1

Steven A. Garfinkel

Education

Ph.D. 1992, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Health Policy and

Administration

M.P.H. 1972, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Health

Administration

B.A. 1971, Hunter College of the City University of New York, Political

Science

Honors and Awards

U.S. Public Health Service Traineeship, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,

1971-72

Adjunct Professor, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Public Health,

Department of Health Policy and Administration, 2010 - Present

Research Fellow, The Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of

North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2015 – Present

Occasional reviewer for Health Affairs, Medical Care, Milbank Quarterly, The

Gerontologist, Health Economics (UK), Health Services Research, the Retirement

Research Foundation, and the Small Grant Program of the Agency for Health Care Policy

and Research

Member, Editorial Board, Medical Care Research and Review, 1998–Present

Chair of Institutional Review Board #3, Research Triangle Institute, 1996–2001

Member, Institutional Review Board, American Institutes for Research, 2001–2014

Member, Biomedical Institutional Review Board C, School of Medicine, University of

North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2002–2013

Present Position

Institute Fellow and Director of the Office of Scientific Quality and Innovation,

American Institutes for Research (AIR) (2001–Present)

Dr. Garfinkel has 43 years of experience in health services research, with a particular

focus on health insurance, including Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial insurance;

health care outcomes and quality of care; and health care organization. Since 1973, he has

worked on more than 55 distinct contracts, grants, and cooperative agreements, including

15 demonstration evaluations funded by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services

and many CAHPS survey development projects, as project director (PD), principal

investigator (PI), major task leader, or co-investigator. He was PI for AHRQ’s CAHPS I

and CAHPS II cooperative agreements and PD for the AHRQ-funded project to Develop

a CAHPS Survey for Cancer Care. Until his appointment to AIR’s Office of Scientific

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Quality and Innovation in 2016, he directed the $30 million CMS-funded project to

develop the CAHPS surveys for the Health Insurance Marketplaces and Qualified Health

Plans created by the Affordable Care Act. He continues as PI for the Model Systems

Knowledge Translation Center for Traumatic Brain Injury, Spinal Cord Injury, and Burn

Injury, funded by the National Institute for Disability, Independent Living, and

Rehabilitation Research and the PCORI Translation Center. As director of OSQI, he is

responsible for assuring that AIR produces high-quality work and deliverables,

identifying emerging methodological trends, and assuring that AIR staff develop

expertise and reputation in those methods and use them appropriately in proposals and

projects.

Professional Experience

Principal Investigator, Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute Translation

Center (2017-Present)

The PCORI TC helps PCORI meet its statutory obligation to make the results of PCORI-

funded research available in comprehensible, usable form to the general public and health

care providers. The project produces research summaries and abstracts for all PCORI-

funded projects in plain, audience-appropriate English and for selected PCORI projects in

Spanish. High-value results are selected by PCORI for dissemination by the Translation

Center.

Project Director, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), Center for

Clinical Standards and Quality (CCSQ), Development of an Enrollee Satisfaction

Survey For Use In The Exchange Marketplace, AIR (2012–2016)

This is a 5-year, $30 million study to design the standard patient experience of care

surveys to be used by CMS to assess and report on the performance of the Health

Insurance Marketplaces and Qualified Health Plans authorized by the Patient Protection

and Affordable Care Act. The project includes the design and field testing of the survey

instruments and operations, development of a nationwide network of survey vendors and

a system for certification and monitoring, conducting a nationwide beta test of the data

collection and reporting system, developing a structure for reporting the measures to the

public, the Marketplaces, and the QHPs, and implementing the first and second publically

reported surveys in 2016 and 2017.

Principal Investigator, National Institute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research

(NIDRR), Model Systems Knowledge Translation Center, AIR (2011–Present)

The MSKTC serves as the knowledge translation center for NIDRR’s three Model

Systems clinical research networks: Spinal Cord Injury, Traumatic Burn Injury, and Burn

Injury. The MSKTC helps the research centers and data centers funded under the Model

Systems programs conduct systematic reviews of the literature; synthesize and translate

their findings for multiple audiences; and develop standard methods and templates for

knowledge synthesis and translation.

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Project Director, AHRQ, Developing the CAHPS Survey for Cancer Care, AIR

(2009–2012)

The CAHPS® Cancer Care Survey, a task order under AHRQ’s ACTION task order

contract, represents a significant innovation in CAHPS surveys, because it is the first to

assess care for a specific kind of illness. AIR and its partner, Mayo Clinic, are developing

this survey using the standard CAHPS design principles and development process, to

provide a holistic view of patient-centered care for research and, possibly, for clinical

management of complex chronic conditions.

