stories rule the world - domo · visuals keys to data data storytelling 3 narrative @analyticshero....
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STORIES RULE THE WORLD: HOW TO TELL A BETTER STORY WITH DATA
Brent Dykes | Director, Data Strategy
WHY? HOW?
DATA STORYTELLING
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2. Inform?
3. Tell a story?
DECISION MAKER
1. Run for cover?
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Hal VarianChief Economist
at Google
“The ability to take data—to be able to understand it, to process it, to extract value from it, to visualiseit, to communicate it—that’s going to be a hugely important skill in the next decades."
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As human beings, we love stories.
Philip PullmanAuthor
“After nourishment, shelter, and companionship, stories are the thing we need the most in the world.”
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As analytics experts, we love data.
Stephen FewData Viz Expert
“Numbers have an important story to tell. They rely on you to give them a clear and convincing voice.”
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Head-to-head: Stories beat statistics
Robert McKeeProfessor
"Storytelling is the most powerful way to put ideas into the world today."
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TWO WAYS STORIES BEAT STATISTICS
5%statistics stories
VS 63% $1.14statistics story
VS $2.38
More Memorable More Persuasive1 2
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THE PSYCHOLOGY OF STORYTELLING
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WHAT INFLUENCES DECISIONS?
LOGIC EMOTION
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Antonio DamasioNeuroscientist
“Feelings are not just the shady side of reason . . . they help us to reach decisions as well.”
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WHY MERGE DATA WITH STORIES?
Data Story
EMOTIONLOGIC@analyticshero
We hear statistics,but we feel stories
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AUDIENCES ARE MORE RECEPTIVE TO STORIES
DATA
Shields Up“When we read dry, factual arguments, we read with our dukes up. We are critical and skeptical…”
“…But when we are absorbed in a story we drop our intellectual guard. We are moved emotionally and this seems to leave us defenseless.”
Shields DownDATA
STORYJonathan Gottschall
Author, The Storytelling Animal
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VISUALS
DATAKEYS TO DATA STORYTELLING
NARRATIVE
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EXPLAIN: Narrative + Data
VISUALS
DATA
NARRATIVE
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ENLIGHTEN:Data + Visuals
VISUALS
DATA
NARRATIVE
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ENGAGE:Narrative + Visuals
En
ga
ge
VISUALS
DATA
NARRATIVE
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Influencechange withdata stories
En
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CHANGE
VISUALS
DATA
NARRATIVE
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DATA: FOUNDATION OF YOUR DATA STORY
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CHANGE
VISUALS
DATA
NARRATIVE
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THE TWO SIDES OF INDIANA JONES
Field Archaeologist Professor@analyticshero
EXPLORATORY EXPLANATORY
Flexibility & speed are critical.
I am the audience.
I know the data.
I don’t know what the story is.
Clarity is critical.
I am NOT the audience.
They don’t know the data.
I have a story to tell.
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DATA STORIES VS. DATA FORGERIES
Data Insight
Explore
Audience
Explain
43%
Explore
InsightData Audience
DATASTORY
DATACUT
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DATA STORIES VS. DATA FORGERIES
Data Insight
Explore Explain
43%
Audience
StorySupport
98%↑
Data Audience
DATASTORY
DATACAMEO
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Select
DATA STORIES VS. DATA FORGERIES
Data Insight
Explore Explain
43%
Audience
Data AudienceVisualise
ABCDEFG
DATASTORY
DATADECORATION
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No cleartakeaways
En
ga
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CHANGE
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VISUALS
DATA
NARRATIVE
NARRATIVE: STRUCTURE OF YOUR DATA STORY
MATCH THE NARRATIVE TO THE AUDIENCE
Who is the right audience for my data story?
How do I adjust my data story to my audience?
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How well do you know your audience?
Goals & priorities?
Beliefs & preferences?
Specific expectations?
Topic familiarity?
Data savvy?
Seniority level?
Audience mix?
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Edward TufteData Viz Expert
“If the statistics are boring, you’ve got the wrong numbers.”
…or the wrong audience!
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Audience’s insights into the business are expanded
Data Storytelling Arc
Solution& Next StepsShare recommendations and discuss next steps
Rising InsightsShare findings that reveal deeper insights into the problem or opportunity
Aha MomentPresent major finding or key insight
Set-upBackground on current situation, character(s), and the hook
Gustav Freytag(1816-1895)
TURNING YOUR FINDINGS INTO A STORY
Beginning Middle End
DATA STORYTELLING ARC IN ACTION
Set-up & Hook
What is status quo? What unexpectedly changed?
Rising Insight #1
What influenced or contributed to the change?
Rising Insight #2
What other supporting evidence is needed or helpful?
38%
AhaMoment
What is the impact if nothing changes?
A
B
C
Solution & Next Steps
What are the options? What is the best course of action?
En
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CHANGE
VISUALS
DATA
NARRATIVE
VISUALS: SCENES OF YOUR DATA STORY
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WHAT PATTERNS DO YOU SEE?
I II III IV
x y x y x y x y
10 8.04 10 9.14 10 7.46 8 6.58
8 6.95 8 8.14 8 6.77 8 5.76
13 7.58 13 8.74 13 12.74 8 7.71
9 8.81 9 8.77 9 7.11 8 8.84
11 8.33 11 9.26 11 7.81 8 8.47
14 9.96 14 8.1 14 8.84 8 7.04
6 7.24 6 6.13 6 6.08 8 5.25
4 4.26 4 3.1 4 5.39 19 12.5
12 10.84 12 9.13 12 8.15 8 5.56
7 4.82 7 7.26 7 6.42 8 7.91
5 5.68 5 4.74 5 5.73 8 6.89
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ANSCOMBE’S QUARTET IN ACTION
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
y1
x1
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
y2
x2
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
y3
x3
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
y4
x4
I II III IV
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Data storytelling is mostly about comparisons.
