step 21. the second and third planks are fitted and ... · pdf filethe second and third planks...

A step-by-step guide to building a traditional double-ended timber fishing craft of Khmer (Cambodian) design22

The second and third planks are fitted and fastened to the boat.Step 21.

A step-by-step guide to building a traditional double-ended timber fishing craft of Khmer (Cambodian) design 23

The planks are edge nailed together to maintain good hull shape until the frames are added inside the boat later.

Step 22.


The butt joins are bolted in place to support the plank joins.Step 23.

Each join needs at least four hot dipped galvanized bolts.

A temporary clamp used to pull the planks up tight against the boat. The top piece goes across the inside frame, with temporary bolts to pieces outside.

A caulking ring is placed outside and inside to prevent leaking through the bolt hole. Note the excess caulking.


In Cambodia traditional treenails are used for fastening planks to the frames of the boat.

Frames must be of sufficient thickness for the large hole that needs to be drilled for the treenail.

Note: that hot dipped galvanized nails are used at the ends of planks at the stem and stern and also for the first plank at the hog.

Step 24.

The treenails are first correctly shaped at the head.


A wedge is cut into the treenail on the inside.

The treenail is driven through the plank and through the frame.

(Step 24. continued)



The wedge is driven into the treenail with a hammer.

The treenail is then cut off flush inside and outside the boat.



In certain areas the timber planking is under great stress when being bent to the shape of the boat. When using tree nails, there are special techniques to ensure maximum holding power of the tree nail in areas where planking needs maximum holding pressure, because of the extreme bending.

Important note.

In this photo a special counter sink tool that fits into an electric drill is used to make a tapered fit for the head of the tree nail.

This photo is taken from the outside of the boat bottom.


For the planks in this high load area, note the special clamp (temporary timber and bolts) to hold the plank tight to the frame of the boat.

After the tree nail is hammered in, the inside wedge is driven into the tree nail, while at the same time the outside head of the tree nail is hit with a hammer. This will ensure maximum holding power.

(Step 24. Important note continued)


Developing the planks around the tight round turn of the bilge.

A shutter plank is fitted into the space between the planks.

Step 25.

Step 26.

Before the shutter plank is in place, measurements are taken every 500 mm apart. These measurements are then transferred to a timber plank which is cut to the exact required shape.

Shutter plank

Narrower planks are used right at the tight round bilge of the hull.

This plank is being marked and will be cut to better fit the hull shape. The plank will then be moved down to fit the lower plank and make way for the shutter plank above.

A joggle that will accept the end of the next shutter plank.


The joggle is cut into the shutter plank to allow for the end of the shutter plank that will follow.


This shutter plank has been shaped to the correct size to fit in between planks on the boat.Note the timber fairing batten to help develop a fair line on the edge of the plank.


Developing the sheer (top side) of the boat.Step 27.

The sheer heights, taken from the technical drawings, are used to make the frames on the lofting floor.

The sheer battens, the very topside planks, are developed by an experienced eye to ensure nice lines (shape) of the boat.


Intermediate frames are fitted into the boatStep 28.

Front end of the boat.

Intermediate frames are fitted to the planking and overall shape of the boat.

Stern end of the boat. Intermediate frames

at the very ends of the boat require more skill to develop the correct shape.

Note the sheer batten (topside plank) provides the shape for the top of all intermediate frames.


After all intermediate frames are manufactured and fitted into the boat, the remaining planking is fitted.

Step 29.


In this photo an experienced boat builder is using a piece of stiff wire to bend into the shape of the boat. The wire will then be used as a template to cut the intermediate frame.

A moulding, (additional timber stringer) is bolted around the outside of the sheer batten to give rigidity to the top of the boat.

Internal stringers are nailed into the boat to give rigidity to the overall boat.


Every seam (join in every plank) is caulked to make the boat watertight.Step 30.

After caulking, the seams are painted. In this photo the seam will be below the water line and is therefore painted with anti-fouling paint to help protect the wood from marine borers. Seams above the waterline are painted with primer, which seals the timber and prevents the timber from absorbing oil from the putty. If the putty dries out, it will contract and fall out of the seam over time.


After painting of the seams, every seam is filled with putty.Step 31.

This photo shows a below the waterline seam, therefore the putty has anti-fouling paint mixed into the putty to stop marine borers from eating the putty. For above the waterline seams, no paint is mixed with the putty.