Advisor, California HealthCare Foundation (CHCF), The Business Case for Cancer

CAHPS and Test the Cancer CAHPS Survey in Community Oncology Practices in

California (2013–Present)

This project produced an assessment of the business case based on stakeholder interviews

and is revising and testing the Cancer CAHPS survey in community oncology practices

in California to supplement the initial AHRQ- and NCI-sponsored psychometric test in

hospital-based cancer centers.

Advisor, National Patient Advocate Foundation, Consumer-Based Cancer Care

Value Index Project (2012–Present)

The CCCVI identifies the comparative value that patients place on various aspects of their cancer care and provides feedback to their cancer care providers about how well they are performing in the areas that are most important to the respondent. It also provides feedback on patient outcomes. The project includes formative research, a pilot test of the survey instrument, instrument revisions, and a national field survey of the

final instrument.

Advisor, CMS and Truven, Development of the Experience of Care Survey for

Persons Receiving Home and Community-Based Services through Medicaid (2010–

Present)

AIR subcontracts to Truven for the development of a patient experience of care survey to

assess the quality of care delivered by home and community-based services programs to

across the range of disabilities.

Project Director, AHRQ, Standardizing Antibiotic Use in Long-Term Care Settings

(SAUL) (2009–2012)

Inappropriate and excessive use of antibiotics in nursing homes is a significant problem,

because it consumes unnecessary resources and contributes to the growing incidence of

infection caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria, such as MRSA and clostridium difficile.

The SAUL project, a task order under AHRQ’s ACTION task order contract, is

designing, implementing, and evaluating a nursing home intervention to increase

adherence to the Loeb Criteria, the standard guideline for antibiotic use in nursing homes,

by improving record-keeping and communication between the nursing home staff and the

resident’s attending physician. The study includes a usability test in four nursing homes,

a small-scale pilot study in four nursing homes, and a full-scale field test in 12 nursing

homes in Texas.

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AIR Subgrant Project Director and Co-investigator, AHRQ, Managing Clostridium

difficile in Nursing Homes and Hospitals, AIR (2010–2012)

Working with the Texas A & M University School of Rural Public Health and the TMF

Health Quality Institute, AIR helped to develop a clinical guideline and communication

tool to manage and decrease Clostridium difficile infection rates during transitions

between nursing homes and acute inpatient hospitals. Led the acquisition and analysis of

CMS Nursing Home Minimum Data Set (MDS) files to determine the national incidence

of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in nursing homes and the frequencies with

which they are present at admission or acquired in the nursing home.

Advisor, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Development and

Evaluation of the Guide to Nursing Home Antimicrobial Stewardship, AIR

(2013–Present) This is a 3-year, $1.9 million study to design and evaluate a Guide for nursing home staff

and attending clinicians to help them optimize antimicrobial stewardship and reduce the

incidence of multidrug-resistant health care associated infections in nursing homes. The

Guide offers two communication tools and two antibiogram tools that can be used by

nursing home staff and clinicians. The four tools were developed under contract to

AHRQ and include the SAUL communication tools developed by AIR.

Evaluation Director, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ),

Community Forum, AIR (2010–2013)

Community Forum was an effort of AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program intended to

obtain input from the public on the use of evidence for health care research, practice, and

policy through the use of public deliberation methods; determine the most effective and

cost-effective approaches to using public deliberation for this purpose; and manage

AHRQ’s stakeholder panel. The evaluation used a randomized controlled experiment to

test the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and acceptability of four alternative methods of

public deliberation. It used a complex, creative randomization process to address

scheduling and selection bias problems inherent in recruiting individuals for a group-

level intervention.

Co-Investigator, Keys for Networking, No Place Like Home, AIR (2009–2011)

AIR collaborated with Keys for Networking on a successful grant proposal for a

Children’s Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act (CHIPRA) of 2009, Outreach

and Enrollment Grant from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. No

Place Like Home is a program designed to increase enrollment in Medicaid or CHIP

among children exiting foster care and incarceration in Kansas. Responsible for the

evaluation, design and conduct of the evaluation.

Principal Investigator, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Evaluation of the

Maryland Quality-Based Reimbursement System, AIR (2008–2012)

Maryland is the only State in the Nation with the authority, through a Medicare waiver, to

regulate reimbursement for all inpatient stays (all patients, all hospitals, and all payers) in

non-Federal acute care hospitals. Maryland began implementing a quality-based

reimbursement system (sometimes called value-based purchasing or

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pay-for-performance) in all acute care hospitals in July 2009. This project evaluated the

impact of two value-based reimbursement programs—Quality-Based Reimbursement

(QBR) and Maryland Hospital Acquired Conditions (MHAC)—on quality of care, cost of

care, and health care disparities using data from the Maryland Health Services Cost

Reimbursement Commission, the Maryland Health Care Commission, and CMS.

