steps for cxr reading

8/2/2019 Steps for CXR Reading

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Radiology OfThe Chest

Plain CXR.

Bronchogram.

Angiogram.

Ultrasound.

CT.

MRI.


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Advantages of

CXR

Simple.

Non invasive.

Rapid.

Cheap.Safe.


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What Is TheValue Of X-Ray

???


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CXR

Valuable in any diagnostic problem in chestor other systems from skin to CNS.

It is a routine investigation especially in :

Fever.

Weight Loss.

Aneroxia.

Trauma.

Pre and Post-operativeTumors.

ICU.

Fitness.


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Diagnostic value In Chest

High diagnostic as in:Pneumonia , abscess.

Elusion , pnx.

Help in diagnosis:

T.B. Tumor.

Heart diseases.

Low value:

Bronchictasis.

P.E.

Mediastinal dis


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Indications

For diagnosis.

Follow up. Response to TTT.

Complications.

With surgery.

Trauma.

Tumor staging.

General Problem.

Assurance.

Medicolegal.


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Pleural diseases


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Heart diseases


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Pneumonia


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Abscess


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T.B.


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Bronchictasis


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Lung Cancer


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Metastasis


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Mediastinaldiseases


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Miscellaneous


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C t d T h


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Computed Tomography

(CT)Technical Background :

The x-ray tube rotate in amoving gantry around the patientwhich lie on a moving table .

Opposite the x-ray tube in themoving gantry lie detectors whichreceive the x-ray beam after

passing through the patient .


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The signal received from thesedetectors pass to a computer

which reconstruct from themand image which representcross section of the patient of

thickness usually 1 cm .


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Contrast administration

Continuous infusion of contrastmaterial by automatic infusionpump for differentiating vascular

from non vascular lesion .


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Attenuation value (CT) number

It is measured by Hounsfield Unit (HU)

Water attenuation 0 HU

Air attenuation -1000 HU

Dense cortical bone +1000 HU

Ad f CT


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Advantages of CT

Cross sectional format which clearlyseparates structures that are super

imposed on each other in CXR.

The high degree of density resolution

which reveales the individual structures

of the mediastinum , chest wall.

CT captures lung , soft tissue and bones

simultaneously with single exposure.

I di i f CT f h h


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Indication of CT of the chest

Lung :

Staging of bronchial carcinoma .

Detection of pulmonary metastases .

Detection of lesions hidden by mediastinum or

diaphragm .

Evaluation of lung in pleural .


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Mediastinum

Abnormal contour.

Hilum

Distinguish vessel from lymph node

Pleura and chest wall

Pleural tumor, mesothelioma.

Invasion of the chest wall by cancer.


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PulmonaryEmbolism


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CT Guided Biopsy


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steps for cxr reading

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