Annexes


Cam

bodia

12.3

m F

ishin

g b

oat

GE

NE

RA

L A

RR

AN

GE

ME

NT

CA

M -

2

De

sig

n n

o.

D

raw

ing

no

Sca

le =

1 :

50

De

sig

n:

Gu

lbra

nd

sen

20

11.0

1.

12

1

Le

ng

th o

ver

all:

L

= 1

2.3

m

(40

ft)

H

Be

am

mo

uld

ed

:

B

= 2

.30

m

(7

.5 f

t)H

De

pth

mo

uld

ed

:

D =

0.9

5 m

(3

.1 f

t)H

3C

ub

ic n

um

be

r:

CU

NO

= L

x B

x D

= 2

7 m

H

HH

Le

ng

th in

wa

terlin

e,

Lo

ad

ed

: L

= 1

0.6

m (

33

.4 f

t)W

L

Be

am

in w

ate

rlin

e,

Lo

ad

ed

: B

= 1

.83

m (

6.0

ft)

W

L

Ma

xim

um

dra

ft:

T

= 0

.60

m (

2.0

ft)

MA

X

Dis

pla

cem

en

t lig

ht:

m

= 1

70

0 k

g (

1.7

to

nn

es)

LC

C

De

ad

we

igh

t:

13

00

kg

(1

.3 t

on

ne

s)

Dis

pla

cem

en

t lo

ad

ed

: m

=

30

00

kg

(3

to

nn

es)

LD

C

En

gin

e:

9.7

kw

(1

3 h

p)

Ho

nd

a p

etr

ol e

ng

ine

with

lon

gta

il.S

erv

ice

sp

ee

d a

t 8

0%

po

we

r w

ith w

ave

s a

nd

so

me

fo

ulin

g=

6.5

kn

ots

.

MA

IN D

ATA

Icebox

Icebox

Deck

arr

angem

ent acc

ord

ing

to tra

diti

onal sy

stem

Annex 1: General arrangement


1

1 2 3

4 5

6 7

8 9

1

0 1

1 1

2 13 1

4 1

5 1

6 1

7 18 1

9

20

2

1

22

2

3

24

2

5

2

6

27

2

8

29

3

0

47

10 13

28

25

22

19

16

1 2 3

4 5

6 7

8 9

1

0 1

1 1

2 13 1

4 1

5 1

6 1

7 18 1

9

20

2

1

22

2

3

24

2

5

2

6

27

2

8

29

3

0

Cam

bodia

12.3

m F

ishin

g b

oat

LIN

ES

- R

OU

ND

BO

TT

OM

CA

M -

2

Desi

gn n

o.

Dra

win

g n

oS

cale

= 1

: 5

0

Desig

n: G

ulb

randsen

2011

.01. 12

2

Length

ove

r all:

L

= 1

2.3

m

H

Beam

mould

ed B

= 2

.4 m

H

S

erv

ice s

peed d

esi

gned w

ate

rlin

e: V

= 6

.5 k

nots

R

atio

s desi

gned w

ate

rlin

e:

0.3

3

L

/B =

5.8

0, B

/T =

4.5

3, L

/

= 7

.5

DW

LD

WL

DW

LC

WL

V /

L

= 2

.0

DW

L

Dis

pla

cem

ent lo

aded:

m

= 3

000 k

g (

3.0

tonnes)

LD

C

Depth

mould

ed:

D =

0.9

5 m

H

Length

desi

gned w

ate

rlin

e :

L =

10.6

mD

WL

Beam

desi

gned w

ate

rlin

e :

B =

1.8

3 m

DW

L

Body

dra

ft m

idsh

ip: T

= 0

.40

mc

3D

ispla

cem

ent D

esi

gned W

L -

DW

L,

= 2

800 k

g (

2.8

m =

2.8

tonnes)

