stops and approaches - calibrepress.com
TRANSCRIPT
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO: ______________________ Trainee:_______________________________
Date: ______________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
The trainee stops a vehicle for speed. The violator was checked at 57 mph in a 35 mph zone with a LIDAR unit.
Expectations of Instructors
The instructor will be cooperative and remain inside of the vehicle throughout the entire contact. The instructor will provide any and all paperwork the officer requests.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor /FTO:_________________________Trainee:________________________________
Date:______________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
The trainee stops a vehicle for failing to come to a complete stop at a stop sign at an intersection of city streets in light traffic conditions.
Expectations of Instructors
The instructor will be polite and cooperative. The instructor will attempt to exit the vehicle to plead his case for a warning instead of a citation. The instructor will remain respectful but raise
the issues of: light traffic, excellent visibility, good driving record and almost coming to a complete stop.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:________________________ Trainee:_________________________________
Date:______________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
The trainee stops a violator for a speeding violation of 56mph in a 25mph zone.
Expectations of Instructors
The instructor will act very excited and upset. The instructor will state that they are transporting a seriously ill person to the hospital emergency room and need a police escort. The instructor will plead desperately until the officer provides a satisfactory alternative to an
escort.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:__________________________ Trainee:___________________
Date:______________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
The officer will stop with a vehicle parked legally on the street and reported to having four males in the car dressed in dark clothing. The caller reported the subjects were throwing empty
beer cans into her yard.
Expectations of Instructors
The instructor will immediately exit the vehicle and walk to the back of the vehicle and stop. The instructor will speak in a loud voice with animated gestures. The passenger will attempt to exit the vehicle at which time the instructor will tell the passenger to get back in the vehicle and shut up. If asked, the passenger will state they are the brother and the reason they pulled over
was they were looking for a friend’s house.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:________________________ Trainee:______________________________
Date:________________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
The officer stops with a pedestrian walking down the middle of the street.
Expectations of Instructors
The instructor will have a small handgun concealed on their person, not visible to the officer. Prior to allowing a “Terry Search” the instructor will flee on foot. Instructions will be given that
the trainee need not tackle but merely touch a fleeing instructor to end the foot pursuit
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:____________________________Trainee:_____________________________
Date:______________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
The suspect vehicle is stopped for multiple left of center violations. The suspect vehicle pulls off the LEFT side of the roadway and comes to a violent stop. The student will be told that the suspect has a strong odor of an alcoholic beverage on his breath. The scenario will end when
the student decides to arrest or resume patrol.
Expectations of Instructors
The instructor will remain seated in the vehicle with the window rolled up forcing the student to ask to roll the window down. After asked to roll the window down the instructor will only
roll the window down far enough to produce a driver’s license through the opening. The instructor will answer all questions asked without making eye contact with the student.
Instructor will give common amounts heard while in the field when questioned on how much they had to drink. The instructor will also display some minor slurring of their speech. When
asked to step out of their vehicle to perform field sobriety tests, the instructor will comply and perform all tests with minor clues.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:_________________________ Trainee:__________________________
Date: ______________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
Student stops violator for a speed violation (70 MPH in a 55 MPH zone). The student approaches the vehicle. As he/she approaches, the driver quickly exits the vehicle and walks
towards the student. The driver tells the student he is a City Council Man and he is on his way to City Hall. He demands that he receive a warning rather than a ticket.
Expectations of Instructors
The instructor will appear agitated, but will remain compliant and professional.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:__________________________ Trainee:__________________________
Date:______________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
Student stops with a pedestrian walking in the middle of the street who matched the description of a theft suspect from the local gas station. The instructor will not allow the
student to conduct a Terry search.
Expectations of Instructors
. The instructor will state they do not like people violating their personal space. The instructor will not be compliant and continue to walk away from the suspect. At some point the he will
try to pull a weapon from his waist band.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:__________________________ Trainee:__________________________
Date:______________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
In a controlled environment, place a patrol car behind a suspect vehicle. If at all possible, do
not use another patrol car as the violator car. Have an actual set of license plates on the
suspect vehicle. Have the student call in the traffic stop. This will be done using and actual
radio and dispatcher if possible. The patrol car and the suspect vehicle will be CLEARED multiple
times for live weapons. The student and the instructor will both be armed with simunition gun
and extra rounds.
The student will then exit the vehicle and make an approach to the vehicle. The student will
not be given any advice on which type of approach to make on the vehicle. Once the student is
in between the two vehicles the instructor will open fire on the student. The instructor will stay
in the fight until they are struck with a round. They should act according. If the rounds are
striking vital areas of the body, they should fall to the ground and drop the weapon.
Expectations of Instructors
The instructor will have a weapon. The instructor will remain calm and state that they do not like people violating their personal space. The instructor will have a baggie of cocaine in their
front trouser pocket.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:__________________________ Trainee:__________________________
Date:______________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Misdemeanor – Shoot / Don’t Shoot
Scenario
In a controlled environment, conduct a simulated traffic stop for a minor speeding violation (
Speed is of your choice) . The student again will handle the traffic stop as if it is real and will
notify a dispatcher and proceed as they would on a traffic stop. The instructor will comply with
follow the lead and comply with the student’s directives. If the student does not control the
traffic stop, the instructor is allowed to try an attempt to get a shot off on the student.
