes Yes
27 FEMALE 24 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 12 1 Yes Yes
28 MALE 21 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 23 1 Yes Yes
29 MALE 19 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Prepay 22 1 No Yes
30 FEMALE 19 WORLDCALL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Prepay 21 1 Yes Yes
31 MALE 27 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 34 2 No Yes
32 FEMALE 22 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 18 2 No No
33 FEMALE 19 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 24 2 Yes Yes
34 MALE 25 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 54 3 Yes Yes
35 MALE 19 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 21 3 No No
36 MALE 23 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 25 3 Yes No
37 MALE 22 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 44 3 Yes Yes
38 MALE 24 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 32 1 No Yes
39 FEMALE 21 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 26 1 Yes No
40 FEMALE 27 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 30 1 Yes Yes
41 FEMALE 26 WORLDCALL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Prepay 30 3 Yes Yes
42 MALE 22 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Prepay 25 2 No No
43 MALE 18 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Prepay 34 2 Yes Yes
44 MALE 19 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 41 4 No No
45 MALE 20 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 39 2 Yes Yes
Q 4. Q 5.
SAMPLE DATASAMPLE DATA
SUMMARY OF SAMPLE DATA
Company Male Female Total Realative
%tage
Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max
PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999
WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500
WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400
5252 2828 8080
Company Male Female Total Realative
%tage
Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max
PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999
WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500
WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400
5252 2828 8080
Wateen 939
PTCL 1055World Call 1700
MEAN
Company Male Female Total Realative
%tage
Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max
PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999
WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500
WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400
5252 2828 8080
PTCL 840
Wateen 799
WarldCall 1800
MEDAIN
Company Male Female Total Realative
%tage
Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max
PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999
WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500
WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400
5252 2828 8080
PTCL 95
Wateen 72
WarldCall 78
Variance
Company Male Female Total Realative
%tage
Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max
PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999
WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500
WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400
5252 2828 8080
PTCL 309
Wateen 270
WarldCall 280
Standard Devaition
WarldCall 280WarldCall 280WarldCall 280
Company Male Female Total Realative
%tage
Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max
PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999
WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500
WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400
5252 2828 8080
WarldCall 1400PTCL 840
Wateen 799
WarldCall 2400
Wateen 1500
PTCL 1,999
MinimumMinimum MaximumMaximum
CONFIDENCE OF INTERVAL FOR PROPORTION Objective:
To construct a 95% Confidence Interval of population proportion of users who are using internet connection of PTCL, Worldcall and Wateen respectively.
Data and Sample Size:The data is primary and has been collected through survey from facebook. A sample of 80 individuals’ was taken.
Sampling technique:The sampling technique that was used in the survey is Convenience Sampling. We have used sample data from Question 5.
Statistical Method:We have applied Confidence interval for a population proportion at 95% level of confidence interval.
Variable No. of user Relative ratio
PTCL 43 0.5375WORLDCALL 14 0.175WATEEN 23 0.2875
Sampe Size, n = 80
( 0.5375 ) + ( 1.960) (0.5375) ( 1 - 05375 ) ( 0.175 ) + ( 1.960) ( 0.175 ) (1 - 0.175 )80 80
PTCL WORLDCALL
0.428 < p < 0.6465 0.0917 < p < 0.2582
( 0.2875 ) + ( 1.960) ( 0.2875 ) (1 - 0.2875 )80
WATEEN
0.18832 < p < 0.386
Statistical Method:We have applied Confidence interval for a population proportion at 95% level of confidence interval.Data:
Z value = 1.96Formula:
Calculation:
Conclusion:Hence with 95% confidence the true percentage of internet users of PTCL is 42.18% to 64.65%, Worldcall is 9.17 % to 25.82% and Wateen is 18.83% to 38.6% in Karachi
HYPOTHESIS TESTING (Individually)Objective:The objective of this test is to find out the average used of internet (in hrs) in a day by Karachi users.
Sample Size, Data:• Sample Size: 80 (PTCL 43, Wateen 23, Worldcall 14) • Primary • Used Sample data from question # 7
Sampling Technique:Convenience sampling has been used
Statistical method:The method we have used is Hypothesis Testing.
Problem:The researcher claims that the average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hours in a day To test the claim, Is there enough evidence to reject the claim at α=0.05.
Data:
Parameters PTCL WORDLCALL WATEEN
Sample Size ( n ) 43 14 23
Mean ( X ) 3.52 hrs 3.19 hrs 3.66 hrs
Standard deviation ( s ) 0.957 1.316 1.25
Mean (μ) 3 hrs 3 hrs 3 hrs
Test: Two tailed test.Step 1Ho : The average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day. (claim)
HA : The average used of internet in Karachi is not 3 hrs in a day.
Step 2Since ∞ = 0.05 and critical values are +- 1.960 ( PTCL) , +-2.145 ( Worldcall) and +- 2.069 (Wateen).
Step 3 Formula :
**When n < 30, t distribution would be used instead of z. The formula would changed to ‘ t ’.
Calculation:
z = 3.52 - 3 t = 3.19 - 3 0.957 1.316
43 14
z = 3.563 t = 0.540
Accept HoReject Ho
PTCL WORLDCALL
t = 3.66 - 3 1.2523
t = 2.532
WATEEN
Reject Ho
Step 4Decision Rule: Two tailed test
Step 5:
Conclusion
For PTCL and WateenSince Z value lies in the rejection region, hence reject Ho and accept HA. Now we can say that average used of internet in Karachi is not 3 hrs in a day.
