Structural Formulas

AGENDA:• Review• Check homework• Notes on Structural Formulas• Homework: Drawing Formluas

Repetition • Ionic• Electrons are…• Types of elements…• Naming• Covalent• Electrons are…• Type of elements• Naming

Iron (II) oxide

FeO

Carbon monoxide

CO

Sodium nitrate

NaNO3

Carbon dioxide

CO2

Na+

Sodium ion

Carbon tetrachloride

CCl4

Mg3(PO4)2

Magnesium phosphate

SiF4

Silicon tetrafluoride

Magnesium chlorate

Mg(ClO3)2

SO2

Sulfur dioxide

Cl-

Chloride

SO3

Sulfur trioxide

ClO3-

chlorate

Boron trichloride

BCl3

Sodium chloride

NaCl

Germanium tetrafluoride

GeF4

CaCO3

Calcium carbonate

Aluminum sulfide

Al2S3

NI3

Nitrogen triiodide

(NH4)2CrO4

Ammonium chromate

Iron (II) ion

Fe+2

carbonate

CO3-2

H2O

Dihydrogen monoxidewater

CoBr2

Cobalt (II) bromide

Na2CO3

Sodium carbonate

Oxide

O-2

H2S

Dihydrogen monosulfide

Li3PO3

Lithium phosphite

Barium hydroxide

Ba(OH)2

Na2SiO2

Sodium silicate

Homework Check

Mixed naming1. Sodium bromide2. Dinitrogen

tetrafluoride3. Lithium hydroxide4. Mercury (I) hydroxide5. Sulfur difluoride6. Iron (II) chloride7. Barium acetate8. Selenium trioxide9. Ammonium nitrate10.Copper (I) oxide11.Aluminum sulfate

12.Ammonium chloride13.Nitrogen trifluoride14.Barium phosphate15.Sodium sulfate16.Lead (II) hydroxide17.Nitrogen monoxide18.Sodium bicarbonate19.Sulfur trioxide20.Cadmium nitrite21.Selenium dioxide

22.CBr4

23.LiNO2

24.NH4HSO4

25.ClF3

26.Hg2SO4

27.Fe2O3

28.Mg3(PO3)2

29.Ni(HCO3)2

30.H2O

31.(NH4)2CO3

32.MgBr2

33.GaPO4

34.KC2H3O2

35.Cu(NO2)2

36.Ca(ClO3)2

37.SnO2

38.NaClO4

39.K2CO3

40.Fe(OH)2

41.Pb(ClO)4

42.SiO2

Binary Molecular1. Carbon monoxide2. Carbon dioxide3. Iodine heptafluoride4. Dinitrogen tetroxide5. Boron trifluoride6. Dinitrogen pentoxide7. Nitrogen monoxide8. Tetraphosphorus decoxide9. Tetraphosphorus trisulfide10.Phosphorus trichloride11.Phosphorus pentachloride12.Disulfur decafluoride13.Disulfur heptoxide

14.P2O3

15.CCl416.P4O6

17.N2F4

18.S2Cl10

19.PCl520.NO2

21.N2O3

22.SF6

23.CBr4

24.H2S25.SBr6

Naming Molecular Compounds1. Carbon dioxide2. Carbon monoxide3. Sulfur dioxide4. Sulfur trioxide5. Dinitrogen monoxide6. Nitrogen monoxide7. Dinitrogen trioxide8. Nitrogen dioxide9. Dinitrogen tetroxide10.Dinitrogen pentoxide

11.Phosphorus trichloride12.Phosphorus pentachloride13.Nitrogen trihydride14.Sulfur hexachloride15.Diphosphorus pentoxide16.Carbon tetrachloride17.Silicon dioxide18.Carbon disulfide19.Oxygen difluoride20.Phosphorus tribromide

Structural Formulas

Date:

Geometry of Molecular Bonds

• Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion model (VSEPR) –Electrons repel

• Draw the bonds as far way from each other as possible.

• Set structures appear

Build a model

• 1 black ball• 4 white balls• 4 short sticks

tetrahedral

Build a model

• Remove the “top” stick and ball

Trigonal pyramidal

Build a model

• Remove another stick and ball

Bent

Build a model

• 1 black ball• 2 white balls• 2 short sticks• 2 long sticks• 1 red ball

Trigonal planar

120o

Build a model

• 2 red balls• 2 long sticks

linear

Family Oxidation # # bonds

Alkali +1 1

Alkaline earth +2 2

Boron family +3 3

Carbon family +4 4

Nitrogen family -3 3 (or 4)

Chalogens -2 2

Halogens -1 1

Noble Gases 0 0

Draw F2, Cl2, Br2, I2, H2, O2, N2

Diatomics

• 2 atoms bonded to each other• There are 7 diatomics, which make a

shape of a 7 on column 7.

Bonds• Single bond

– Like putting desks together

• Double bond– Putting desks together AND– Fist pounds on either side

• Triple bond– Putting desks together AND– Fist pounds on either side

AND– Putting heads and knees

together

• Single bonds – long and weak

• Double bonds– Stronger than single– Shorter than single

• Triple bonds– Strongest bond– Shortest bond

Draw NH3, CH4, CH3OH

SCl2, CF4, COCl2, NF3

GeCl4, AsCl3, CO, CO2

SeCl2, NCl3,H2Se

AsF3, SF2, PBr3