Study on Chinese policy research and policy making ---taking 12th

Five-Year Plan (FYP) as an exampleMa Wenhui

Peking UniversityNational Reform and Development Co

mmission of PRC

OUTLINE

WHAT are Chinese policy research agencies?

WHAT are the policies related to hydropower and food in Chinese 12th Five Year Plan?

HOW is the 12th Five year plan made?

Chinese policy research agencies

In 2009, 2500 policy research agencies or think tanks 35,000 researchers

Classification

1. Non-governmental policy research agencies 2. Academically affiliated policy research agencies

( academic think tank) 3. Policy research agencies under Ministries and p

rovincial governments( governmental think tank) 4. Policy research agencies under Central Commit

tee of CPC and the State Council( supreme think tank)

1. Non-governmental policy research agencies

Non-governmental policy agencies emerged in the 1980s.

Comprehensive agencies like public policy research center of Chinese Economic Reform

Field-related agencies like Tianze Economic research agency, 21st century education research agency,etc.

Researchers are part-time and bonded by common interests.

2. academically affiliated policy research agencies( academic think

tank) Chinese Academy of Social Science

(central, provincial and municipal) University-affiliated research agencies

2263 universities and colleges

479 universities with graduate schools

3. Policy research agencies under Ministries and provincial

governments( governmental think tank)

Communist party institute and national school of administration

Policy research office and counselor’s office Institute-affiliated research agencies like

academy of macroeconomic research under NDRC, Shanghai international affairs research agency

4.Policy research agencies under Central Committee of CPC and the

State Council Development Research Center of the State

Council Counselors’ Office of the State Council Research Office of the State Council Policy Research Office, CCCPC

12th Five Year Plan

What is 12th Five Year plan? Why is it important to China? How is it made?

12th Five Year Plan

Since 1951, 2011-2015 12th Five Year plan for National Economy

and Social Development Structural adjustment Food and hydropower

Improve Food Security from all Aspects

Goal: increase the production capacity to 540 million tons.

310millon tons increase in 11th Five year plan over 10th Five Year Plan

problem

1. shortage of arable land and fresh water resources

2. rigid growth of food demand with increase of total population and urban population as well as industrial use

3. limited disaster relief in agriculture, eg climate and natural disasters

4. international competition

Measures 1.modernize agriculture, develop technology-inten

sive, informationized and machine-dependent agriculture.

2.implement 50 billion kilograms food project, increase input and compensation for the major food production region and build them into large scale commercial food production base

3. implement strict arable land protection regulation and land conservation regulation

4. Strengthen agricultural infrastructure construction.

5. Build up good storage and protection system. Improve ability to deal with emergency.

Hydropower

On the condition of protecting ecology, we should develop actively hydropower as prescribed in 12th Five Year Plan.

　　 Hydropower production is mainly in Jinsha river, Dadu river, Lancang river and the upstream of Yellow river.

Hydropower

The installed capacity of key hydropower station is 74.021 million kilowatt in the 11th Five Year Plan. Many large scale hydropower projects are in southwestern part of China. Considering the issues related to ecology, security and residents relocation, Chinese government slowed down the development.

By the end of 2009, the permitted capacity is 200.3million kilowatt, using only 27.1% of the total 装机容量 .

7 steps

1. Assessment on 11th FYP( March,2008 to December,2008)

By Various Ministries and departments By provincial governments By independent third party

Hydropower diversified and clean energy on the condition of ecological protection and resid

ents resettlement, we should actively develop hydropower and promote building of large-scale hydropower stations in the Southwestern region. Develop hydropower of small-and-medium-size rivers and construct the pumped-storage power station 。 It’s planned to have 41million kilowatt installed capacity of hydropower. It is the cost-intensive and technology-intensive complicated systematical project.

Assessment by independent party

Development research center of the State Council, National Conditions research center of Tsinghua University and Chinese branch office of World Bank submit the assessment reports.

Criticism, suggestions Professionalism, internationalism, indepen

dence and objectivity

Middle assessment report for the implementation of 11th FYP on 24th, December,2008 was submitted by National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) to NPC together with independent assessment reports.

2. Early Research (end of 2008 to end of 2009)

Basic field research, information collection, topic research and the feasibility discussion of the major project.

Open bidding of 39 topics in 8 areas by NDRC to the public. It issued the topic choosing guideline of the 12th FYP. Related to problems of restricting social and economic development, like changing economic development, balancing urban and rural development. Applicants need to seek the approaches, direction and policy suggestions to solve the problem.

Collective, comprehensive and competitive policy researches.

3. The basic outline of 12th FYP(Dec,2009 to Feb,2010)

Report by NDRC and president Hu Jintao, premier stated that the major them is to adjust economic pattern

Bottom to top

4. Draft version of proposal on the 12th FYP (Feb,2010 to Dec,2010)

Proposal writing team under the leadership of vice premier comprise the research office of the State council, NDRC and various ministries

Study materials form research team to carry out field research proposal writing

5. Pass the proposal

Major objective, guideline, principle and major task .(soul)

6. Discussion on the outline of 12th FYP

1. Dec,2010 National Reform and Development meeting ---information sharing

2. Assessment by National planning experts committee consisting of 37 experts like economists, technicians, scientists and entrepreneurs.(Oct.2010---Jan.2011)

3. Public hearing, open website by NDPC and 座谈会 by the State Council

7. Deliberation and approval by National People’s conference

(Mar.2011) and the announcement of 12th FYP

Legitimate

Initiator Counselor Supervisor

Thank you