stuart weibel oclc, inc. october, 1997 dublin core metadata stuart weibel consulting research...
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Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Dublin Core Metadata
Stuart WeibelConsulting Research Scientist
OCLC Office of Research
purl.org/net/weibel
October 9, 1997
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
What is Metadata?
Data about data… structured descriptive information about other data Library cataloging Rights management Database schemata Content ratings … many others
Its what libraries have done for as longs as there have been libraries
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
We have MARC and AACR2… Why metadata?
A resource description community is characterized by common semantic, structural, and syntactic
conventions for exchange of resource description information
Libraries
MARC AACR2
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
The Internet Commons embraces many formal and informal Resource Description
Communities
Museums
GeospatialLibraries
InternetCommons
Commerce
Whatever...
ScientificData
HomePages
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Interoperability
Using metadata in a global distributed environment requires agreements and conventions that go beyond existing resource description communities
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
The Dublin Core Metadata Workshop Series
How to improve resource discovery on the Web? simple resource description semantics
Build an interdisciplinary consensus about a core element set for resource discovery: simple and intuitive cross-disciplinary international flexible
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Metadata Workshop Series Milestones
Chicago WWW Conference Oct, 1994 OCLC/NCSA Metadata Workshop Mar, 1995 OCLC/UKOLN Warwick Workshop April,
1996 W3C Distributed Indexing and Searching Workshop May, 1996 CNI/OCLC Image Metadata Workshop Sep, 1996 Fifteen-Element Dublin Core Dec, 1996 DC-4, Canberra, Australia Mar, 1997 Meta Access Summit at RLG July, 1997
EPA Metadata Registry Workshop July, 1997 DC-5, Helsinki, Finland Oct, 1997
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Dublin Core Metadata Workshop Series
DC-1: OCLC/NCSA Metadata Workshop Mar, 1995
13 element Dublin Core Interdisciplinary consensus
DC-2: OCLC/UKOLN Warwick Workshop April, 1996
Warwick Framework Syntax issues
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Dublin Core Workshop Series(continued)
DC-3: CNI/OCLC Image Metadata Workshop Sep, 1996 Images are in scope 15 element core
DC-4: Canberra Metadata Workshop Mar, 1997
Minimalists and Structuralists
Canberra Qualifiers (additional information useful for interpretation of metadata)
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
The Dublin CoreMetadata Element Set
Title Author/Creator Subject /Keywords Description Publisher Other Contributor Date
Resource Type Format Resource Identifier Source Language Relation Coverage Rights Management
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Tom Baker’s Theory of Pidgin Metadata
Pidgin languages result from the need for communication among groups who do not share a common language: simplification and hybridization
Creolization is the process of complexification of a pidgin language. Addition of semantic and syntactic nuance that
supports the inherent complexity of natural language expressivity
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Dublin Core and Pidgin Metadata
The current state of the Dublin Core reflects the pidginization of resource description.
Movement towards complexification is evident. The emergence of metadata creoles is a natural
consequence of adoption by diverse communities of the pidgin as a mother tongue
Tension between interoperability (comprehension) and richer specificity is inevitable
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Museums
Dublin Core
Libraries GeospatialDomain-specific Metadata
Pidgin Metadata
MetadataCreoles
Pidginization and Creolization
Grey literature
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Recent Dublin Core Publications
http://purl.org/metadata/dublin_core
Journal of Digital Libraries Weibel and Lagoze, Special JoDL Metadata Issue
Image Metadata Workshop (DC-3) Report Weibel and Miller, DLib Magazine, January 1997
http://www.dlib.org
Canberra Metadata Workshop (DC-4) Report Weibel, Iannella, and Cathro, DLib Magazine, June,
1997 http://www.dlib.org
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Embedded HTML Metadata
HTML 2.0: simple embedded metadata HTML 4.0: richer metadata with qualifiers
New META Attributes LANG (language of the content of the
descriptor) SCHEME (formal qualifier) SUB-ELEMENT (deployed via the dot syntax
extension
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
RDF:Resource Description Framework
W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) initiative RDF is the instantiation of the Warwick
Framework for the Web RDF will be the foundation for an architecture
for metadata on the WebResource description Electronic commerce
Site mapping Third party rating
Digital signatures
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Pseudo-RDF Example
<namespace href = “http://purl.org/metadata/dublin_core” as =“DC”><namespace href = “http://iso.org/spec/8601” as = “iso8601”>
Stuart Weibel’s Home PageStuart Weibel
1997-04-02
metadata, Dublin Core, URN, electronic publishing, book reviews
<ablock href=“http://purl.net/weibel”><DC:title> </DC:title><DC:creator> </DC:creator><DC:date><iso8601:date> </iso8601:date></DC:date><DC:subject>
</DC:subject></ablock>
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
RDF: Why is it important?
Political imperatives for deployment Software infrastructure will be ubiquitous (and
come for free in browsers and servers) RDF provides a model and syntactical
framework the contents of the framework will be determined
by stakeholder communities via independently developed and maintained metadata element sets e.g.: MARC, DC, TEI, GILS, IAFA, Ratings….
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Further Information
W3 Metadata Overview and RDF Working Group Home Page
www.w3.org/Metadata/RDF
Dublin Core Home Page
purl.org/metadata/dublin_core
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
DC Implementation Projects
30+ major implementation projects in 10 countries
Interdisciplinary and international recognition as the lingua franca for resource discovery metadata for electronic resources
Support in the library and museum communities for adoption of DC for non-electronic resource description
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
What do we need next?
Element refinements and stability User guides and standards of practice Progress on Internationalization Extensibility standards Tools Standardization path
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
DC-5The Helsinki Metadata Workshop
The National Library of Finland and OCLC,in collaboration with
The National Science Foundation and
the Coalition for Networked Information
75 registrants
16 countries
4 continents
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
The Process
Reports on related developments Discussion of recent activities Implementers reports Breakout groups Ad hoc working groups Small group reports Argue until done Non-stop for 20 hours a day
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
DC-5Objectives
Share implementation experiences Element refinements and stability Define Sub-elements and resource types User guides and standards of practice Extensibility standards Standardization path
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
Results
Data Model Clearer understanding of SOURCE and
RELATION DATE field definition Intended semantics for additional sub-elements Closer DC-W3C collaboration
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
RFCsfirst steps toward standardization
Simple DC semantics (the minimalist position)
Simple DC syntax HTML DC semantics with qualifiers DC syntax with qualifiers
HTML 2.0 HTML 4.0 RDF
Stuart WeibelOCLC, Inc.
October, 1997
DC-5 ResultsWorking Groups
Data Model WG Sub-elements DATE sub-element WG RELATION WG Z39.50 WG Rights Management