study guide (2,3,4)
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Study Guide (2,3,4). Page 3 Information. Active Transport. Movement from low to high concentration. Requires ENERGY . 3 Types of Active Transport: - Protein PUMPS - Endocytosis ( Phagocytosis ) - Exocytosis. Protein “Pumps”. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Study Guide (2,3,4)
Page 3 Information
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Active Transport
Movement from low to high concentration.Requires ENERGY.3 Types of Active Transport:
- Protein PUMPS- Endocytosis (Phagocytosis)- Exocytosis
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Protein “Pumps”Movement of molecules from Low concentration into High
concentrations, requiring energy.
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Endocytosis or Phagocytosis• Active transport of large particles INTO the cell, by
surrounding them with the cell membrane.
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Exocytosis
• Active transport of substances OUT of the cell using the cell membrane.
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Cell Cycle• Makes up the life of the
cell• Consists of 3 phases:– Interphase, Mitosis &
Cytokinesis• Interphase is divided into
3 parts (G1, S, G2)• Some cells, like muscle
and nerve, do not pass the G1 phase (G0)
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Two types of cell/nucleus division.Mitosis = 2 copies of identical cells, with exact amount of DNA/chromosomes. Growth & Repair of normal body cells (Somatic Cells)
Meiosis = 4 unique gametes (egg/sperm) with ½ the chromosomes as the original cell. Gamete production only!
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Cell Differentiation
• Cells have varying shapes and functions depending on activation or shut down of portions of DNA.
• Stem Cells – have not yet had any portion of DNA shut off!
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Special Events in Cell Cycle
• Cancer = Cells that have incorrectly copied DNA in S phase. Alters rate of cell division or function of cells produced.
• Apoptosis = programmed cell death.
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Enzymes = Proteins that speed up all chemical reactions in living things.
• Substrate = molecule the enzyme alters.
• Active site = region on enzyme that has matching shape of substrate.
• Denature = changing the shape of an enzyme (pH & temp)