strategies to link smallholder farmers to markets in zimbabwe
TRANSCRIPT
Supervisor: Domenico Dentoni
Strategies to link smallholder pig farmers to formal markets for
enhanced livelihoods in Goromonzi district, Zimbabwe
By:Makanyara Kayonza
MST-80436; 36 ECTS
Summary of contents
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Major Findings
Conclusion and Recommendations
Introduction
Smallholder pig production comprise about 80% total pig population in Zimbabwe (Mutambara, 2013)
Employment and income to 60-70% of the population (DBSA, 2012)
Small to medium scale producers is the dominant sector in agricultural industry.
Livestock agriculture is central to rural economy 90% rural communities rely on smallholder animal production (Mudavanhu and Mandizvidza, 2013)
Cont…Pig production•Significant fluctuation of pig production over the last decade.
•Commercial sow herd peaked from 15500 commercial sow herd in 2005 to 20000 in 2007; and then dropped to 8000 in 2008 to (Mutambara, 2013)
Farmers lack access to agricultural inputs, credit facilities,
Lack of access to markets and market information
Poor infrastructural facilities
Removal of government-sponsored support
Smallholder farming is practiced under subsistence level (Markelova et
al 2009)
Research Objective
The objective is to identify strategies that link smallholder
pig farmers into formal markets for enhanced livelihoods,
using Goromonzi district in Zimbabwe as a case study.
Research Questions
Who are the key players and service providers involved in the Goromonzi pig value chain and what role do they play in the chain?What are the constraints being faced by the immediate chain players and how these constraints are affecting the effective participation of smallholder farmers into markets?
Which strategies has each chain player implemented to improve the participation of smallholder pig farmers into formal markets?
4.What are the strategies for linking smallholder pig farmers into formal markets for enhanced livelihoods?
Material and Method
Description of the study area
• Goromonzi District• Located 32km southeast of
Harare• Lies in agro-ecological
region ll(b) & Annual average rainfall of 750-1050mm
• Livestock production• Beef, dairy, pig and
poultry
Crop production
Research Framework
Empirical ReviewLiterature Review Results Conclusions
1. Literature on smallholder pig production. 2. Literature on current situation on pig production in Sub-Saharan Africa
1. Literature on pig value chain analysis market access and constraints of smallholder farmers
Key informant interviews
Household questionnaires
Focus group discussions (exploring strategies) and personal observation
Data analysis and data processing
Conclusions & Recommendations
Cont...
Data collection method
Selection of Farmers
Randomly selected
Farmers were classified as follows:Small-scale A1 semi subsistence farmers Small-scale A2 commercial farmers
Data analysis
Data were analysed using Stakeholder matrix Value chain mapping Content analysis
Major Findings Who are the key players and service providers involved in the Goromonzi
pig value chain and what role do they play in the chain? there are mainly three main pig value chains in Goromonzi district.
Market channel 1(Formal chain)
Cont’....
Marketing channel 2 (Semi formal)
Cont…
Marketing channel 3 (informal)
Service providersService
providersFinal
ConsumerFinal
Consumer
Producer/
farmer
Producer/
farmer
Cont’….
What are the constraints being faced by the immediate chain players and how these constraints are affecting the effective participation of smallholder farmers in markets?
• Smallholder farmers
– Stockfeeds (scarcity & high costs)
– Market challenges
– Poor infrastructure
– High disease prevalence
– Lack of technical knowhow
• Other key chain players
– Poor credit lines
– Low quality animals
– Inadequate resources
What strategies has each chain player implemented to improve the participation of smallholder pig farmers into formal markets?
• Smallholder farmers
– Maize production to complement stockfeeds scarcity & high costs (Sukume & Guveya, 2009)
– Diversification with beef, poultry and tobacco production
– Own butcheries
– Entered into contract farming elsewhere
• Other key chain players
– Joint ventures/mergers and acquisitions
– Diversification
– Parastatals-government
Mitigation strategies
Cont’.....
4.What are the strategies for linking smallholder pig farmers into formal markets for enhanced livelihoods?
• Develop producer organisations/cooperatives
– Market access, bulk buying and selling, shared information (Bijman 2007).
• Farmer Organisations
– benefits that these unions offer such as collective action, facilitation in required services, production and marketing information of pigs.
• Market relations
– create strong relations with other actors and stakeholders in the value chains
Strategies
• Abattoirs
– Incapacitated current abattoirs and long distances
• Credit facilities
– . Financial institutions are also failing to avail credits to farmers• Training Facilities
– Reduce costs on production and marketing• Contract farming arrangements
Conclusion
There were three pig value chains in Goromonzi district and each chain has its own pros and cons.
Constraints for smallholder pig producers Constraints for other key chain players and service providers have a
negative effect on the participation of smallholder pig farmers into formal markets
Mitigation strategies that players have adopted include mixed farming, diversification into poultry, beef and tobacco production.
Strategies for smallholder pig farmers
Recommendations
Future research should focus on understanding the whole pig value chains in Zimbabwe and how to integrate the new players at each stage of the chain especially the newly resettled farmers
Promote vertical coordination through dialogues between actors and traders at different chain level.
Future researches should also focus on how the structural adjustment and the fast track land reform programme affected the pig value chain in Zimbabwe.
Thank You: Questions?