stay healthy with vaccines and a strong immune system! · •the best prevention against the flu is...
TRANSCRIPT
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Stay Healthy with Vaccines and a Strong Immune System!
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• Influenza, commonly known as ‘the flu’ is caused by influenza A or B viruses and is a respiratory illness.
• Symptoms usually last 2-7 days, sometimes longer in the elderly
• Cough and fatigue can last weeks
• Influenza is very contagious, you can spread the disease 24 hours before you become symptomatic and for about 5 days after symptom onset
The Disease
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Modes of Transmission
Respiratory Droplet Transmission
• Droplets are generated when a sick person coughs or sneezes
• droplets can travel up to two meters(6.5 feet) in distance
• Droplets need to be inhaled by nearby individuals or land on their mouth or nose to transmit the virus
Contact Transmission
• Respiratory droplets can also contaminate surfaces or objects
– the flu virus can survive up to 48 hours on hard, non-porous surfaces such as stainless steel
• If an individual touches a surface or object contaminated with the flu virus and then touches their mouth or nose the virus can be transmitted
• Skin to skin contact including saliva (kissing and sharing drinks)
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The Symptom Match Game
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Influenza Symptoms
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Treatment
• Antiviral treatment for influenza must be started within 48 hours(or less) of onset of symptoms for maximum effectiveness
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
• effective against influenza A and B
• Recommended drug of choice for both prophylaxis and treatment in an influenza outbreak
Zanimivir (Relenza)
• effective against influenza A and B
• Used when predominant circulating strain is resistant to Tamiflu
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Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent
influenza and its complications.
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Who Should Get the Flu Shot
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Who Should Get the Flu Shot
People at high risk of influenza-related complications or hospitalization:
• Those with chronic health conditions (including morbid obesity)
• All children 6 months of age to less than 5 years of age and those ≥ 65 years
• Healthy pregnant women
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has announced it is not recommending the nasal mist form of the flu vaccine for kids this flu season.
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People capable of transmitting influenza to those at high risk:
• Household members of those at high risk
• Childcare providers
• Those who provide essential community services or within closed settings
Who Should Get the Flu Shot Cont’d…
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Who Should NOT Get the Flu Shot
• Anyone who has previously experienced severe lower respiratory symptoms within 24 hours of vaccination
• Anyone allergic to any component of the vaccine
• Anyone who had a serious reaction to a previous flu shot
• Anyone who developed Oculo-respiratory syndrome (ORS) with lower respiratory tract symptoms*
• Anyone who developed Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) within 6 weeks of previous influenza vaccination*
• Anyone with serious acute illness
• Egg allergic individuals
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Effectiveness of the Flu Shot
• Protective antibody levels are generally achieved after 2 weeks following immunization:
• Response depends on several factors including age, prior exposure to antigens and presence of immune compromising conditions
Reduces doctor visits, hospitalizations, missed work and school days, deaths (3,600+ in 2013)
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• Soreness at the injection site lasting up to 2 days
• Fever
• Muscle aches
Serious side effects are very rare.
Common reactions to the flu shot in adults:
Soreness, redness or swelling at the injection site (usually lasts less than 2 days)
Other reactions are usually mild and can include a low grade fever and aches (can last 1-2 days)
Possible Side Effects from the Flu Shot
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Hand hygiene plays a very important role in limiting the
spread of influenza.
Clean Your Hands!!!
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• The best prevention against the flu is getting the annual flu shot
• You are protecting yourself and others by getting your annual flu shot
• Follow proper hand hygiene practices to prevent the spread of influenza (and other infections)
• Stay off work when ill (and seek medical attention if needed)
In Summary…
(2016, September 29). In Influenza. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/flu/
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Nutrition and the Immune System
Cooking Demonstration
Carianne Palumbo, MS, RDNEHHD Be Well
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Great Advice: Eat More Fruits and Vegetables!
• Brighter color means more nutrients (sweet potatoes, oranges, carrots, lemons)
• Those with orange and yellow contain vitamin c and beta carotene (vitamin a) which help boost immune system
• Better to eat fruit and vegetables than just take a supplement
• The majority of our immune system functions in the gut
• Fruits and vegetables contain prebioitics which feed the good bacteria in our system
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Butternut Squash Sauce with Immune Boosting Vegetables!
http://thepioneerwoman.com/cooking/butternut-mac-and-cheese/
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Why These Vegetables for Our Immunity?
Ingredient Contains Function
Lemon Vitamin C Strengthen immune system and maintains pH balance in body
Butternut Squash Vitamin A (and C) Immune enhancers helping with antibody responses
Garlic Sulfuric compounds Antibiotic, anti-viral and fungicide characteristics
Broccoli Vitamin A and C Support a healthy immune system
Mushrooms Selenium and Vitamin B Antioxidant properties and DNA repair
Spinach Folate (and Vitamin C) Help make new cells and repair DNA
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"10 Reasons to Eat Orange and Yellow Fruits and Veggies." A Healthier Michigan. Blue Cross Blue Shield, 29 Mar. 2011. Web. <http://www.ahealthiermichigan.org/2011/03/29/10-reasons-to-eat-orange-and-yellow-fruits-and-veggies/>.
Jacobsen, Maryann T. "11 Foods for Your Immune System." WebMD. WebMD, 29 Oct. 2015. Web. <http://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/ss/slideshow-immune-foods>.
"Selenium - Health Professional Fact Sheet." National Institute of Health. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 11 Feb. 2016. Web. <https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Selenium-HealthProfessional/>.
"Vitamin A — Health Professional Fact Sheet." National Institute of Health. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 31 Aug. 2016. Web. <https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/>.
References
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Questions?
Thank you for attending! And Be Well!
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