stories of land-use and lifeways, poster
TRANSCRIPT
modern day1,000 years ago2,000 years ago3,000 years ago4,000 years ago5,000 years ago6,000 years ago7,000 years ago8,000 years ago9,000 years ago10,000 years ago11,000 years ago12,000 years ago
Numerous Paleoindian kill sites (places where animals are killed and butchered) and campsites have been found in southeastern New Mexico. Most are along the Llano Estacado and the Guadalupe Mountains. The Clovis (Blackwater Draw Locality 1) and Milnesand sites north, west, and south of Portales near the Llano Estacado; Burnet Cave west of Carlsbad and the Lusk Ranch site northeast of Carlsbad; and Hermit’s Cave in the Guadalupe Mountains are but a few of the better-known examples of Paleoindian sites.
A.D. 2000A.D. 100001000 B.C.2000 B.C.3000 B.C.4000 B.C.5000 B.C.6000 B.C.7000 B.C.8000 B.C.9000 B.C.10000 B.C.
PALEOINDIAN – 8,000-12,000 years agoBig Game Hunters Nomadic Hunters and Gatherers Farmers
Settlers
ARCHAIC – 1,700-8,000 years ago CERAMIC 500-1,700 years ago PROTOHISTORIC
PAST FUTURE
HISTORIC 300-50 years ago
Archaic-age sites have been found in many of the same places that Paleoindian sites have been found. For example, Archaic-age deposits representing kill sites and camps have been found near water sources on the plains (Blackwater Draw, Rattlesnake Draw), along the Pecos River (sites in the vicinity of Brantley and Avalon reservoirs), near the Waste Isolation Pilot Project (WIPP) site near Carlsbad, and from dry cave sites in the Guadalupe Mountains.
Notable Eastern Jornada Mogollon sites and clusters of sites in southeastern New Mexico include the Bloom Mound and Henderson sites on the Rio Hondo west of Roswell, the Mescalero Sands District sites east of Roswell, the Red Tank site east of Roswell, various components of the Monument Springs site south of Hobbs, and the upper level of Hermit’s Cave west of Carlsbad.
The Garnsey site southeast of Roswell, a location where bison were killed on many different occasions between around A.D.1450 and A.D.1600, is one of the notable protohistoric sites in the region.
300-500 years ago Nomadic Hunters and Gatherers
4,000 years 6,300 years 1,200 years 200years
250years
Produced by the SRI Foundation under a contract with Statistical Research Inc. and the Bureau of Reclamation, Upper Colorado Region, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Base Map ©1992 Raven Maps and Images, www.ravenmaps.com;historical period photos and photos of the pots, atlatl, and dart, courtesy of the Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, University of New Mexico; territory ranges of the Kiowa and Apache from Native American Territorial Ranges in theCentral Region of Texas, courtesy of the Fort Worth District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; stone projectile points produced by Bruce Huckell; metal point by Ian Thompson. Thanks to all who assisted with this project.
Elevations
Atlatl dart point
Atlatl dart shaft
Modern bison(Bison bison)
Group of teepeeson hillside near
Mescaleroagency in the
early days.
Oklahoma City
• Apache
Lawton
Atlatl throwing stick
Archaeological Sites
Milnesand Site
Anderson Basin
Hermit's Cave
Monument Springs Site
Garnsey Spring Site
Rattlesnake Draw
Blackwater Draw
Mescalero Sands Arch. District
Bloom Mound
Lusk Ranch Site
Red Tank
Burnet Cave
Henderson Site
Rio
Gra
nde
Pecos
Riv
er
Carlsbad
Mescalero
Ft. Stanton
Hobbs
TEXAS
TE
XA
S
NE
W M
EX
ICO
Roswell
Guadalupe
Mountains
TEXASOKLAHOMANEW MEXICO
COLORADO
KANSAS
ARKANSAS
MISSOURI
NEBRASKA
SOUTH DAKOTAMINNESOTA
IOWA
LOUISIANA
WYOMING
Little Rock
Wichita
Oklahoma City
Houston
Fredericksburg
San Antonio
Austin
Amarillo
Springfield
Kansas City
El Paso
Pueblo
Albuquerque
Lincoln
Des Moines
Shreveport
Tulsa
New Orleans
Present Home Lawton, Oklahoma
Comanche
MEXICO
The Comanche
Comanche Traditional Use Areas
TEXASOKLAHOMANEW MEXICO
COLORADO
KANSAS
ARKANSAS
MISSOURI
NEBRASKA
SOUTH DAKOTAMINNESOTA
IOWA
LOUISIANA
WYOMING
Little Rock
Wichita
Oklahoma City
Fort Sill
Houston
Fredericksburg
San Antonio
Austin
Amarillo
Springfield
Kansas City
El Paso
Pueblo
Albuquerque
Lincoln
Des Moines
Shreveport
Tulsa
New Orleans
Present Home Apache, OK
Present Home Mescalero, NM
Mescalero Apache
Fort Sill Apache
MEXICOApache Traditional Use Areas
The ApacheTribe
Is there an overlap of traditional use areas?
photographer Clarence JefferisChupadero
Black on WhiteThree Rivers Red on Terracotta
El Paso Polychrome Mesquite
Yucca
Agave
Clovis 11,600-11,000
years ago
Folsom 10,900-10,200
years ago
Plainview 10,500-10,000
years ago
Eden 9,600-8,600
years ago
Jay 8,000-6,800
years ago
San Jose 5,500-3,500
years ago
Augustin 4,400-3,400
years ago
Pedernales 4,500-3,000
years ago
Palmillas 4,500-3,000
years ago
San Pedro 3,000-1,500
years ago
Perdiz 1,200-200 years ago
Fresno 1,200-200 years ago
Harrell 750-400 years ago
Metal 300 years
ago-present
Southern PlainsBrush House
0 200 400 600 800 1000 150 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 8000 9000 10000Feet
0 61 122 183 244 305 457 610 762 914 1067 1219 1372 1524 1676 1829 1981 2134 2438 2743 3048Meters
• Carnegie