steel structures for industrial buildings
TRANSCRIPT
By then end of this course you should be capable By then end of this course you should be capable of Developing a general layout for any industrial 1. Developing a general layout for any industrial building
2. Design of all structural elements composing the industrial building according to ECP
3. Detailing all structural elements in a complete conceptual dwgs setconceptual dwgs set.
Interaction during lectures Interaction during lectures Assignments (submissions dates, evaluation) Attendees of training sessions Mid term exam Quiz at any time (without notifications)P j F l di i Project Formal discussion
Final term exam
Euro build, best practice in steel construction of industrial buildings
“Structural Steel Design”, Joseph E. Bowles, McGraw Hill International Book Company, 1980.
“Steel Design for Structural Engineers” Bogdan O Steel Design for Structural Engineers , Bogdan O. Kuzmanovic’ and Nicholas Willems, Prentice Hall, Inc. 1977.
“Steel Structures Design and Behavior”, Charles G. Salmon g ,and John E. Johnson, Harper & Row Publishers, 2nd ed. 1980.
“Manual of Steel Construction‐Allowable Stress Design” A i I tit t f St l C t ti Ni th EditiAmerican Institute of Steel Construction, Ninth Edition.
“Egyptian Code of Practice for Steel Construction and Bridges” 1st Edition 2001.Bridges 1st Edition 2001.
“Steel Structural Elements” Vol. I, EL Sayed Bahaa Machaly Details from Real steel projectsp j
By the end of this lecture you should be capable By the end of this lecture you should be capable of Thinking for the best structural system for any 1. Thinking for the best structural system for any industrial building
2. Identifying the rule of all structural elements i.e. its function and location
3. Drawing the general layout of any industrial buildingbuilding
Steel structures are widely used structures in Steel structures are widely used structures in building ofBridges (Railway bridges or roadway bridges)1. Bridges (Railway bridges or roadway bridges)
2. High rise buildings3. Sporting and commercial halls4 Industrial buildings4. Industrial buildings
High strength (yield strength of St. 37 (lowest grade of steel) g g y g gis 10 times concrete strength of C250 !!!) light weight and optimization in cross sections
Time is money, steel structures offers faster erection due to perfect fabrication of different piecesS l i l bl i l i f i f Steel is a recyclable material, i.e. after erection, years of service, building could be transferred to another site or to be reformed in another shapesreformed in another shapes
Cost of shuttering is zero
CorrosionCorrosion Weak fire resistance
Industrial buildings are ggenerally designed as enclosures that provide functional space for internal activities, which may involve use of overhead cranes or
d d i t suspended equipments as well as provision of office space or mezzanine floorsspace or mezzanine floors
In any design, certain criteria must be established whether i l i h b hi d F or not an optimum solution has been achieved. For a
structure, typical criteria may be: a‐Minimum cost a Minimum cost. b‐Minimum weight. c‐Minimum construction time.c u co st uct o t e d‐Minimum labor. e‐Minimum manufactures costs. f‐Maximum efficiency of operation. g‐Minimum maintenance and long life endurance
Various structural forms have been developed to Various structural forms have been developed to optimize the cost of steel structure in relation to the space provided.space provided.
The design of the buildings has to be coordinated with functional requirements and energy saving with functional requirements and energy saving concept including lighting, mechanical equipments, HVAC etcHVAC,….etc.
General layout is a series of single line dwgs intended to present all the structural elements needed to build steel industrial buildingsteel industrial building.
It should include:1 Roof covering type1. Roof covering type2. Roof purlins3 Main supporting element (frame or truss)3. Main supporting element (frame or truss)4. Wind Bracing (horizontal, vertical, transverse,..)5 End Gable & side girts5. End Gable & side girts6. Crane girders (in case requested)7 Doors and windows7. Doors and windows
Usually single skin panels of steel pcorrugated sheets of thickness 0.5, 0.6 and 0 7mm are used to 0.7mm are used to cover the roof and walls
l h h f Very light weight of roof covering 5‐10kg/m20 g/
These panels are used for roof and wall
lpanels These panels may be
of steel or aluminumof steel or aluminum
Sandwich panels may be used in cases where thermal insulation is needed.
Its Weight 10‐20kg/m2
Roof purlins are longitudinal secondary beams used to support y ppthe roof covering
Purlins are usually of cold formed C or Z sections
They are arranged at distances @1.25‐1.75m depending on roof covering thicknessTh b i l d They may be simply supported or continuous (only for Z sections)
Tie rod is an artificial support used to reduce the bending moment in to reduce the bending moment in the weak axis bending of the purlin.
Purlin weight’s is 5‐10 Kg/m’ It is usually attached to the main It is usually attached to the main
supporting elements by cleat L Usually parallel to land longitudinal
directiondirection
The main supporting elements is used to support The main supporting elements is used to support the dead, live loads as well in plane wind loads and may be either portal frames for spans ≤ 30m and may be either portal frames for spans ≤ 30m and trusses for larger spansf h l d d Of course sometimes, these limits are exceeded in
special cases, for example, double cantilever car sheds of span 5‐10m uses trusses to avoid large deflection, and so…etc.
Main supporting elements are usually arranged @4‐8m depending on loads spans etc8m depending on loads, spans,…etc.
Wind bracing are special steel truss elements used to resist all g plateral loads acting to the plan of main supporting element.
There are three main types of wind bracing:1. Horizontal wind bracing (positioned at the top roof of the
structure to resist the wind at the top roof of the structure)2. Vertical wind bracing (to transfer the reaction of the
horizontal wind bracing to the foundationT i d b i ( d l h h i i 3. Transverse wind bracing (used only when the main supporting elements are trusses to cause trusses acting as space structures and to reduce the buckling length of compression structures and to reduce the buckling length of compression members
4. Hl. And vl. Wind bracing to reduce columns drift (for relatively 4. Hl. And vl. Wind bracing to reduce columns drift (for relatively tall columns )
Usually ypositioned at ends of the structure and structure and @25‐40m
Vl. Wind b i bracings are connected with struts that are used also to shorten the shorten the buckling length of the
l t columns out of plan
End Gable are special l l steel structural
elements composed of a series of steel vl. columns (spaced @4‐8m) and hl. Beams (spaced @1 25 2m) (spaced @1.25‐2m) to support the corrugated sheets in front and back ends of the factory
A crane system greatly improves material handling f h b l din a factory with better space utilization inside a
factory.The most common types of crane systems are The most common types of crane systems are:
1. Top running cranes (most widely used)Under hung cranes2. Under‐hung cranes
3. Monorail cranesJIB cranes4. JIB cranes
5. Gantry cranes6 Semi gantry cranes6. Semi gantry cranes
I:\courses\3rd \L \1 l
plan truss plan
r\Lectures\1st lectr
side viewtruss elevation
elevationelevationtruss side view
assignment
Th kThanks