structural shotcrete specifications - saimm structural shtocrete... · review of structural...
TRANSCRIPT
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Structural Shotcrete Specifications
By, Dudley R. (Rusty) Morgan
AMEC Earth & Environmental, a division of AMEC Americas Limited
and
Larry TottenJohnson Western Gunite Company
San Leando, California, USA
SHOTCRETE FOR AFRICA CONFERENCEMisty Hills Conference Centre
South Africa2-3 March, 2009
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Subject of Presentation
Review of structural shotcrete specificationsShotcrete construction of:
– In-ground parking structure, Calgary Alberta– Seismic retrofit of heritage masonry structure, Vancouver, British
Columbia– Walls and pilasters in 50 storey hotel, Vancouver, BC– Whistler 2010 Olympics Bobsleigh/Luge Track
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In-Ground Parking Structure, Calgary, Alberta20 m deep soldier pile/timber lagging stressed channels tie-back evacuationCloth/bentonite waterproofing membrane systemReinforced shotcrete perimeter walls
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Calgary Parking Structure
Preconstruction mock-up of typical structural steel wall
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Calgary Parking Structure
Shooting preconstruction mock-up
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Calgary Parking Structure
Finishing pre-construction mock-up
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Calgary Parking Structure
Core extracted from pre-construction mock-up for core grading to prequalify shotcrete nozzlman
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Calgary Parking Structure
Hoarding installed for cold weather shotcretingShotcreting continued at ambient temperatures as low as -30oC
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Calgary Parking Structure
Structural reinforcing steel erected ready for shootingNote hoarding enclosure for cold-weather shotcreting
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Calgary Parking Structure
Start-up of shooting of structural walls using bench-gunning technique
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Calgary Parking Structure
Bench-gunning second liftNote blowpipe
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Calgary Parking Structure
Upper lift finished to line and grade Flash-shooting lower lift to shooting wires, ready for cutting, screeding and finishing
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Calgary Parking Structure
Trimming shotcrete with cutting rod to shooting wires
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Calgary Parking Structure
Finished structural shotcrete wall Finisher is cleaning top of wall and rebar to accept cast concrete suspended slab that will rest on structural shotcrete wall
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Calgary Parking Structure
Four levels of structural shotcrete walls completed
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Calgary Parking Structure
Close-up view of four levels of structural shotcrete walls Column conventional cast-in-place formed concrete (too heavily reinforced for shotcrete construction)
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Calgary Parking Structure
View of back-side of reinforced shotcrete wall with single-sided form removedNote complete lack of any shadows, voids or other defects
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Calgary Parking Structure
Core extracted from shotcrete wall for compressive strength testingNote dense quality of shotcrete free of voids or defects
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Calgary Parking Structure
Structural shotcrete walls approximately 50% completed
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
Façade of South Building
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
Façade of North Building
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
Pre-construction shooting of mock-up of column/wall connection, to prequalify shotcrete nozzleman for project
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
Completion of shooting of pre-construction mock-up of column/wall connection
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
View of back stripped face of mock-up column/wall connectionNote complete lack of any voids, shadows or other defects
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
View of locations of cores to be extracted for core grading in pre-construction mock-up of wall/column connection
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
View of 5 cores extracted at locations of reinforcing steel from wall/column connection mock-upAll cores were better than Grade 2
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
Interior of North building, gutted and bracedReinforcing steel installed in exterior walls, pilasters and columns, ready for shotcreting
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
L-bar anchors grouted into exterior stone masonry walls
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
Double mat of rebar installed on exterior masonry wall, ready for shotcreting
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
Nozzlman bench gun shooting 450 mm thick structural shotcrete wall Basement shotcrete left in natural shotcrete finish (since basement backfilled)
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
Bench gun shooting 1m deep pilaster through 4 layers of rebar Note nozzle inserted through first mat of rebar
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Seismic Retrofit of Heritage Masonry StructureVancouver, BC
View of above-grade perimeter wall being finished to line and gradeNote shooting wire
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Heavily Reinforced Structural Shotcrete Walls and Pilaster for New 50 Storey Hotel, Vancouver, BC
Preconstruction mock-p of pilaster and wall
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Heavily Reinforced Pilaster Mock-up with Two Sided Form
Note shooting wire
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Shooting Wall Mock-up with Wet-Mix Shotcrete
