Structure and Structure and Function of a FlowerFunction of a Flower

By: Vyom MaheshwariBy: Vyom Maheshwari

Class: 6-AClass: 6-A

Stock No. 10Stock No. 10

Structure of a FlowerStructure of a Flower

ReceptacleReceptacle SepalSepal CalyxCalyx PetalPetal CorollaCorolla StamenStamen PedunclePeduncle

CarpelCarpel PistilPistil StigmaStigma StyleStyle OvaryOvary OvuleOvule

Function of each partFunction of each part

Peduncle : Flower stalk.Peduncle : Flower stalk.

Receptacle :Part of flower stalk bearing the floral Receptacle :Part of flower stalk bearing the floral organs, at base of flower.organs, at base of flower.

Sepal :Leaf-like structures at flower base, protects Sepal :Leaf-like structures at flower base, protects young flower bud.young flower bud.

Calyx :All the sepals together form the calyx.Calyx :All the sepals together form the calyx. Peta :lLocated in and above the sepals, often large and Peta :lLocated in and above the sepals, often large and

colourful, sometimes scented, sometimes producing colourful, sometimes scented, sometimes producing nectar. Often serve to attract pollinators to the plantnectar. Often serve to attract pollinators to the plant

Corolla

All the petals together form the corolla.

Stamen

Male part of the flower, consisting of the anther and filament, makes pollen grains.

Corolla

All the petals together form the corolla.

Stamen

Male part of the flower, consisting of the anther and filament, makes pollen grains.

Corolla

All the petals together form the corolla.

Corolla :All the petals together form the corolla.Corolla :All the petals together form the corolla. Stamen :Male part of the flower, consisting of the Stamen :Male part of the flower, consisting of the

antheranther and and filamentfilament, makes , makes pollen grainspollen grains.. Filament :The stalk of the stamen which bears the Filament :The stalk of the stamen which bears the

anther.AntherThe pollen bearing portion of a stamen.anther.AntherThe pollen bearing portion of a stamen. Pollen :Grains containing the male gametes. Pollen :Grains containing the male gametes.

Immature male gametophyte with a protective outer Immature male gametophyte with a protective outer covering.covering.

Carpel :PistilFemale part of the flower. Consisting of Carpel :PistilFemale part of the flower. Consisting of the stigma, style and ovary.the stigma, style and ovary.

Stigma :Often sticky top of carpel, serves as a Stigma :Often sticky top of carpel, serves as a receptive surface for pollen grains. receptive surface for pollen grains.

Style :The stalk of a carpel, between the stigma and Style :The stalk of a carpel, between the stigma and the ovary, through which the pollen tube grows.the ovary, through which the pollen tube grows.

Ovary :Enlarged base of the carpel containing the Ovary :Enlarged base of the carpel containing the ovuleovule or ovules. The ovary matures to become a or ovules. The ovary matures to become a fruitfruit..

Ovule :Located in the ovaries. Carries female Ovule :Located in the ovaries. Carries female gametes. Ovules become gametes. Ovules become seedsseeds on on fertilizationfertilization..

The The sexsex of a flower can be described in three ways: of a flower can be described in three ways: Staminate flowersStaminate flowers::  Flowers bearing only male sex   Flowers bearing only male sex

parts. These are sometime referred to as "parts. These are sometime referred to as "male male flowersflowers". ".

Carpellate\Pistillate FlowersCarpellate\Pistillate Flowers:: Flowers bearing Flowers bearing only female sex parts. These are sometimes only female sex parts. These are sometimes referred to as "referred to as "female flowersfemale flowers". ".

Hermaphhrodite\Complete flowersHermaphhrodite\Complete flowers:: Flowers Flowers bearing both male and female sex parts. bearing both male and female sex parts.

Function of a Flower  Function of a Flower  Flowering plants are the dominant type of plants Flowering plants are the dominant type of plants

on the earth today (there are about 250000 on the earth today (there are about 250000 species). Flowers are therefore the most common species). Flowers are therefore the most common plant organs for plant organs for sexual reproductionsexual reproduction.  .  

Flowers produce Flowers produce gametesgametes (sex cells). (sex cells). Flowers play a key role in Flowers play a key role in pollination. pollination.

Pollination is the transfer of pollen (containing Pollination is the transfer of pollen (containing the male gametes), from the anther of a flower, to the male gametes), from the anther of a flower, to the stigma (receptive surface of the female part of the stigma (receptive surface of the female part of the flower) of the same or a different flower. the flower) of the same or a different flower. 

Flowers are sometimes associated with Flowers are sometimes associated with prominent, often brightly coloured leaves prominent, often brightly coloured leaves called called bractsbracts. In some instances (like in . In some instances (like in bougainvilleas, heliconias and  ginger bougainvilleas, heliconias and  ginger lillies), the bracts are even more colourful lillies), the bracts are even more colourful and outstanding than the flowers they and outstanding than the flowers they surround. surround.

In the heliconia In the heliconia cultivar on the left, cultivar on the left, the large yellow and the large yellow and red structures are red structures are bracts, while the bracts, while the small yellow small yellow structures within structures within them are the actual them are the actual flowers.flowers.

The yellow The yellow shrimp plant, shrimp plant, has large, has large, showy yellow showy yellow bracts, and bracts, and smaller white smaller white flowers.flowers.

Some Pictures Of FlowersSome Pictures Of Flowers