steve holmes and brendan casey dpf project x forum august 10, 2011
DESCRIPTION
Project X: A 5 MW Proton Accelerator Accelerator and Particle Physics. Steve Holmes and Brendan Casey DPF Project X Forum August 10, 2011. Project X Mission Elements. A neutrino beam for long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments 2 MW proton source at 60-120 GeV - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Steve Holmes and Brendan CaseyDPF Project X Forum
August 10, 2011
Project X: A 5 MW Proton Accelerator Accelerator and Particle Physics
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Project X Mission Elements
• A neutrino beam for long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments 2 MW proton source at 60-120 GeV
• High intensity, low energy protonsfor kaon, muon, and neutrino basedprecision experiments Operations simultaneous with the
neutrino program• A path toward a muon source for
possible future Neutrino Factory and/or a Muon Collider Requires ~4 MW at ~5-15 GeV
• Possible missions beyond EPP Standard Model Tests with nuclei and energy applications
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 20112
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Project X Reference Design
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 20113
3 MW @ 3 GeV200 kW @ 8 GeV2 MW @ 120 GeV
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Reference Design Capabilities
• 3 GeV CW superconducting H- linac with 1 mA average beam current.
Flexible provision for variable beam structures to multiple users• CW at time scales >1 msec, 10% DF at <1 msec
Supports rare processes programs @ 3 GeV/3 MW Provision for 1 GeV extraction for nuclear energy program
• 3-8 GeV pulsed linac capable of delivering 350 kW at 8 GeV Supports neutrino program @ 80 – 200 kW Establishes a path toward a muon based facility
• Upgrades to the Recycler and Main Injector to provide ≥ 2 MW to the neutrino production target at 60-120 GeV.
Þ Utilization of a CW linac creates a facility that is unique in the world, with performance that cannot be matched in a synchrotron-based facility.
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 20114
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Performance Goals
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 20115
LinacParticle Type H-
Beam Kinetic Energy 3.0 GeVAverage Beam Current 1 mALinac pulse rate CWBeam Power 3000 kWBeam Power to 3 GeV program 2870 kW
Pulsed LinacParticle Type H-
Beam Kinetic Energy 8.0 GeVPulse rate 10 HzPulse Width 4.4 msecCycles to MI 6Particles per cycle to MI 2.61013
Beam Power to 8 GeV 350 kWUpgraded Beam Power to 8 GeV 4 MW
Main Injector/RecyclerBeam Kinetic Energy (maximum) 120 GeVCycle time 1.4 secParticles per cycle 1.61014
Beam Power at 120 GeV 2200 kW
simultaneous
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Siting
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 20116
CW Linac
8 GeV Linac
3 GeV Experimental Area
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Beam Configurations3 GeV Operating Scenario
1 msec period at 3 GeVMuon pulses (16e7) 81.25 MHz, 100 nsec @ 1MHz
700 kWKaon pulses (16e7) 20.3 MHz
1540 kWNuclear pulses (16e7) 10.15 MHz
770 kW
Separation scheme
Ion source and RFQ operate at 4.2 mA75% of bunches are chopped @ 2.5 MeV maintain 1 mA over 1 msec
Transverse rf splitter1 msec
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Beam Configurations3 GeV Operating Scenario
1 msec period at 3 GeVMuon pulses (16e7) 81.25 MHz, 100 nsec @ 1MHz
700 kWKaon pulses (16e7) 20.3 MHz
1540 kWNuclear pulses (16e7) 10.15 MHz
770 kW
Separation scheme
Ion source and RFQ operate at 4.2 mA75% of bunches are chopped @ 2.5 MeV maintain 1 mA over 1 msec
Transverse rf splitter0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0
Num
ber
of io
ns p
er b
unch
, (e7
)
Time, us
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DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 20119
R&D Program
• The primary elements of the R&D program include: Development of a wide-band chopper
• Capable of removing bunches in arbitrary patterns at a 162.5 MHz bunch rate
Development of an H- injection system • Require between 4.4 – 26 msec injection period, depending on
pulsed linac operating scenario Superconducting rf development
• Includes six different cavity types at three different frequencies• Emphasis is on Q0, rather than high gradient
• Typically 1.5E10, 15 MV/m (CW)• 1.0E10, 25 MV/m (pulsed)
• Includes appropriate rf sources• Includes development of partners
• Goal is to complete R&D phase by 2015
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Status and Timeline
• Pre-conceptual design and R&D activities are well supported
Reference Design Report released fall 2010http://projectx-docdb.fnal.gov/cgi-bin/ShowDocument?docid=776 Substantial R&D efforts on
• sc accelerating structures• linac front end and chopper• rf sources• H- injection
• Approval of CD-0 (“Mission Need”) under discussion with DOE
• Project X could be constructed over a five year period• We could be ready to start construction in FY2016
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 2011
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Collaboration
• A multi-institutional collaboration has been established to execute the Project X RD&D Program.