Co-Investigator, AHRQ, Reducing Waste and Inefficiency through Process

Redesign, AIR (2008–2012)

This project will further assess and disseminate promising techniques and methodologies

for redesigning healthcare processes to reduce waste and enhance efficiency, by

investigating the contribution of Lean/Toyota Production Systems (TPS) to reducing

waste in health care delivery systems. The project will conduct 8 case studies of

Lean/TPS implementation in health care delivery systems at the Mayo Clinic.

Responsible for developing the business case for Lean/TPS adoption in health care based

on the case studies and environmental scan.

Project Director, CMS, Part D Consumer Research, AIR (2007–2010)

Led a study of Medicare Part D nonenrollees without creditable coverage to identify their

personal characteristics, reasons for not enrolling in Part D, reasons for not seeking

financial assistance for Part D through the low-income supplement (LIS), and knowledge,

attitudes, and behavior with respect to Medicare, Part D, financial assistance, and

prescription drug purchasing in order to assist CMS in developing effective methods to

encourage Part D enrollment among these beneficiaries. We conducted a national

probability survey of the nonenrolled population and three analytic tasks. First, we

analyzed the survey data to describe the population of Part D nonenrollees in detail. This

included extensive cross-tabulations and regression analysis to understand the drivers of

knowledge and behavior. It also included segmentation analysis in which we identified

three major segments that accounted for about half the population of Part D nonenrollees.

Second, we developed a methodology for linking the individual-level survey data to

geographic- and segment-based PRIZM data. PRIZM is a commercial database

developed from the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey, which describes

segments in the entire US population. Many of these segments are similar to the Part D

nonenrollee population and provide many additional variables, which we used in further

analysis of the Part D nonenrollee population. Third, we conducted in-depth interviews

with primary care physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, office managers,

and pharmacists to determine if and how primary care providers could be engaged as

information intermediaries about Part D for their eligible patients who are not enrolled.

Advisor, CMS, Evaluation of Second Phase of Oncology Demonstration Program,

AIR (2006–2010)

Advised L&M Policy Research on various aspects of the evaluation, including the survey

of oncologists participating in the 2006 Second Phase Oncology Demonstration Program,

which reimburses oncologists for the use of G-codes when submitting claims.

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Co-Principal Investigator and AIR Project Director, AHRQ and Washington Rural

Healthcare Quality Network (RHQN), a Rural HIT Cooperative to Promote Clinical

Improvement, AIR (2004–2008)

Responsible for the design and evaluation of a health information technology (HIT)

intervention in 13 rural Washington critical access hospitals. The HIT intervention

included education and training opportunities, shared performance data, and interactive

communications among the clinical staff members using a shared computer network. Led

the evaluation of the intervention, using a quasi-experimental, partial crossover design, in

which six eastern Washington hospitals exposed to the intervention were compared with

six western hospitals that were unexposed for the first year and exposed for the second

year of the study. Data collection included qualitative interviews and focus groups with

clinical staff; knowledge, behavior, attitudes, and culture surveys of clinical staff;

analysis of clinical performance measures; and tracking of computer network usage by

clinical staff.

Principal Investigator, AHRQ and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

(CMS), Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS II),

AIR (2002–2008)

Responsibilities included overall project management, management of relationships with

the sponsor, subcontractors, and other cooperative agreement holders, development of

instruments, design of field tests (especially for the CAHPS Hospital, Nursing Home

Family, and Home Health Care Surveys), design of CAHPS reports, and research design,

data collection, and analysis for evaluation of private and public reporting

demonstrations.

Co-Investigator, Pharmacy Quality Alliance (PQA), Development of a Consumer

Assessment of Pharmacist/Pharmacy Services, AIR (2007–2008)

Responsible for the design of experimental comparisons within the field test, advice to

project staff on all aspects of the project, and quality control. This project will develop an

instrument and survey methodology for a standardized survey to assess the performance

of pharmacies from the patient’s perspective. The instrument and methods will be

submitted to the CAHPS Consortium for acceptance as a CAHPS survey product.

Senior Advisor, TRICARE Management Activity, The Dental CAHPS Pilot Survey

Project, AIR (2004–2006)

Provide technical advice for the study to develop a CAHPS instrument to assess the

performance of dental insurance plans, including literature review and focus groups to

identify the domains of importance, drafting and cognitive testing of items, a field test

with a sample of 4,200 beneficiaries, investigation of reporting options, and obtaining

adoption of the instrument as an official CAHPS product.

