study on hybridization of existing thermal power stations...
TRANSCRIPT
Study on Hybridization of Existing
Thermal Power Stations with Solar
Collection Fields
and
Local Manufacturing of CSP
Components
at
Cairo University
Faculty of Engineering
April 1st 2014 12-Sep-13
Main Objective
Investigating the development of electricity generation with less fuel by integrating solar fields into existing conventional thermal power plants.
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
3
Basic Concept
Steam Power Plant
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
4
Fuel2 < Fuel1
Air2 < Air1
Fuel1
Air1
Fuel2
Air2 B
T
Water
Steam
P
B: Boiler T: Turbine P: Pump
Condenser
Combined Cycle Power Plant
Basic Concept
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
5
Fuel1
Air1
Fuel2
Air2
Exhaust
T
HRSG
B
P
Condenser
Steam
Water
Fuel2 < Fuel1
Air2 < Air1
B: Boiler T: Turbine P: Pump C: Compressor HRSG: Heat Recovery Steam Generator C.C: Combustion Chamber
Air
Fuel
C.C
C T
Basic Concept
Gas Power Plants
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
6
Air
Fuel C.C
C T
Exhaust
T: Turbine C: Compressor C.C: Combustion Chamber
• Inefficient
• Needs large
heat exchanger
surface area
Existing Plants (EEHC 2011/2012)
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
7
Steam, 13,002, 19, 43%
C.C, 10,103, 12, 34%
Gas, 3,642,
12, 12%
Hydro, 2,800, 5,
9%
Solar , 20, 1, 0%
Wind, 505, 1,
2%
Capacity (MW, #, %)
Steam, 74,527, 44%
C.C, 59,916,
35%
Gas, 15,771,
9%
Hydro, 19,622,
11%
Solar , 19, 0%
Wind, 1,504, 1%
Energy (GWh, %)
Steam, 17,252, 54%
C.C, 10,345,
33%
Gas, 4,263, 13%
Fuel Use (ktoe, %)
Plant types under consideration
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
8
Steam, 13,002,
19, 43%
C.C, 10,103,
12, 34%
Capacity (MW, #, %)
Steam, 74,527, 44%
C.C, 59,916,
35%
Energy (GWh, %)
Steam, 17,252, 54%
C.C, 10,345,
33%
Fuel Use (ktoe, %)
Exclusion Criteria
1. Capacity Factor
2. Plants Age
3. Topography of the Land
4. Direct Normal Irradiance DNI at the plants locations
5. Available Land Area
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
9
Exclusion Criteria
1- Capacity Factor
• Plants that have capacity factor less than 15% are excluded.
• No plants are excluded based on this criteria.
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
10
The ratio of the plant’s annual actual electrical output, to its
annual potential if it operated at full capacity.
Exclusion Criteria
2- Plants Age
• Plants that are older than 25 years are excluded.
• 7 plants are excluded:
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
11
Plant Type Age in 2013 (years)
Shoubra El-Kheima ST 26
Cairo West ST 34
Ataka ST 26
Abu Sultan ST 27
Kafr El-Dawar ST 27
Damanhour Steam ST 27
Assiut ST 46
Exclusion Criteria
3- Topography of the land
• Any plant with surrounding land that has a slope greater than 5% is excluded.
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
12
The slope of the power plant’s land.
• No plants are excluded based on this criteria.
Exclusion Criteria
4- Direct Normal Irradiance DNI at the plants locations
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
13
The amount of solar radiation received per unit area by a surface that is always held perpendicular to the rays that
come in a straight line from the direction of the sun.
Plants that have DNI less than 4 kWh/m2/day are excluded.
No plants are excluded based on this criteria.
Exclusion Criteria
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
14
5- Available Land Area
• Plants that do not have excess land area inside or outside their borders are excluded.
• 10 plants are excluded:
Plant Type Comment
Cairo West Ext. ST Surrounded by residential and agricultural area
Cairo North C.C Surrounded by residential area
Tebbin ST Surrounded by industrial and residential area
Talkha C.C Surrounded by residential and agricultural area
Talkha steam (210) ST Surrounded by residential and agricultural area
Talkha (750) C.C Surrounded by residential and agricultural area
Mahmoudia C.C Surrounded by agricultural area
El-Atf C.C Surrounded by agricultural area
Damanhour C.C C.C Surrounded by agricultural area
Abu Kir 150 ST Surrounded by agricultural area
Excluded Plants
# Criteria Number of excluded plants
1 Capacity Factor 0
2 Plants Age 7
3 Topography of the Land 0
4 Direct Normal Irradiance DNI at the plants locations
0
5 Available Land Area 10
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
15
Selected Plants
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
16
Steam,
3,584, 7, 12%
C.C, 6,065, 7,
20%
Capacity (MW, #, %)
Steam, 21,230 ,
12% C.C,
37,060 , 22%
Energy (GWh, %)
Steam, 4,664 , 15%
C.C, 6,521 , 20%
Fuel Use (ktoe, %)
Selected Plants
# Power Plant Plant Type Plant Capacity
(MW)
1 Cairo South I C.C 450
2 Cairo South II C.C 165
3 Damietta C.C 1,200
4 Arish ST 66
5 Oyoun Mousa ST 640
6 Nubaria (1,2,3) C.C 2,250
7 Damanhour Ext. ST 300
8 Sidi Krir 1,2 ST 640
9 Sidi Krir (C.C) C.C 750
10 Matrouh ST 60
11 Walidia ST 624
12 Kuraymat steam ST 1,254
13 Kuraymat 1 (C.C) C.C 750
14 Kuraymat 2 (C.C) C.C 500
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
17
Technology Assessment
Parabolic Trough
Advantages:
1. the most cost effective concentrating solar power technology.