Product A Product B
Time Period X Time Period Y
Segment 1 Segment 2
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5 STEPS FOR BETTER VISUAL STORYTELLING
Identify the right data1
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ALIGN YOUR DATA TO YOUR MESSAGE
Revenue Visits
Mistake: Use convenient but less effective data to convey a key point.
Tip: Carefully choose the data that best illustrates and supports your point.
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Revenue Visits
Revenue per visit (RPV)
Calculated metricRPV (YoY)
Revenue per visit (RPV)
Context
Identify the right data1
Choose the right visualisations2
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5 STEPS FOR BETTER VISUAL STORYTELLING
GRAPHICAL METHODS VARY IN EFFECTIVENESS
More accurate comparisons
More genericcomparisons
2D position along common but unaligned scales
Length Angle Volume Shading
Direction Area Curvature Color Hue
2D position along common, aligned scale
Graphical Perception: Theory, Experimentation, and Application to the Development of Graphical Methods (Cleveland & McGill, 1984) via The Functional Art (Alberto Cairo, 2013)
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ALL CHARTS ARE NOT CREATED EQUAL
Mistake: Pie charts are generally less effective for comparisons.
Tip: Bar charts don’t necessarily need value labels to convey differences.
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5%
32%
29%
25%
9%
YouTube
Google+
YouTube
LinkedInGoogle+
5%
29%
32%
25%
9%
32%
29%
25%
9%
5%
Identify the right data1
Choose the right visualisations2
Calibrate visuals to your message3
@analyticshero
5 STEPS FOR BETTER VISUAL STORYTELLING
Mistake: Don’t force your audience to make awkward comparisons.
Tip: Ensure your visuals easily support the comparisons they’re expected to make.
NewCustomers
ReturnCustomers
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ANTICIPATE YOUR AUDIENCE’S COMPARISON NEEDS
New Customers
Return Customers
PremiumCustomers
Product AProduct BProduct CProduct DProduct E
Orders
Product A
Product C
Product B
Product D
Product E
New CustomersReturn CustomersPremium Customers
Orders
Not so easy to compare
Much easier to compare
Identify the right data1
Choose the right visualisations2
Calibrate visuals to your message3
Remove unnecessary noise4
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5 STEPS FOR BETTER VISUAL STORYTELLING
STRENGTHEN SIGNAL BY REMOVING NOISE
Signal
Noise@analyticshero
DON’T OVERWHELM YOUR AUDIENCE NEEDLESSLY
Mistake: Don’t include unnecessary detail such as multiple values in a line chart.
Tip: Try to limit the number of lines to no more than four.
Page Views
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February 2017
Page Views
February 2017
SAVE AS
Click on legend label
Mistake: Donut and pie charts with a high number of slices generate noise.
Tip: Avoid using more than five slices and aggregate lower values when possible.
USA
UK
Germany
Japan
Canada
France
Spain
Mexico
Brazil
China
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DON’T OVERWHELM YOUR AUDIENCE NEEDLESSLY
Aggregate
19,631unitssold
30%
13%
9%9%8%
7%
6%
6%6%
6%USA
UK
GermanyJapan
Other30%
13%
9%9%
39% 19,631unitssold
Mistake: Donut and pie charts with a high number of slices generate noise.
Tip: Avoid using more than five slices and aggregate lower values when possible.
USA
UK
Germany
Japan
Canada
France
Spain
Mexico
Brazil
China
@analyticshero
DON’T OVERWHELM YOUR AUDIENCE NEEDLESSLY
Aggregate
19,631unitssold
30%
13%
9%9%8%
7%
6%
6%6%
6%USA
UK
GermanyJapan
Other30%
13%
9%9%
39% 19,631unitssold
Identify the right data1
Choose the right visualisations2
Calibrate visuals to your message3
Remove unnecessary noise4
Focus attention on what’s important5
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5 STEPS FOR BETTER VISUAL STORYTELLING
HIGHLIGHT WHAT MATTERS WITH COLOR
Mistake: Choose not to use colors strategically.
Tip: Use color to draw attention to your focus area while still providing context.
Page Views
February 2015
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Page Views
February 2017
Page Views
February 2017
Hover +screen capture
USE CONTENT STAGING TO REVEAL INSIGHTS
Mistake: Provide too much content at one time within a single chart or multiple charts.
Tip: Use animations to break up the content into manageable portions.
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Feb 19-21: A new spring promotion led to a high level of unqualified leads. It was stopped after 2 days.
Feb 19-21: A new spring promotion led to a high level of unqualified leads. It was stopped after 2 days.
Form Start Rate
Form Complete Rate
Sales Lead Rate
Form Start Rate
Form Complete Rate
Sales Lead Rate
Ignaz Semmelweis“Savior of Mothers”
1818-1865
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846
First Clinic(Doctors)
Second Clinic (Midwives)
Childbed Fever Mortality Rates
9.9%Average
3.9%Average
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SEMMELWEIS’S IMPACT ON MORTALITY RATES
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M
1846 1847 1848 1849
Childbed Fever Mortality Rates in Clinic #1
Handwashing policy introduced mid-May
Strict controls enforced on negligent students
Semmelweis dismissed
12.2%
3.5%4.9%
82%↓
2.2%0% 0%
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WHY WASN’T HE SUCCESSFUL?
Ignaz Semmelweis“Savior of Mothers”
1818-1865
Accurate
Valuable
Actionable
Adopted
DATA
NARRATIVE VISUALSEn
ga
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CHANGE
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DATA
NARRATIVE VISUALSEn
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CHANGE
“Those who tell the stories rule the world.”
Hopi Indian Proverb
QUESTIONS?