Research Leader, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Making the

Health and Business Case to Purchasers of Health Plans To Buy Prevention Related

Benefits for Cardiovascular Health, AIR (2002–2005)

Design and analyze the literature review and key informant interviews needed to build

the case and develop messages for the toolkit to be used in persuading purchasers to buy

cardiovascular health promotion benefits.

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Principal Investigator, CMS (HCFA) and CNAC, Improving Nursing Home

Enforcement, AIR (2001–2005)

Analyze CMS’ Enforcement Tracking System database and design, and supervise case

studies of State agency and IDR practices.

Co-Principal Investigator, SAMHSA, Medicaid Support for Community-Based

Health Services, AIR (2001–2006)

Supervise project and review papers to assure accuracy and technical quality.

Co-investigator, CMS (HCFA) and CNAC, Integrated Chronic Disease Quality

Performance Measurement at the Physician Level, AIR (2001–2003)

Reviewed products for quality control and provide advice on design.

Advisor, CMS, Evaluation of the BadgerCare Medicaid Demonstration, RTI (2000–

2001)

Advised the research team and project officer on the evaluation design and data

collection methods for the evaluation of the BadgerCare demonstration, Wisconsin’s

Section 1115 waiver to expand Medicaid coverage to low income persons and integrate

Medicaid and employer-sponsored coverage.

Project Director, HCFA, Analysis of Medicare Beneficiary Baseline Knowledge

Data Using Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, RTI (1999–2001)

Developed a beneficiary knowledge index from MCBS questions.

Project Director, HCFA, Nationwide Evaluation of Medicare & You 2000, RTI

(1999–2000)

Responsible for project management, design of the study and survey, survey data

analysis, and preparation of reports and articles.

Task Leader, HCFA, Analysis of Access and Quality Issues, Evaluation of

Competitive Bidding Demonstration for DME and POS, RTI (1998–1999)

Responsible for analysis of case study and Medicare beneficiary survey data to assess the

impact on Medicare beneficiaries of the demonstration of competitive bidding for HCFA

contracts for durable medical equipment, medical devices, and supplies in Polk County,

Florida.

Principal Investigator and Evaluation Director, AHRQ and HCFA, Consumer

Assessment of Health Plans Study, RTI (1995–2001)

As Director of Evaluation, led evaluations of CAHPS information among Medicare,

Medicaid, and privately insured beneficiaries using qualitative and quantitative methods.

For Medicare beneficiaries in Kansas City, the evaluation also included the 1999

Medicare & You handbook.

Co-Investigator and Subcontract Director, HCFA and Health Economics Research

(HER), Evaluation of the Oregon Medicaid Reform Demonstration, RTI

(1994–2000)

Managed primary data collection activities, including focus groups and surveys of OHP

Phase I and II beneficiaries (Medicaid TANF, SSI, and expansion eligibility), uninsured

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and privately insured persons, persons with selected chronic conditions, persons with

physical and mental disabilities, rehabilitation agencies, and physicians. Analyzed

eligibility and enrollment effects and the impact of the demonstration on employers, the

private insurance industry, and providers of service to persons receiving Supplemental

Security Income.

Co-Investigator and Subcontract Director, HCFA and HER, Evaluation of the

Group Volume Performance Standards Demonstration, RTI (1995–1996)

Developed a quasi-experimental evaluation design to study the impact of this pay-for-

performance reimbursement mechanism on medical groups and Medicare beneficiaries.

Co-Investigator and Subcontract Director, HCFA and HER, Evaluation of the

Demonstration of Medicaid Extension of Eligibility to Certain Low-Income Families

Not Otherwise Qualified to Receive Medicaid Benefits, RTI (1992–1996)

Conducted site visits and prepared case study analyses, and designed and conducted

surveys of individuals and employers. Prepared analysis of employer and insurance

industry issues.

Principal Investigator, HCFA, Information Needs for Consumer Choice, RTI

(1994–1998)

Responsible for overall project supervision, case studies, design of reports, and analysis

of the cost and benefits trade-offs among Medicare HMOs and Medigap plans.

Project Director, HCFA, Evaluation of the Medicare SELECT Amendments, RTI

(1993–1996)

Responsible for conducting and supervising case studies of the 15 demonstration states

(insurance departments and participating insurers), surveys of insurers and Medicare

beneficiaries, and analysis of Medicare claims data to assess the impact of the program

on access, satisfaction, beneficiary premiums, and the use and cost of services.

