Status of Deep Sea Fishery Status of Deep Sea Fishery survey in Myanmarsurvey in Myanmar

Aung Htay Oo Aung Htay Oo

Senior Fishery OfficerSenior Fishery Officer

Marine Fisheries Conservation Unit, DOF.Marine Fisheries Conservation Unit, DOF.

aunghtayoo21@gmail.com aunghtayoo21@gmail.com

Introduction• Union of Myanmar has long coastline of nearly 3000 km. total land

area is 67.67 million ha.• The population of Myanmar is 56.52 million.• Three coastal regions

Rakhine coastal region, Naff River to Mawtin point about 740 km. Ayeyarwaddy Delta region, from Mawtin point to the gulf of Mottama,

about 460 km. Taninthayi coastal region, from Gulf of Mottama to the mouth of the

Packchan river, about 1200 km.

Coastline formed several large estuarine, delta system and numerous offshore islands.

• Coastal zone is very diverse array of ecosystem, such as coral reef, sea grass bed, mud and sand flats, mangroves, bays, estuaries etc,.

• There are two major islands grouping the moscos islands in the north and the Mergui (Myeik) archipelago in Taninthayi consists of over 800 islands

Contin:• Union of Myanmar, with an area of

676,577 sq kilometer• A long coastline nearly 3000 kilo meter

from border with Bangladesh to Northern-most Taninthayi division.

• Rich in aquatic resources• Total swamp area is 0.5 million hectares

serving as spawning, nursery and feeding grounds for near shore aquatic and brackish water fauna

• Continental shelf covers 228,751 sq kilometers

• The territorial fishing zone is within 12 nautical miles from baseline

• The EEZ covers 200 nautical off shore from baseline

• Myanmar fisheries water including EEZ is 486,000 sq kilometer

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Fishing Grounds of MyanmarDepartment of Fisheries

GWA

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DEP

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ENT OF FISH ERIES

Rakhine state• Situated in the westernmost part of the nation

• Boarding with Chin state in North and Magway division. Bago and Ayeyarwaddy division in the east and facing Bay of Bangal in the west.

• The area of Rakhine state is 22852.68 sq km.

• Located in tropical monsoon region, temperature never rise or fall extremely.

• Average temperature in Sittwe in May the hottest month of the year is 84º F (29º C), in January the coldest month of the years is 70ºF (21ºC)

• Rakhine gets a lot of rain annually as the north-west monsoon wind blows from the sea.

• Annual rain fall at Thandwe is 221 inches.

Rakhine state (contin:)• Kyauk-Phyu gets 186 inches, Sittway get 203

inches.

• Torrential rainfall and tidal wave rise from sea when cyclones that are formed in the Bay of Bengal, enter Rakhine state, causing proper damages and flooded sea water in the low land area.

• Though the storm appears mostly in early and late period of rainy season. Sometime appear in the mid rainy season.

Rakhine state (contin:)• There are fishing industries in Sittway, Kyaukphyu,

Thandwe and Andrew bay.

• Most of the catch is transported to Yangon directly.

• State own pearl culture station is situated on Apawye island near Thandwe.

• Sun dried fish and salt are produced along the coast, produced sundried indian anchovy Stolephorus indicus and spanish mackerel Scomberomorus commerson as well.

AnalyzerAnalyzer YearYear ReferenceReferenceDemersalDemersal

(ton) (ton) Pelagic Pelagic

(ton)(ton) TotalTotal

Jone, S & Jone, S &

Baner Ji, S.KBaner Ji, S.K

19681968 review of the living resources of review of the living resources of central Indian Ocean Proc. of Symp. In central Indian Ocean Proc. of Symp. In 200 mtr depth range.200 mtr depth range.

775,000775,000 800,000800,000 1,575,0001,575,000

Somura, R. S.Somura, R. S. 19691969 Area review on living resources of the Area review on living resources of the world's ocean FAO fish Circ. world's ocean FAO fish Circ. (109.10.Rev-1) in 200 meter depth line.(109.10.Rev-1) in 200 meter depth line.

625,000625,000 -- --

Prasad, R et alPrasad, R et al 19701970 A quantitative assessment of potential A quantitative assessment of potential fishery resources of Indian ocean & fishery resources of Indian ocean & adjoining seasadjoining seas

326,000326,000 400,000400,000 726,000726,000aa

it seem to it seem to be MSYbe MSY

Gulland, J. AGulland, J. A 19721972 The fishery resources of the Indian The fishery resources of the Indian OceanOcean

625,000625,000 -- --

Narr et alNarr et al 19731973 estimated based on the production of estimated based on the production of carbon per square meter is 0.630 gm carbon per square meter is 0.630 gm

1,512,000 1,512,000 tonnestonnes

Menon, M.D Menon, M.D 19771977 Plan proposal for PPFC for Plan proposal for PPFC for development in the marine fisheries development in the marine fisheries sectorsector

783,000783,000 729,000729,000 1,512,0001,512,000bb

Previous surveys

b= Menon and PPFC team analyzed the trawl catch data of PPFC for 1975-77 and calculated standing stock of demersal fish for Burmese shelf area.