mD

WL

mD

WL

MA

IN D

ATA

C L

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

WL 1

Rabbet

WL 2

WL 3

WL 7

WL 6

WL 5

WL 4

Sheer

WL 7

WL 6

WL 5

WL 4

Sheer2

00

WL 1

WL 2

WL 3

WL 4

WL 5

WL 6

WL 7

Base

line

C LB

1

B2

B3

B4

B5

200

Base

line

WL 1

WL 2

WL 3

WL 4

WL 5

WL 6

WL 7

C LB

1 B

2 B

3 B

4 B

5200

Base

line

WL 1

WL 2

WL 3

WL 4

WL 5

WL 6

WL 7

DW

L

B5

B4

B3

B2

B1

Sheer

400 A

FT

BO

DY

FO

RW

AR

D B

OD

Y

Lin

es

use

d t

o c

alc

ula

te h

ydro

dyn

am

ica

nd

sta

bili

ty d

ata

by

com

pu

ter

Annex 2: Lines – round bottom


1 2

3

4 5

6 7

8

9

1

0 1

1 1

2 13 1

4 1

5 1

6 1

7 18 1

9

20

2

1

22

2

3

24

2

5

2

6

27

2

8

29

10 13

1

4

722

19

16

Chin

e

28

25

1 2

3

4 5

6 7

8 9

1

0 1

1 1

2 13 1

4 1

5 1

6 1

7 18 1

9

20

2

1

22

2

3

24

2

5

2

6

27

2

8

29

3

0

1700

Cam

bodia

12.3

m F

ishin

g b

oat

SIM

PL

IFIE

D -

RO

UN

D B

OT

TO

M

CA

M -

2

Desi

gn n

o.

Dra

win

g n

oS

cale

= 1

: 5

0

Desig

n: G

ulb

randsen

2011

.01. 12

3

Sheer

Chin

e

Rabbet

Rabbet

Sheer

Chin

e

Rabbet

Sheer

Rabbet

Build

ing b

ase

Base

line

NO

TE

: T

HE

LIN

ES

AR

E T

O T

HE

IN

SID

E O

F T

HE

PLA

NK

ING

(O

UT

SID

E O

F F

RA

ME

S)

Insi

de

rabbet

400

400

660

340

400

AF

T B

OD

YF

OR

WA

RD

BO

DY

Annex 3: Simplified – round bottom


Rabbet

1 2

3

4

5

6 7

8

9

10 1

1 1

2 13 1

4 1

5 1

6 1

7 1

8

19 2

0 2

1 2

2 2

3 24 2

5 26 2

7

878

512

327

212

158

156

169

182

195

208

220

233

246

258

273

286

298

311

32

23

37

34

93

62

37

53

88

40

14

44

54

67

42

10

24

954

905

854

805

762

724

692

664

641

621

606

594

585

583

582

586

596

608

62

86

46

67

27

03

74

17

81

83

08

80

93

9

10

00

1

05

41500

1441

1386

1337

1295

1261

1234

1214

1200

1190

1185

1182

1180

1180

1180

1181

1184

1189

119

61

20

31

21

71

23

21

25

01

27

411

30

31

33

61

37

61

42

11

51

8 0

00

10

18

24

30

35

40

43

46

49

51

52

53

52

51

49

46

43

38

26

19

110

00

0

0

48

48

48

48

48

48

4

8

4

8 7

12

03

338

476

589

693

781

852

905

946

975

995

1005

1009

1002

987

957

919

87

58

20

76

16

96

62

35

84

46

53

77

28

2

1

70

8

4222

407

567

702

815

906

977

1030

1068

1092

1107

1120

1115

1113

1109

1105

1099

1089

10

75

10

54

10

24

98

39

28

86

57

72

66

8

5

49

41

4

26

6

Rabbet

Ch

ine

Sh

ee

r

Chin

eS

heer

DIM

EN

SIO

NS

IN

mm

TO

IN

SID

E O

F P

LA

NK

ING

28

29

HE

IGH

T F

RO

M B

AS

ELIN

E

HA

LF

WID

TH

FR

OM

CE

NT

RE

LIN

E

Fra

me

Cam

bodia

12.3

m F

ishin

g b

oat

SIM

PL

IFIE

D -

RO

UN

D B

OT

TO

M

CA

M -

2

Desi

gn n

o.