Co-Investigator and Subcontract Director, HCFA and Benova, Beneficiary

Information, Education, and Marketing Strategies, RTI (1996–1997)

Consulted on the initial design of public information and enrollment materials for the

Competitive Pricing Demonstration for Medicare managed care plans.

Co-Investigator, AHRQ, Costs and Characteristics of Employment-Based Health

Insurance, RTI (1993–1995)

Analyzed the nationwide employer data set from HCFA’s Survey of Private Health

Insurance Plans, data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and other publicly available

data to study the relationships among employer characteristics, characteristics of their

health benefits plans, and other benefits, such as employee assistance programs. Prepared

manuscripts for peer-reviewed publication.

Senior Policy Analyst, Foster Higgins, Health Benefits Survey, RTI (1993–1995)

This national survey served as one of the principal sources of data on trends in enrollment

and spending for employee health benefits, the main source of health insurance in the

United States. Responsible for analytic policy issues.

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Co-Investigator, HCFA, State Health Care Reform Initiatives and Medicaid 1115

Waivers, RTI (1993–1995)

Responsibilities included case study data collection and analysis.

Co-Investigator and Subcontract Director, HCFA and HER, Evaluation of

Information, Counseling, and Assistance Programs, RTI (1993–1994)

As subcontractor to HER, monitored and examined the cost-effectiveness and future

efficacy of state programs that use Federal grant funds to deliver information, counseling,

and assistance to Medicare beneficiaries about procuring adequate and appropriate health

insurance coverage. Methods included case study analysis and an inventory of all 52

State and territorial programs.

Co-Investigator, HCFA, Evaluation of Medicaid Managed Care Programs with

1915(b) Waivers, RTI (1992–1996)

Responsible for evaluation design, including the acquisition of claims data to compare

1915(b) waiver program enrollees with fee-for-service Medicaid beneficiaries.

Project Director, HCFA, Survey of Private Health Insurance Plans, RTI

(1988–1991)

Responsible for designing the instruments and supervising data collection, data cleaning,

and analysis.

Analysis Task Leader, BCBS Federal Employees Program, Product Development

Survey, RTI (1986–1987)

Participated in the design of a factorial survey, experimental study and led the descriptive

and conjoint analysis of data to identify beneficiary preferences for product line features.

Co-Investigator, HCFA, Evaluation of the Nationwide Medicaid Competition

Demonstrations, RTI (1983–1988)

Contributed to the development of the beneficiary survey for the first major national

evaluation of the use of capitation and competition to delivery Medicaid services.

Primary responsibility for the financial analysis of the causes for the bankruptcy of a

failed demonstration site.

Analysis Task Leader, HCFA, National Medical Care Utilization and Expenditure

Survey (NMCUES) Analysis Project, RTI (1981–1985)

Designed and conducted a set of studies comparing Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries

with private insurance beneficiaries and uninsured persons, using data from the

NMCUES.

Project Analyst, HCFA, Medicare Capitation Demonstration Evaluation, RTI

(1980–1984)

Responsible for the design of the beneficiary survey instruments and the analysis of

survey data to identify factors in the decision of Medicare beneficiaries to enroll in

HCFA’s first demonstration of capitation payment for Medicare services. Developed

questionnaires and prepared an article on beneficiary enrollment choice.

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Employment History

2001–Present Institute Fellow, Health Policy and Research Group, Health & Social

Development Program, American Institutes for Research

1973–2001 Director, Center for Health Services, Economics and Policy Research,

Research Triangle Institute

1972–1973 Health Planner, Atlanta University Center Health Services Project

Professional Affiliations

AcademyHealth

Publications

Garfinkel, Steven, Ying Wang, Yi Lu, Marilyn Moon, Brenna Raines, Christian Evensen (2017).

Linking Reimbursement to Performance in Acute Care Hospitals: Lessons from

Maryland’s Implementation Experience. Journal of Health Care Finance, Winter 2017.

Nathan T Coffey, James Cassese, Xinsheng Cai, Steven Garfinkel, Drasti Patel, Rebecca Jones,

Dahlia Shaewitz, Ali A Weinstein (2017). Identifying and Understanding the Health

Information Experiences and Preferences of Caregivers of Individuals with Either

Traumatic Brain Injury, Spinal Cord Injury, or Burn Injury: A Qualitative Investigation.

Journal of Medical Internet Research;19(5):e159, doi:10.2196/jmir.7027.

Gerber, LH, Andrew Nava, Steven Garfinkel, Divya Goel, Ali A. Weinstein, Cindy Cai (2016).

Commentary: A need for an augmented review when reviewing rehabilitation research.