Organized as a “national project with international participation”• Fermilab as lead laboratory• International participation established via bi-lateral MOUs.
Collaboration MOUs for the RD&D phase outlines basic goals, and the means of organizing and executing the work. Signatories:ANL ORNL/SNS BARC/MumbaiBNL MSU IUAC/DelhiCornell TJNAF RRCAT/IndoreFermilab SLAC VECC/KolkataLBNL ILC/ART
• R&D responsibilities aligned with expected assignments during the construction phase.
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201111
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Summary(http://projectx.fnal.gov)
• Project X is central to Fermilab’s strategy for development of the accelerator complex over the coming decade
World leading programs in neutrinos and rare processes Potential platform for future Neutrino Factory/Muon Collider Potential applications beyond elementary particle physics
• The design concept has been stable for more than 18 months 5 MW total beam power
• 2 MW to the neutrino program at 60-120 GeV• 3 MW to the rare processes program• 200 kW to 8 GeV program
Flexible provision for variable beam formats to multiple users• CW linac is unique for this application, and offers capabilities that would be
hard/impossible to duplicate in a synchrotron• R&D program underway targeting critical technologies and very significant
investment in srf infrastructure and development• Project X could be constructed over the period ~2016 – 2020
National project with international participation• More from Bob Tschirhart today at 2:00
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 2011
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DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201113
mn
Ns
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Physics @ Project X• Understand new TeV scale physics with the
highest precision measurements 104 TeV sensitivity with muons and Kaons
• Ground breaking, game changing discoveries Charged lepton flavor violation Neutrino CP Violation Permanent electric dipole moments
• Core measurements Understand anomalies in neutrino physics Nuclear physics
• Understand how accelerators can tackle global problems
Nuclear waste transmutation test facility
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201114
104 TeV
102 TeV
1 TeV
1016 GeV
10-20 eV
LHC
mK
EDMs
n
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DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201115
birth
childhood
teenage
maturity
generations of physics around the world
2007: International steering group, workshops, P5
Optimizing the program
Mature concept, international participation
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Steve’s Project X slide
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201116
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My Project X slide
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201117
2 MW @ 60-120 GeVUp to few hundred kW
@ 8 GeV
LBNEg-2, mEDM
Short baseline n factory
K+K0
Rare isotopes, EDMs
Nuclear energy and waste transmutation test facility
1 GeV available
~3 MW high duty factor @ 3 GeV
mNeNmEDM
meg, eeem+e-m-e+
Nearly all experiments at the
same time!