Dra

win

g n

oS

cale

= 1

: 5

0

Desig

n: G

ulb

randsen

2011

.01. 12

4

A B C DR

ound

E F G

A

E

Sh

ee

r

Chin

e

Rabbet

B

C

F

G

Base

line

200

200

D

Dra

w c

urv

ew

ith f

lexi

ble

ba

tte

n

Ch

ine

Annex 3: Simplified – round bottom


1 2 3

4 5

6 7

8

9

1

0 1

1 1

2 13 1

4 1

5 1

6 1

7 18 1

9

20

2

1

22

2

3

24

2

5

2

6

27

2

8

29

1 2 3

4 5

6 7

8

9

1

0 1

1 1

2 13 1

4 1

5 1

6 1

7 18 1

9

20

2

1

22

2

3

24

2

5

2

6

27

2

8

29

1700

1700

WL

Build

ing b

ase

400

400

340

Cam

bodia

12.3

m F

ishin

g b

oat

CO

NS

TR

UC

TIO

N

CA

M -

2

Desi

gn n

o.

Dra

win

g n

oS

cale

= 1

: 5

0

Desig

n: G

ulb

randsen

2011

.01. 12

5

Fra

mes

pla

ced f

orw

ard

of

sta

tion

lin

eF

ram

es

pla

ced a

ft o

f st

atio

n li

ne

400

660

Take

care

to p

lace

fra

mes

on t

he c

orr

ect

sid

e o

f th

e s

tatio

n m

ark

s.

Annex 4: Construction


Hog

60x

169

Kee

l 97x

97W

orm

shoe

22x

97 R

emov

able

Tar-

pape

r in

cont

act w

ith k

eel

Nai

ls fo

r fas

teni

ng p

lank

ings

HD

G 5

x75

roun

d or

4.4

x75

squa

reK

eelb

olt H

DG

10x

300

with

larg

e w

ashe

rs

Iceb

ox

30x6

0

Bol

ts H

DG

8x1

14 (5

/16”

x41/

2”)

with

larg

e w

ashe

rsP

lank

ing

25S

hade

d pl

anks

hav

e co

nsta

nt w

idth

= 1

44 (

6” p

lane

d)U

nsha

ded

plan

ks n

eed

to h

ave

with

adj

uste

d to

fit.

Wat

er p

assa

geB

lock

47

betw

een

fram

e en

ds w

ith g

ood

cont

act

Rai

l cap

25 Bas

elin

e

Cam

bodi

a 12

.3 m

Fis

hing

boa

t

MID

SH

IP S

EC

TIO

N

CA

M -

2D

esig

n no

.

Dra

win

g no

Sca

le =

1 :

10

Des

ign:

Gul

bran

dsen

201

1.01

. 12

6

HD

G =

Hot

dip

gal

vani

zed

Ele

ctro

plat

ed n

ails

not

acc

epta

ble

NO

TE: I

f tre

nails

is u

sed

for f

aste

ning

pla

nkin

g in

trad

ition

al w

ayth

e fra

me

wid

th m

ust b

e in

crea

sed

from

47

to 6

0, w

ith th

e sa

me

heig

ht

Floo

r 47x

144

Leng

th m

idsh

ip =

760

Gar

boar

d fro

m 2

5x19

4

Gus

sets

25

on b

oth

side

sLe

ngth

= 5

00N

o fil

ler b

lock

bet

wee

n

Goo

d co

ntac

t in

butt

betw

een

fram

es

Bat

tens

35x

72

Not

e: H

eigh

t of f

loor

incr

ease

dto

194

for f

ram

es 1

- 5

and

25 -

29

Fram

e 47

x87

Floo

rtra

ditio

nal s

tyle

Fram

e sp

acin

g ce

ntre

to c

entre

= 4

00

Annex 5: Midship section


340

878

1700

45

Straigh

t

100

100

878

1700

120

144

400

400

12

34

5

Top

of k

eel

Hog

60

high

327360

212270

512

545

220

12

34

5

97

100

Insi

de ra

bbet

Insi

de ra

bbet

Insi

de ra

bbet

AA

Bas

elin

e

Bui

ldin

gba

se

SE

CTI

ON

A -

A

Cam

bodi

a 12

.3 m

Fis

hing

boa

t

STE

RN CA

M -

2D

esig

n no

.

Dra

win

g no

Sca

le =

1 :

20

Des

ign:

Gul

bran

dsen

201

1.01

. 12

745

Annex 6: Stern


1024

742

507

427

660

38

400

400

388

1700

29

25

26

2

7

2

8

Bui

ldin

g ba

se

Hog

60

100

100

67

593

444

32

35

Insi

dera

bbet

24

2

5

2

6

27

28

97

100

Insi

de ra

bbet S

EC

TIO

N A

- A

A

A C

ambo

dia

12.3

m F

ishi

ng b

oat

STE

M CA

M -

2D

esig

n no

.