Expectations of Instructors
The instructor will have a bible on the passenger partially covered up either a shirt or newspaper. The gun should be located near the bible out of the sight of the student. The
instructor should try to read a bible verse to the student and pray for his safety. At this point, if he can obtain the gun, he should try to get a shot off.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee use proper radio procedure and radio signals throughout the entire stop?
• The trainee should control the movements of the driver o Asking for one document at a time o Asking where documents are located in the vehicle o Making sure the driver understands what is asked of them prior to reaching for
documents
• The trainee should control the hands of the driver at all times
• Do not stand in the fatal funnel (Where the window is)
• The trainee does not become distracted and maintains a constant watch over the driver
• Was the trainee’s response to the situation appropriate?
• Did the trainee explain the violation correctly?
• Did the trainee issue a citation or warning? (discuss the options)
• Did the trainee give clear instruction on taking care of the citation? (if issued)
*** If shots are Fired ***
• The trainee should react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• The trainee should put accurate rounds on the target and know they are accountable for all rounds fired.
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Officer/Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:____________________________Trainee:______________________________
Date:________________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Felony
Scenario
The vehicle is stopped matches the description of a vehicle involved in an armed robbery of a pawn shop where cash and guns were stolen.
Expectations of Instructors
Each instructor will have a weapon concealed on their person. They The instructors will cooperate with the commands of the officer/s
Expectations of Students
• Did the officer stay behind the patrol car
• Did the officer(s) conduct a proper felony stop
• Did the officer(s) properly search and secure the occupants and vehicle
• Did the officer find and properly secure the weapons when found.
• Did the officer give clear verbal instructions and or, commands
• Did the officer update the dispatcher on the status of the stop, ie; suspects secured, back-up on scene
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Officer/Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:_______________________Trainee:______________________________
Date:________________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Felony
Scenario
Violator just led units on a high speed pursuit. The suspect is wanted for aggravated felonious assault on a police officer. There are multiple passengers in the vehicle. The driver will exit the
vehicle and flee on foot.
Expectations of Instructors
Instructor (driver) will exit the vehicle with a weapon in hand and will flee on foot. If possible will try to circle back around on the officer. Passenger (Instructor) will be compliant.
Expectations of Students
• Did the officer stay behind the patrol car
• Did the officer relay info on the driver running from the seen
• Did the officer(s) conduct a proper felony stop
• Did the officer(s) properly search and secure the occupants and vehicle
• Did the officer find and properly secure the weapons when found.
• Did the officer give clear verbal instructions and or, commands
• Did the officer update the dispatcher on the status of the stop, ie; suspects secured, back-up on scene
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Officer/Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:_______________________Trainee:______________________________
Date:________________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Felony
Scenario
Violator just led units on a high speed pursuit. The suspect is wanted for aggravated felonious assault on a police officer. There are an unknown amount of passengers in the vehicle. The
driver will exit the vehicle and start firing rounds on the officer(s). Will fall to the ground near the rear tire of the vehicle.
Expectations of Instructors
Instructor (driver) will exit the vehicle with a weapon in hand and will flee on foot. If possible will try to circle back around on the officer. If you put a passenger (Instructor) in the vehicle,
they will be compliant.
Expectations of Students
• Did the officer stay behind the patrol car
• Did the officer relay info on the driver running from the seen
• Did the officer(s) conduct a proper felony stop
• Did the officer(s) properly search and secure the occupants and vehicle
• Did the officer find and properly secure the weapons when found.
• Did the officer give clear verbal instructions and or, commands
• Did the officer update the dispatcher on the status of the stop, ie; suspects secured, back-up on scene
Notes: _____________________________________________________________
STOPS AND APPROACHES
Officer/Violator Contact Scenarios
Instructor / FTO:______________________Trainee:______________________________
Date:________________________________ Day/Night (circle one)
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory (circle one)
Degree of Traffic Stop
Disturbed Person
Scenario
Officer(s) is dispatched to the local Walmart on a suspicious female suspect who is threating customers. She is had threatened to kill someone if they don’t give her money. She is wearing
yoga pants, a sports bra, with a flannel shirt tied around her waist.
Expectations of Instructors
Instructor denies the claims made against her and tries convince the officers that she did nothing wrong. She will have a weapon (gun/knife) tucked into her waist band behind the
flannel shirt.
Expectations of Students
• Did the trainee pat the suspect down for weapons even though due to the tight clothing it appeared she did not have one concealed on her person.
• Did the trainee react appropriately to the lethal force encounter o Constantly re-evaluating the situation
• Once the aggressor is neutralized, the student should seek cover and not run towards the violator.
• The student should perform a tactical re-load if they fired any rounds.
• The student should radio for back-up only when they have a safe location and time to do so.
• The student should perform First Aid, only when safe to do so.