Disability and Health Journal 9 (2016) 559e566.

McMaughan, Darcy K., Obioma Nwaiwu, Hongwei Zhao , Elizabeth Frentzel, David Mehr, Sara

Imanpour, Steven Garfinkel, Charles D. Phillips (2016). Impact of a decision-making aid

for suspected urinary tract infections on antibiotic overuse in nursing homes. BMC

Geriatrics (December).

Harrison, Michael I., Kathryn Paez, Kristin L Carman, Jennifer Stephens, Lauren Smeeding,

Kelly J Devers, Steven Garfinkel (2016). Effects of Organizational Context on Lean

Implementation in Five Hospital Systems, Health Care Management Review (Jan-Mar).

Carman, Kristin L., Coretta Mallery, Maureen Maurer, Grace Wang, Steve Garfinkel, Manshu

Yang, Dierdre Gilmore, Amy Windham, Marjorie Ginsburg, Shoshanna Sofaer, Marthe

Gold, Ela Pathak-Sen, Todd Davies, Joanna Siegel, Rikki Mangrum, Jessica Fernandez,

Jennifer Richmond, James Fishkin, Alice Siu Chao (2015). Effectiveness of public

deliberation methods for gathering input on issues in healthcare: Results from a

randomized trial. Social Science & Medicine Vol. 133, pp. 11-20.

Kahvecioglu, Daver, Kalpana Ramiah, Darcy McMaughan, Steven Garfinkel, Veronica E.

McSorley, Quy Nhi Nguyen, Manshu Yang, Christopher Pugliese, David Mehr, Charles

D. Phillips (2014). Multidrug-Resistant Organism Infections in US Nursing Homes: A

National Study of Prevalence, Onset, and Transmission across Care Settings, October 1,

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2010–December 31, 2011(pp. S48-S55) Stable URL:

http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/677835

Evensen C, Keller S, Neeraj Arora, Steven Garfinkel, Kathleen Yost, Elizabeth Frentzel (2013).

Measuring cancer care quality: psychometric properties of an instrument for assessing

patient experience with cancer care. Quality of Life Research, 22: 26 (September).

Frentzel E, Evensen C, Sangl J, Cosenza C, Brown J, Keller S, Garfinkel, S (2012). Giving voice

to the vulnerable: The development of a CAHPS nursing home survey measuring family

members' experiences. Medical Care. Vol. 50 Suppl:S20-7.

Garfinkel, S (2012). Making Health Care Lean. Hospitals & Health Networks Daily, July 5. (not

peer-reviewed)

Levine R, Shore K, Lubalin J, Garfinkel S, Hurtado M, Carman K (2012). Comparing physician

and patient perceptions of quality in ambulatory care. Int J Qual Health Care. 24(4): 348-

356 first published online May 22, 2012 doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzs023.

Goldstein, E., M. Farquhar, C. Crofton, C. Darby, S. Garfinkel (2005). Measuring Hospital Care

from the Patients’ Perspective: An Overview of the CAHPS® Hospital Survey

Development Process. Health Services Research, Vol. 40, No. 6, Part II, pp. 1977–1995.

McCormack, L. A., S. A. Garfinkel, J. H. Hibbard, S. Keller, K. E. Kilpatrick, B. Kosiak (2002).

Health Insurance Knowledge among Medicare Beneficiaries. Health Services Research,

Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 43–63.

McCormack, L. A., W. Anderson, J. Uhrig,, S. A. Garfinkel, S. Sofaer, S. Terrell (2001). Health

Plan Decision-Making in the Medicare Population: Results from a National Randomized

Experiment. Health Services Research, Vol. 36, No. 6, Part II, pp. 133–149.

McCormack, L. A., S. A. Garfinkel, J. H. Hibbard, K. E. Kilpatrick, and W. D. Kalsbeek.

Beneficiary Survey-Based Feedback on New Medicare Informational Materials. Health

Care Financing Review, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 37–46.

Bender, R. H. and S. A. Garfinkel (2001). Differences in the structure of CAHPS® Measures

among the Medicare Fee-for-service, Medicare Managed Care, and Privately Insured

Populations. Health Services Research, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 489–508.

Harris-Kojetin, L. D., L. A. McCormack, E. F. Jael, J. A. Sangl, and S. A. Garfinkel (2001).

Creating More Effective Consumer Health Plan Reports: Lessons from a Synthesis of

Qualitative Testing. Health Services Research, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 447–476.

McCormack, L. A., S. A. Garfinkel, J. H. Hibbard, S. D. Keller, K. E. Kilpatrick, and B. Kosiak.