UNDP/FAO Project BUR/77/003• In 1979-80, the research vessel "Dr. Fridtjof

Nenson" conducted survey in Myanmar water.• The objectives of the project, to which these

survey were expected to contribute – To make an estimate of marine fish biomass with

the EEZ of Myanmar and in particular, over its continental shelf.

• Survey methods– Acoustic estimation of biomass of demersal

and pelagic fish.– Estimation by Trawl fishing for identification

and sampling and for assessment of catch rates.– Recording types of bottom samples,

hydrographical profiles form coast to 500 mtr depths for temperature, salinity and oxygen.

• As a result, 1.0 million metric ton of pelagic fish and 0.8 million metric tons of demersal fish are exists as biomass in Myanmar.

Shrimp resource survey • In 1982, Dr. John Tarbit conducted the shrimp

resources survey till 60 mtr depth range in Rakhine area.

• Estimated that 4370 metric tones of shrimp in 5102 sq miles water between 17º to 20º North latitude.

• In 1985, DOF conducted deep sea survey by 533 shrimp trawler, mean catch rate is 31.18 kg/hr

• Then, Thai-Myanmar joint survey was conducted as well and mean catch is 31.6 kg/hr.

• Then, DOF of Myanmar and SEAFDEC conducted two time partial deep sea survey in Myanmar in 2004 and 2007.

FRTV- ChulabhornIn 1990, Joint Myanmar-Thai fishery exploratory Survey has been conducted in Myanmar water

Research operation with FRTV- Chulabhorn

Fishery Biological survey, Acoustic survey and

Oceanographic survey were carried out.

The result of overall catch rate was 183.67 kg/hr with about 79.94%of economically important fish, and 20.06% of trash fish.

A complete classification of 65 families and 226 species were identified from trawl catch.

The highest catch rate observed was 1,473 kg/hr which was obtained at the depth of 105.0 mtr at station No-2 in Delta area.

Myanmar-India oceanographic survey

• In 2002, the joint Myanmar-India oceanographic survey was conducted in Bay of Bengal and Andaman sea.

• To study the marine plankton distribution, benthos, chemical and mineral content of the sea water etc;

• This survey was supported by National Institute of Oceanography

• The survey team from Indian scientists and Myanmar scientists lead by Dr. Swe Thwin who is professor of marine science from University of Mawlamyein.

The activities of SEAFDEC 2 in Myanmar water

•In 2004 and 2007, the oceanographic survey and fishery survey was conducted in Myanmar water.

• FRTV-SEAFDEC 2 from Southeast Asia Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC)

•Survey team scientists from department of Fisheries (Thailand) and Fishery scientists from Department of Fisheries Myanmar.

•Studied the catch composition, species composition, length frequency and oceanographic parameters.

Jointed Ecosystem based deep sea survey in bay of Bengal

•In 2007, the ecosystem based deep sea survey and fishery survey was conducted in Sri Lanka, India and Myanmar water.

• using FRTV-SEAFDEC from Southeast Asia Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC)

•Survey team scientists from India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, DOF of Thailand, SEAFDEC and Myanmar.

•The fishing gears used are gillnet, long line, and automatic squid jigging.

•Studied the catch composition, species composition, length frequency and oceanographic parameters and many sub-projects.

Demersal fishery resource survey in untrawlable fishing ground at Rakhine in January 2009.

• The objectives To investigate the potential resources of some

economically important species. To introduce and carry out trial of appropriate/ responsible

fishing gears and practice for harvesting of fisheries resources on the untrawlable grounds.

• Material and method Fishing gear: Bottom vertical long line Bait : squids Immersion time : 2 hr No of St: 10 stations Topography survey : portable echo sounder Fishing boats: 2 local fishing boats (photos) Researchers from SEAFDEC and DOF Myanmar. 10 local fishermen joined on board

Results and findings of Rakhine survey

Fish species caught

Scolopis monogramma Nemipterus japonicus Lethrinus sp.

Lutjanus erythropterus Cephalopholis argus Cephalopholis formosa

Fish species caught

Psudobalistes flavimarginatus Lagocephalus wheeleri Arothron stellatus

Moray eel Pomadasys hastaSeriolina nigrofaciata

Fish species caught

Arius sp

Observation of Fisheries activities of Rakhine area

Providing fishing gears to the local fishermen

Evaluation of Finding for the future survey

• Fishing time gap between local fishermen and survey team.

• Selected hook size (may be reduced the catch)• The capacity of the fishing vessels• Need to collect more parameters• Need to conduct more detail survey at Rakhine fishing

grounds collaboration with SEAFDEC using more effective deep sea fishing vessels

Thank you all