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Shooting Pilaster Mock-up
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Shooting Pilaster Mock-up
Note use of blow-pipe to control rebound
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Use of Pencil Vibrator to Help Consolidate Shotcrete in Wall Mock-up
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Trimming Shotcrete to Line and Grade with Cutting Rod
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Finishing Shotcrete with Rotary Disc
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Final Finishing of Shotcrete
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Diamond Saw Cutting Wall and Pilaster Mock-ups
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Saw Cut Wall Section
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Close-up of Saw-cut Wall Section
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Saw-Cut Pilaster Section
Note dense shotcrete
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Close-up of Saw-Cut Pilaster Section
Note excellent shotcrete consolidation around dense reinforcing steel
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Cores Extracted from Pilaster
Note excellent consolidation of shotcrete
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Cores Extracted from Wall Section
Note excellent consolidation of shotcrete around dense reinforcing steel
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Whistler 2010 Olympics - Bobsleigh/Luge Track
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Installation of Rebar and Cooling Pipes in Track
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Stay-Form Expanded Metal Lath
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Correct and Incorrect Method of Encasing Reinforcing Bars with Shotcrete
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Typical Reinforcing and Cooling Pipe Detail
Note use of expanded metal lath in first sections of track
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Note Use of Diagonal Spacer Bar
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Note Congestion at Cooling Pipe Header
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Track Ready for Shooting
Note use of temporary plastic screed bars
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Shotcreted and Finished Section of Track
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Void and Coarse Aggregate Trapped Behind Expanded Metal Lath
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Stay-Form Removed and High Pressure Water Blasted
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Void at Congested Area of Cooling Pipe Baffle and Diagonal Spacer Bar, After Hydro-blasting
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Void at Cooling Pipe Spacer Bar After Hydro-blasting
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Construction of Second Mock-up Using Stay-Form
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Start of Shotcreting Shoot Cove Between Wall/Floor First
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Shoot Floor Next
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Consolidate Shotcrete in Cove/Floor with Immersion Vibrator
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Fully Consolidated Shotcrete In Cove/Wall
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Blow out Rebound/Overspray with Blow-pipe
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Shoot First Lift on Wall
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Back Face of Wall
Note lack of voids behind stay-form
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Pumping Shotcrete into Header Beams for Subsequent Consolidation with Immersion Vibrators
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Header Form Stripped off Still-Fresh Shotcrete
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Finish Coat Applied to Flush with Screed Pipes
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Screeding Shotcrete to Temporary Screed Pipes
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Finishing of Shotcrete After Screed Pipe Removal
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Broom Texture Finish (to aid ice adhesion)
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Newly Finished Shotcrete Surface being Moist Cured by Misting
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Misting with Water Pressure Sprayer
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Cut-out Section from Second Mock-up
Note good consolidation around rebar, cooling pipes and stay-form
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Close-up View of Cut-out from Second Mock-up
Note good consolidation of shotcrete
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Completed section of Track
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Whistler 2010 Winter Olympics Bobsleigh/Luge Track Finish Zone
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Whistler 2010 Winter Olympics Bobsleigh/Luge Track
Inspection of iced track prior to first run by Canadian World Champion Bobsledders Pierre Lueders and Justin Kripps
Photo Courtesy VANOC/ Photos: David McColm
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Whistler 2010 Winter Olympics Bobsleigh/Luge TrackCanadian bobsledders Pierre Lueders, pilot and Justin Krippspush off their two-man bobsled from a lower start for their first run down The Whistler Sliding Centre track
Photo Courtesy VANOC/ Photos: David McColm
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Whistler 2010 Winter Olympics Bobsleigh/Luge Track
Start of first run on track
Photo Courtesy VANOC/ Photos: David McColm
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Whistler 2010 Winter Olympics Bobsleigh/Luge Track
First run on track
Photo Courtesy VANOC/ Photos: David McColm
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Whistler 2010 Winter Olympics Bobsleigh/Luge Track
Air time at finish
Photo Courtesy VANOC/ Photos: David McColm
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Whistler 2010 Winter Olympics Bobsleigh/Luge Track
Photo Courtesy VANOC/ Photos: David McColm