(2002). Health Insurance Knowledge among Medicare Beneficiaries. Health Services

Research, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 41–61.

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McCormack, L. A., S. A. Garfinkel, J. H. Hibbard, E. C. Norton, and U. J. Bayen (2001). Health

Plan Decision-Making with New Medicare Informational Materials. Health Services

Research, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 531–554.

Hibbard, J. H., L. Harris-Kojetin, P. Mullin, J. Lubalin, and S. Garfinkel. (2000). Increasing the

Impact of Health Plan Report Cards by Addressing Consumers’ Concerns. Health Affairs,

Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 138–143.

Norton, E. C., S. A. Garfinkel, L. J. McQuay, D. A. Heck, J. G. Wright, R. Dittus, and R. M.

Lubitz (1998). The Effect of Hospital Volume on the In-hospital Complication Rate in

Knee Replacement Patients. Health Services Research, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 1191–1210.

Lee, A. J., S. A. Garfinkel, R. Khandker, and E. C. Norton (1997). The Impact of Medicare

SELECT on Cost and Utilization in Eleven States. Health Care Financing Review,

Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 19–40.

McCormack, L. A., S. A. Garfinkel, J. A. Schnaier, A. J. Lee, and J. A. Sangl (1996). Consumer

Information Development and Use. Health Care Financing Review, Vol. 18, No. 1,

pp. 15–30.

McCormack, L. A., J. A. Schnaier, A. J. Lee, and S. A. Garfinkel (1996). Medicare Beneficiary

Counseling Programs: What Are They and Do They Work? Health Care Financing

Review, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 127–140.

Garfinkel, S. A. (1995). Self-Insuring Employee Health Benefits. Medical Care Research and

Review, Vol. 52, pp. 475–491.

Zarkin, G. A., S. A. Garfinkel, F. P. Potter, and J. J. McNeill (1995). Employment-Based Health

Insurance Data: Implications of the Sampling Unit for Policy Analysis. Inquiry, Vol. 32,

pp. 310–319.

Zarkin, G. A. and S. A. Garfinkel (1994). The Relationship between Employer Health Insurance

Characteristics and the Provision of Employee Assistance Programs. Inquiry, Vol. 31,

pp. 102–114.

Garfinkel, S. A., G. F. Riley, and V. G. Iannacchione (1988). High Cost Users of Medical Care.

Health Care Financing Review, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 41–52.

Garfinkel, S. A., A. J. Bonito, and K. R. McLeroy (1987). Socioeconomic Factors and Medicare

Supplemental Health Insurance. Health Care Financing Review, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 21–30.

Reprinted in Source Book on Post Retirement Health Care Benefits, Paul, R.D. (Ed.),

Greensward, NY: Panel Publishers, Greensward, NY, 1988, pp. 63–80.

Garfinkel, S. A., W. E. Schlenger, K. R. McLeroy, F. A. Bryan, B. J. G. York, G. H. Dunteman,

and A. S. Friedlob (1986). Choice of Payment Plan in the Medicare Capitation

Demonstration. Medical Care, Vol. 24, pp. 628–640.

13

Selected Professional Presentations

Garfinkel, S., et al. Results from Development of a Patient Experience Survey for Cancer Care.

Presentation at the 2012 AHRQ Annual Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, September 10,

2012.

Garfinkel et al. Effects of a Communication Form to Improve Antibiotic Stewardship in Nursing

Homes. Presentation at the 2012 AHRQ Annual Conference, Bethesda, MD, September

10, 2012.

Garfinkel, S., C. Evensen, M. Hurtado, M. Maurer, G. Castillo, D. Ganachari, J. Pitman, J. Huck,

and L. Thomas. On-Line Communities to Improve Guidelines Adherence. Presentation at

the AHIMA Conference “Setting a Quality Improvement Research Agenda to Leverage

HIT/HIM Implementation in Rural America” Alexandria, VA, April 22, 2010.

Garfinkel, S., C. Evensen, M. Hurtado, M. Maurer, G. Castillo, D. Ganachari, J. Pitman, J. Huck

(2008, March 18). Evaluation of the Health IT Application for AMI and Pneumonia.

Presentation at the AMI & CAP Outcomes Congress, Spokane, WA.

Hurtado, M., M. Maurer, C. Evensen, G. Castillo, S. Garfinkel, J. Pitman, J. Huck (2007,

October 1). Evaluation of a Health IT Application for AMI and Pneumonia in Rural U.S.

Hospitals. Presented at the 24th Conference of the International Society for Quality in

Health Care, Boston, MA.