Dra

win

g no

Sca

le =

1 :

20

Des

ign:

Gul

bran

dsen

201

1.01

. 12

8

546

742

1024

Annex 6: Stem


Baseline to inside rabbet = 327See lofting table

Wor

msh

oe

Kee

l

HogKne

e

Floo

r 47x

194

M10

M8

47x8

7

To underside hog =360

Bas

elin

e

SE

CTI

ON

FR

AM

E 3

Cam

bodi

a 12

.3 m

Fis

hing

boa

t

DE

TAIL

S

CA

M -

2D

esig

n no

.

Dra

win

g no

Sca

le

Des

ign:

Gul

bran

dsen

201

1.01

. 12

9

But

t blo

ck is

ove

rlapp

ing

the

plan

k 10

- 12

mm

on e

ach

side

Gap

for d

rain

age

PLA

NK

BU

TT B

LOC

K

47

25

4

The

nails

mus

t be

coun

ters

unk

as s

how

n an

d

the

head

cov

ered

with

a s

uita

ble

putty

Nai

l Hot

dip

gal

vani

zed

roun

d na

il: D

iam

eter

= 5

Len

gth

0 75

Squ

are

nail:

Edg

e =

4.75

leng

th =

0 75

Pre

drill

with

4 m

m

490

Floo

rH

og

Kee

l-bol

tW

ith h

og o

n to

psc

arf c

an b

e w

ithou

t lip

97

20

KE

EL

SC

AR

F

Coa

ch b

olts

6x6

0

Sca

le =

1 :

10

Annex 7: Details


22 19 16

28

25

Pla

nked

with

nar

row

cons

tant

wid

th p

lank

sth

at c

an ta

ke e

dge

bend

Cam

bodi

a 12

.3 m

Fis

hing

boa

tA

LTE

RN

ATIV

E P

LAN

KIN

G

CA

M -

2D

esig

n no

.

Dra

win

g no

Sca

le =

1 :

10

Des

ign:

Gul

bran

dsen

201

1.01

. 12

10

Con

stan

t Wid

th p

lank

s

Constant Width planks

Annex 8: Alternative planking


340

1700

45

Straigh

t

100

100

1700

144

400

400

12

34

5

Top

of k

eel

Hog

60

high

360

270

635

220

12

34

5

97

100

Insi

de ra

bbet

Insi

de ra

bbet

Insi

de ra

bbet

AA

Bas

elin

e

Bui

ldin

gba

se

SE

CTI

ON

A -

A

Cam

bodi

a 12

.3 m

Fis

hing

boa

t

STE

RN

- IN

BO

AR

D E

NG

INE

CA

M -

2D

esig

n no

.

Dra

win

g no

Sca

le =

1 :

20

Des

ign:

Gul

bran

dsen

201

1.08

. 13

11

97

100

Insi

de ra

bbet

SE

CTI

ON

A -

A1

: 10

Hol

low

ed o

utfo

r ste

rntu

be

97x1

40

Kee

l 97x

97

Dea

dwoo

d 97

Wor

msh

oe 2

5x97

Sha

ftlog

bol

ted

afte

ras

sem

bly

of lo

wer

an

d up

per p

art

SE

CTI

ON

FRA

ME

2

135

102

365

420

23

97

500

Pro

pelle

r dia

met

er:

Max

imum

= 1

8 in

ches

= 2

57

165

95

1 :1

0

All

bolts

10

mm

hot

dip

gal

vani

zed

with

larg

e w

ashe

rs

97

250

It is

ver

y im

porta

nt th

at th

e flo

w

of w

ater

to th

e pr

opel

ler i

s cl

ean

with

out t

urbu

lenc

e. T

o ac

hiev

e th

is th

e sk

eg n

eeds

to b

e fa

ired

abov

e an

d be

low

the

shaf

t lin

e.

FAIR

ING

OF

THE

SK

EG

Just

wid

e en

ough

to fi

t the

ste

rn b

earin

g

1700

AA

370

130

878

770

Slo

t to

inse

rtsh

aftlo

g bo

lts

Poc

ket f

or

was

her a

nd n

ut

Annex 9: Stern – inboard engine

The Regional Fisheries Livelihood Programme for South and Southeast Asia (RFLP)

www.rflp.org

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