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DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201118
n
nd
s
Project X Kaons
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Kaon Program• Goal:
Study new TeV physics discovered at the LHC, particularly couplings and symmetries scale inaccessible to the LHC
Probe flavor dynamics well above the the TeV scale
• Tools: Precision measurements of K+p +n n and K0p 0n n Unique sensitivity due to small and well understood SM rate
• Why Project X: Only planned machine that can deliver order 1000 event samples in
both modes at the SM branching fractionDPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201119
1100
11
10)06.039.043.2()(
10)29.075.081.7()(-
-++
nnp
nnp
KB
KB
Bryman, Marciano, Tschirhart, Yamanaka (2011)
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K+p +nn
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201120
1st 2nd 3rd generation at BNL = 7 event data sample
Can get first few 100 starting with beam from Main Injector
BNL E787 event display
O(1000) evt sample possible at Project X
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K0p 0nn
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201121
Pico-bunches
Pencil beam
Pointing
200 events per year possible with Project X
meets
Very large hole in understanding TeV scale without this measurement
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Other Kaon measurements
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201122
Enormous data sets + multipurpose detectors = lots of physics
Plus many more
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DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201123
m
N
e
Project X Muons
N
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Muon Program• Goal:
Discover charged lepton flavor violation Understand the underlying symmetry breaking mechanism
• Tools: Flavor conserving observables
• g-2… Flavor violating observables
• mNeN, meg, meee, meem CP violating observables
• Electron and Muon EDMs
• Why Project X: Greatest flexability of any planned muon source Enough statistics to have a rich program beyond discovery
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201124
mmmmmm
ee
eeeeNew set of operators:
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Discovering Lepton Flavor Violation
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201125
N
m e
pe mm
• Theoretical advantage:
• unique sensitivity to several mechanisms of flavor violation
Best chance for an unambiguous, background free discovery is the mNeN process
Experimental advantage:Monochromatic e above Michel endpoint
From Marciano:
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Discovering lepton flavor violation with Project X
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201126
Build on the lessons learned
from Mu2e
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Beyond Discovery
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201127
Once lepton flavor violation is discovered, Project X would allow a diverse , precision LFV program to disentangle underlying physics
Conversion rate vrs target Z for mNeN
Vector current
Scalar current
dipole
Ratio of meg / mNeN
tan b
negative sign(m)
positive sign(m)
SUSY: B(meg) 100 × B(meee)
Little Higgs: B(meg) B(meee) DF2: m-e+e-m +
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The muon challenge
• The physics case is established
• The community and funding agencies are interested and listening
• The statistics are there with Project X
• Biggest issues are large number of challenges to mounting these experiments
Nothing set in stone New ideas more than welcome Unique flexibility at Project X to mount almost any type of experiment
• Rare opportunity to make an enormous difference even at the level of defining the experiment
Gateway into the field is participation in g-2 and mu2e
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201128
“In the field of opportunity it’s plowing time again”
-Neil Young
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DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201129
E s
Project X EDMs
w
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EDM program• Goal
Discover EDMs or set the most stringent constraints
• Tools The ideal atoms: Nuclear EDM:
• large octuple deformation Electron EDM:
• High Z alkali metals
• Why Project X The ideal atoms have short lifetimes The ISOL facility at Project X can produce greater than 1012 isotopes
per second compared to ~108/s in reactors
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201130
Protons Th
Ra
Rn
Fr
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Good atomic EDM candidates
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201131
Octupole deformed nucleus for nuclear EDMs
225Ra
2 to 3 orders of magnitude enhancement compared to Hg
Alkali metals with outer electron in S wave for electron EDMs
211Fr
)(10
)(3
211
ed
Frd
Order of magnitude sensitivity
compared to Cs
ANL exp PRL 98, 093001 (2007)
Dobaczewski, Engel PRL 94, 232502 (2005)
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DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201132
e
Project X Neutrinos
m
nm
ne
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Neutrino Program• Goal:
Discover new source of CP violation and new flavor symmetries Understand neutrinos to maximize their potential as a tool of science Precision physics through neutrino interferometry
• Tools: Large detectors Well defined initial state variable L/E
• Why Project X: 10 years with Project X = 30 years without Project X
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201133
Pow
er (M
W)
Energy (GeV)
60 120
0.7
2.3
Booster based
Project X
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nm spectrum
ne excess
q13 and CPV
Interferometry
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201134
nm deficit
Precision q23
New ultra weak interaction
Mass hierarchy
nm
ne,m, n3
n2
n1
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Expanded 8 GeV program
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201135
Want high power, short baseline to cover this
Want high stats at low E to cover 2nd max
(why we have WBB)
Low energy m storage ring
for this Upgraded power at 8 GeV for high low E rate
https://indico.fnal.gov/event/sbnw2011
G. Mention
A. Bross, NuFact’11
nS
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Punchline
DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201136
To get from here
to here
is 10 years with Project X and 30 years without
Project X
Grateful acknowledgment to Sam Zeller for help with this
section
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DPF Project X Forum, Aug. 10, 201137
Project X Opportunities
Physics detectors
DAQ accelerators
Discoveries, precision measurements,
Large # of thesis topics
Low mass tracking, ultra precise calorimetry, large
area PMTs, LAr…
compact front end, digitize everything, store everything…
SCRF, cold m and n, n factories, m colliders, ADS, transmutation…