stuart s. sumida biology 342 (over) simplified phylogeny of mammalia
TRANSCRIPT
Stuart S. SumidaBiology 342
(Over) Simplified Phylogeny of Mammalia
Just kidding.
Mon
otre
mat
a
Mar
supa
lia
Eden
tata
Rode
ntia
Lago
mor
pha
Prim
ates
Chiro
pter
a
Carn
ivor
a
Artio
dact
ylia
Cetc
acea
Peris
soda
ctyl
ia
Prob
osci
dea
Mon
otre
mat
a
Mar
supa
lia
Eden
tata
Rode
ntia
Lago
mor
pha
Prim
ates
Chiro
pter
a
Carn
ivor
a
Artio
dact
ylia
Cetc
acea
Peris
soda
ctyl
ia
Prob
osci
dea
Mammalia:•Mammary glands•Hair•Dentary-squamosal jaw-joint•Dentary – single bone of lower jaw•Three middle ear ossicles•Muscles of facial expression•Muscular diaphragm
MONOTREMATA: •Most basal of living mammals. •Retain primitive anmiote feature of laying eggs.•Includes only a few relict living forms including duckbilled platypus and spiny anteater.
Mon
otre
mat
a
Mar
supa
lia
Eden
tata
Rode
ntia
Lago
mor
pha
Prim
ates
Chiro
pter
a
Carn
ivor
a
Artio
dact
ylia
Cetc
acea
Peris
soda
ctyl
ia
Prob
osci
dea
Theria:•Mammals with internal development•Placenta
METATHERIA (Marsupalia):
•The pouch mammals•Choriovittiline (chorion + yolk sac) placenta•Living forms have epipubic bones (the primitive placentals probably did as well.)•Restricted primarily to Australi currently, though one form remains in North America (Didelphis; the Virginia oppossum).
Kangaroos can be almost orthograde
Mon
otre
mat
a
Mar
supa
lia
Eden
tata
Rode
ntia
Lago
mor
pha
Prim
ates
Chiro
pter
a
Carn
ivor
a
Artio
dact
ylia
Cetc
acea
Peris
soda
ctyl
ia
Prob
osci
dea
Eutheira:“True placental mammals”With extended internal developmentChorioallantoicplacenta
Mammalian Highlights / Features of Note:
•Primates are a very early offshoot within Mammalia.•The relationships of basal mammals are not terribly clear – as noted by the polychotomy between edentates, glires (rodents + lagomorphs), primates, and bats.•Cetaceans are actually most closely related to artiodactyls (pigs actually)!•Elephants and their kin are amongst the most derived of mammals
Many, many taxa are left out here.