For WorldcallSince Z value lies in the acceptance region, hence accept Ho and reject HA. Now we can say that average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day.
HYPOTHESIS TESTING (Collectively)
Objective:The objective of this test is to find out the average used of internet (in hrs) in a day by Karachi users.
Sample Size, Data:• Sample Size: 80 (PTCL 43, Wateen 23, Worldcall 14) • Primary • Used Sample data from question # 7
Sampling Technique:Convenience sampling has been used
Statistical method:The method we have used is Hypothesis Testing.
Problem:The researcher claims that the average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hours in a day To test the claim, Is there enough evidence to reject the claim at ∞=0.05.
Data:Sample Size ( n ) 80
Mean ( X ) 3.50
Standard deviation ( s ) 7.718
Mean (μ) 3 hrs
Test: Two tailed test.
Step 1Ho : The average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day. (claim)HA : The average used of internet in Karachi is not 3 hrs in a day.Step 2Since α = 0.05 and critical values are ±1.960 Step 3
Formula :
Z =
**When n < 30, t distribution would be used instead of z. The formula would changed to ‘ t ’.
0.580
Z =
Calculation:
Step 4Decision Rule: Two tailed test
Step 5:
Conclusion
For ALL
Since Z value lies in the acceptance region, hence accept Ho and reject HA. Now we can say that average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day.
14.3 4.95 2.7513.65 4.725 2.625
3.1255.62516.257.8 2.7 1.5
TEST FOR INDEPENDENCE
Objective:The objective of this test is to find the association between the age of the consumers and the amount they pay against the Internet Service.Sample size was 80 and frequency distribution was used for the independence test.
Age Price799-1200 1201-1600 1600 and + Total
18-20 13 6 3 22
21-22 11 6 4 21
23-25 21 2 2 25
26-30 7 4 1 12
52 18 10 80
E =
E1 = 14.3 E7 = 16.25E2 = 4.95 E8 = 5.625E3 = 2.75 E9 = 3.125E4 = 13.65 E10 = 7.8E5 = 4.725 E11 = 2.7E6 = 2.625 E12 = 1.5
0.118
0.227
0.022
0.514
0.344
0.720
1.388
2.336
0.405
0.082
0.812
0.166
Statistic Formula:
The sum of all the Chi-Square values:
7.134
State the hypotheses:
Ho : There is no association between age of the consumers and the amount they pay against the internet service.
HA : There is association between age of the consumers and the amount they pay against the internet service.
Critical Region:
Reject Ho if:
V=(r-1)(c-1)v=(4-1)(3-1)v=(3)(2) = 6
= 12.59
> α , ν
> 0.05 , 6
Graph:
Conclusion:Do not reject Ho as it does not lie in the critical region and conclude that there is no association of age to the amount that is paid against the Internet Service.
GOODNESS OF FIT TEST
Objective :To see whether a frequency distribution fits a specific pattern
Sample Size, Data:•Sample Size: 80 (PTCL 43, Wateen 23, Worldcall 14) • Primary • Used Sample data from question # 3 & 10
Sampling Technique:Convenience sampling has been used
Data:CLAIMA CEO of Internet company wishes to know that whether customers show any preference while selecting Internet Service Provider (ISP)?. The samples of 80 observations were taken from Question 3 and 10 and let Alpha value is 0.05.
No. of subscribersPTCL WATEEN WORLDCALL 43 23 14
Solution:
Step 1
State the hypotheses: Ho : Customers does not show equal preference while selecting Internet Service
Provider (ISP) (Claim)HA : Customers show equal preference while selecting Internet Service Provider (ISP)
If there were no preference, one would expect each frequency to be selected with equal frequency. In this case 80/4 = 26.666
PTCL WATEEN WORLDCALL Observed value 43 23 14Expected value 26.66 26.66 26.66
Step 2Find the critical value. The degree of freedom are (c-1) = 3 - 1 = 2 and the critical value
from Chi-square table is = 5.991 at alpha is 0.05.
Step 3Formula for test value: = (O – E) 2
E X = (43 – 26.66)2 + ( 23 – 26.66) 2 + ( 14 – 26.66) 2 26.66 26.66 26.66 = 16.529
Step 4
GRAPH Right - Tailed - Test
Make the decision. The decision is to reject null hypothesis, since 16.5291 > 5.991
Step 5
CONCLUSION The value lies in rejection region so reject Ho and accept HA, it can be concluded that Customers does not show equal preference while selecting Internet Service Provider. So Test is “Not a good fit”.
CONCLUSION
“ We can say PTCL is a most reliable ISP in Karachi ”Because the company is offering some unique services as compared to
competitors. Like DSL, Smart TV and Land line in ONE connection and also offering fast internet speed with consistent connectivity and also maintaining
satisfied customer services. The most important benefit for student is 30% reduction on internet charges.
REFERENCESWWW.FACEBOOK.COM
WWW.GOOGLE.COMWWW.GEO.TV
WWW.PTCL.COM.PKWWW.WORLDCALL.COM.PK
WWW.WATEEN.COMStatistics for Business and Economics 6th Edition by PAUL NEW BOLD