Garfinkel, S., Angeles, J., Evensen, C., Eisenhart, E., (2007, March 29). Evaluating Quality

Improvement in Rural Hospitals: The Problems of Small Numbers. Presented at the

National Conference on Small Numbers: Challenges and Innovations in Evaluation of

Quality of Care Measures Based on Small Counts, Dallas, TX.

Moucheraud, C., Angeles J., Maurer, M., Hurtado, M., Garfinkel, S., Floersheim, E. (2005,

May). Evaluating a Health IT Application for AMI and Pneumonia in Rural Hospitals.

Presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Rural Health Association, Reno, NV.

Shore, K., Levine, R., Mitchell, J., Hurtado, M., Garfinkel, S., Carman, K. (2005). Perceptions of

Specific Clinician Behaviors Linked to Health Care Quality. Presented at the Annual

Research Meeting of Academy Health.

Shore, K. K., Levine, R. L., Mitchell, J., Carman, K., Hurtado, M., Lubalin, J., & Garfinkel, S.

(2004). Development of a Taxonomy: Patient and Provider Perspectives on Health Care

Quality, Poster presentation at the 2004 Annual Research Meeting of AcademyHealth.

Shore, K. K., S. A. Garfinkel, J. S. Lubalin, K. L. Carman, M. P. Hurtado, R. Levine, and

J. Mitchell. (2004). Development of a Taxonomy: Patient and Provider Perspectives on

Health Care Quality. Poster presentation at the Annual Research Meeting of

AcademyHealth, San Diego, CA.

14

Hurtado, M. P. and S. A. Garfinkel (2003). The Consumer Perspective on Health Care:

CAHPS II. A presentation to the National Association of State Medicaid Directors,

Bethesda, MD.

Garfinkel, S. A. (2002). The Consumer Perspective on Health Care: CAHPS II. A presentation at

the Public Health Outcomes Seminar, School of Public Health, University of North

Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC.

Garfinkel, S. A. (1998). Consumer Assessments of Health Plans Study...the Kansas

Demonstration. A presentation at the 3rd Annual Kansas Health Quality Forum: The

Quest for Quality, Creating and Sustaining Real Change, Wichita, KS.

Rosenbach, M., N. Swigonski, S. A. Garfinkel, S. Rangarajan, and C. Hwang. (1997). The

Oregon Health Plan’s Priority List: Implementation and Impacts. A paper presented (by

Rosenbach, M.) at the 125th Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association,

Indianapolis, IN.

Farley, D. and S. A. Garfinkel (1997). Methods in Health Services Research: Techniques for

Measuring and Evaluating Consumers’ Use of Information in Health Care Decisions. A

paper presented (by Farley, D.) at the 125th Annual Meeting of the American Public

Health Association, Indianapolis, IN.

Garfinkel, S. A. (1997). Consumer Assessments of Health Plans Study. A presentation at the

January meeting of the Oregon Consumer Scorecard Consortium, Portland, OR.

Garfinkel S. A. (1996). Identifying the Special Information Needs of Medicare Beneficiaries:

Results From the Information Needs for Consumer Choice Project. A paper presented at

the conference on Value and Choice: Providing Consumers with Information on the

Quality of Health Care, sponsored by the Henry J. Kaiser Foundation and the U.S.

Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Arlington, VA.

Lee, A. J., S. A. Garfinkel, R. Khandker, and E. C. Norton (1996). The Impact of Medicare

SELECT on Cost and Utilization in Eleven States. A paper presented (by Lee, A. J.) at the

13th Annual Meeting of the Association for Health Services Research, Atlanta, GA.

Boyle, K. E., F. J. Potter, S. A. Garfinkel, et al. (1991). Use of CATI in a Business Survey of

Health Insurance Plans. In Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods,

American Statistical Association.

Garfinkel, S. A., F. J. Potter, and J. J. McNeill. (1989). Survey of Private Health Insurance

Plans. A paper presented (by Garfinkel, S. A.) at the 117th Annual Meeting of the

American Public Health Association, Chicago, IL.

Lavange, L., V. G. Iannacchione, and S. A. Garfinkel (1986). An Application of Logistic

Regression Methods to Survey Data: Predicting High Cost Users of Medical Care.

Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research, American Statistical Association.

15

Garfinkel S. A. et al. (1977). Organization of Dentistry in Selected HMO’s. A paper presented

(by Garfinkel, S. A.) at the l05th Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Care

Association, Washington, DC.

Nash, K. D. and S. A. Garfinkel (1976). Quality Assurance in Selected Third Party Carriers of

Prepaid Dental Plans. A paper presented (by Nash, K. D.) at the l04th Annual Meeting of the

American Public Health Association, Miami Beach, FL.