2. Hybrid operation is already a commercially proven concept.
Power Tower
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
18
Advantages:
1. It utilizes the cheapest flat mirrors.
2. It is suitable for operation with all power cycles.
3. Higher temperatures lead to better efficiency of turbines at a conventional Rankine cycle.
Technology Assessment
Parabolic Trough
Disadvantages:
1. The temperature limits of 400-5000C leads to the production of steam suitable only for conventional Rankine cycles.
2. Lower temperatures obtained from these systems leads to efficiencies less than power tower and dish systems.
Power Tower
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
19
Disadvantages:
1. The technology is less mature than trough ones.
2. Land use efficiency is less than that of linear systems.
Technology Assessment
Parabolic Trough Power Tower
Land Use Factor 40% 25%
Optical Efficiency 70% 63%
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
20
Parabolic Trough Power Tower
Energy (GWh) 189 107
Capacity (MW) 51.9 29.2
Input
Output
Implementation Scenarios
• Scenario A: Only available land within the plants borders are used.
• Scenario B: Available land within and outside the plants borders are used.
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
21
B
A
Governing Equations
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
22
Governing Equations
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
23
Technical Assessment
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
24
58,290
189
810
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Existing
Plants
Scenario A Scenario B
Energy (GWh) 9,649
52
222
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
Existing
Plants
Scenario A Scenario B
Capacity (MW)
11,185
35
161
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Existing
Plants
Scenario A Scenario B
Fuel Use/Savings (ktoe)
Economic Assessment (Subsidized Fuel)
Scenario Investment ($) Annual
Savings ($)
Payback period (Years)
A 100,221,457 2,426,796 41.3
B 469,289,894 11,227,313 41.8
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
25
Economic Assessment (Fuel’s Market
Price)
Scenario Investment ($) Annual
Savings ($)
Payback period (Years)
A 100,221,457 14,819,977 6.8
B 469,289,894 68,563,034 6.8
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
26
Economic Assessment (Subsidized Fuel)
Scenario Investment ($) Annual
Savings ($)
Payback period (Years)
A 80,177,165 2,426,796 33
B 375,431879 11,227,313 33.4
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
27
Investments decrease by 20%
Economic Assessment (Fuel’s Market
Price)
Scenario Investment ($) Annual
Savings ($)
Payback period (Years)
A 80,177,165 14,819,977 5.4
B 375,431915 68,563,034 5.4
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
28
Investments decrease by 20%
Public Private Partnership (PPP)
• 1% contribution
• 5% contribution
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
29
Regulatory framework
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
30
Transmission and
distribution
networks
Loads
Generation
Co.
IPP
expansion
Bilateral
agreement
Exports
& Imports
MV & LV
Customers
Gov. PP
BOOT(s)
Generation
Co.(s)
Target Market
Phase one
HV
Customers
MV
Customers UHV
Customers
Dis
Co(s)
Private
Distributor
LV customers
ISP
ISP MOEE/EEHC
IPP expansion
Trans Co(s)
Exports
& Imports
MV & LV
Customers
Gov. PP
BOOT(s)
Generation
Co.(s)
IPP expansion
Trans Co(s)
HV
Customers
MV
Customers UHV
Customers
Dis
Co(s)
Private
Distributor
ISP
LV customers
ISP
Target Market
Proposed phase two
MOEE/EEHC
MOEE/EEHC
Exports
& Imports
Dis
Co(s) MV & LV
Customers RE: Gov PP
& IPP
…..
BOOT(s)
Generation
Co.(s)
IPP expansion
Trans. co.
Target market
proposed
phase
three
HV
Customers MV
Customers UHV
Customers
EEUCPRA
Ministry of Electricity and Energy
Independent Merchant Transmission & Distribution
ISP(s)
TSO
Possible demo implementations
• At current power plants in the industrial sector
1-Apr-14 Hybridization of Existing Thermal Power Plants with Solar Collection Fields
34
Thank you for your attention
Mohamed Salah Elsobki (Jr.) [email protected]
Questions, Clarifications & Comments