A STUDY ONINDIAN POWER SECTOR WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ONPOWER TRANSFORMERS & SOLAR POWER PLANTS

Under the guidance of Dr. T. NAMBIRAJAN,

Professor

ByLIBIN PAUL

Reg No. 14397050

at 

TRANSFORMERS AND ELECTRICALS KERALA LIMITED, Angamaly

COMPANY PROFILE

Located in Angamaly near Kochi, Kerala, TELK (Transformers and Electricals

Kerala Limited) has been instrumental in producing and setting up High

Voltage equipment was established on 1963. Started of as a technical and

financial collaboration  between Govt. of Kerala and Hitachi of Japan, now it

is a JV between Govt. of Kerala and NTPC Limited, TELK manufactures Extra

High Voltage Power Transformers (unto 315 MVA, 420 kV) and other

equipment's (CT, PT, Bushings) up to 420 kV class .

Objective of Study

To learn about the Indian Power Sector.

To analyze the trends in Power Transformers in

India.

To study about Solar Power Plants Nationally.

Methodology

Collection of Data

Secondary source of data collection has been adopted. Sources of data have been the companies’ websites and different commercial & ministry websites.

Power Sector in IndiaPower or electricity is one of the most critical components of

infrastructure affecting economic growth and well-being of nations. The existence and development of adequate infrastructure is essential for sustained growth of the Indian economy.

Figure 1 Power sector in India

Market Size Of Indian Power Sector The Indian power sector is undergoing a significant change that is

redefining the industry outlook. Sustained economic growth continues to drive power demand in India. The Government of India’s focus to attain ‘Power For All’ has accelerated capacity addition in the country.

Figure 2 Market size of generation of machinery in India

Power Generation has Grown Rapidly Over the Years

•Electricity production in India stood at 1,048.7 TWh in FY15, a 8.4 per cent growth over the previous fiscal 

•Over FY10–15, electricity production expanded at a CAGR of 6.3 per cent  

Figure 3 Electricity production in India

Sources Of Power With Shares In Total Installed Capacity As of 2015, total thermal installed capacity stood at 189.3 GW, while hydro

and renewable energy installed capacity totalled 41.6 GW and 35.8 GW, respectively.

At 5.8 GW, nuclear energy capacity had increased considerably which otherwise remained the same from 2010 - 14

For the 12th Five-Year Plan, a total of 88.5 GW of power capacity addition is targeted; of which, 72.3 GW constitutes thermal power, 10.8GW hydro power and 5.3 GW nuclear power

Transformer Industry A transformer is a static machine used for transforming voltage level

from one circuit to another circuit without changing frequency.

Power Transformer Distribution Transformer

Instrument Transformer

Rating Above 1 MVA, 33 kV Up to 1 MVA, 11 kV 440 Volts to 1200 kV

Application

Generation, Transmission, Sub-transmission and Distribution

Distribution Measuring & Protection

Types Oil filled & Dry Type Oil filled & Dry type Oil filled & Dry type

Table 1 Types of Transformer

Indian Transformer Industry The transformer industry started in India in 1950.

The power generating capacity in India increased almost by 50 times during the past 50 years. In 1950 the generating capacity was nearly 1800 MW which was increased to about 90000 MW.

The Indian transformer industry was dominated by BHEL with 25% of market share and other competitors are Crompton Greaves Ltd. (CGL), Alston, ABB (Asia Brown Boveri).

Demand for power sector

A rapid growth in the power sector in the country and all over the world is expected in the next years. Addition of 55,000 MW was carried out during the 11th five-year plan (2007-12). Based on projections released by planning commission, India is expected to add 88,425 MW of new generation capacity during 12th five year plan (2012-17). 38,000 have been added in the first two years (2012-14) of 12th five year plan.

Demand Segments15%

48%2%15%

20%Generator TransformerTransforma-tion CapacityIndustrial DemandReplacementExport

Transformer Demand Segment 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-

17 TOTAL

GT Capacity (MVA) 20,497 19,011 19,974 21,090 16,265 96,837Transformation Capacity

(MVA) 67,372 62,488 65,654 69,321 53,462 318,297Industry Installations

(MVA) 3,369 3,124 3,283 3,466 2,673 15,915

Export Demand (MVA) 18,000 21,420 25,490 30,333 36,096 131,339Replacement Demand

(MVA) 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 100,000

Total (MVA) 129,238 126,043 134,401 144,210 128,496 662,388

Competitor Analysis

BHEL Siemens India Limited ABB Limited Crompton Greaves Limited Alstom (Areva) T&D India Ltd Bharat Bijlee Transformers & Rectifiers Vijai Electricals EMCO Voltamp

Key Challenges One of the major concerns for the industry is the growing imports from

China and South Korea. As per estimates, the Chinese manufacturers’ share in Indian electrical equipment imports has increased. The absence of a level playing field for the domestic industry poses a major threat to local manufacturers.

Inadequate testing facilities, especially for high voltage electrical equipment

Dependence of some sub-sectors on import of critical inputs,

Cold Rolled Grain Oriented laminated Silicon Steel (CRGO), which is one of the major raw materials for transformers, is not being manufactured in India. Long overdue demand of transformer Industry to government is to pursue companies like SAIL or Tata to set up manufacturing plant in India which would save considerable FOREX outflow.

Key Challenges Delay in release of payments by power utilities adversely effects

top line & bottom line of the industry. Low investment in R&D and no structured long-term approach for

basic research. Lack of standardization of product specification, design

parameters and ratings for generation and distribution equipment across different utilities.

Bouncing of orders by utilities, because of factors beyond their control such as govt. approvals, release of funds etc.

Outdated tendering procedures and contract awarding based on L1 bidder by utilities.

Unavailability and cost of power project funding.

SOLAR ENERGY IN INDIA

India has an estimated solar power potential of around 1,00,000

MW out of which the total installed capacity as of 31st March 2014

was 2,647 MW.As of March 2014, India’s solar energy installed

capacity was majorly spread across 8 states Rajasthan, Gujarat,

Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu,

Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh.

Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (Jnnsm)

The mission will be carried out in three phases and aims to do the following: to create a policy framework for deployment of 20,000 MW by 2022; to add 1,000 MW of grid solar power by 2013, and another 3,000 MW by 2017. The target for 2017 may be higher based on the availability of international finance and technology transfer. S. No. Application

segmentTarget for

Phase I (2010-13)

Target for Phase 2

(2013-17)

Target for Phase 3

(2017-22)

1. Solar collectors 7 million sq meters

15 million sq meters

20 million sq meters

2. Off grid solar applications 200 MW 1000 MW 2000 MW

3.Utility grid

power, including roof top

1,000-2000 MW 4000-10,000 MW 20000 MW

Table Phases of JNNSM

Technology For Solar Power PlantsSolar power generation technologies can be broadly classified into two broadCategories: Solar Photovoltaic Technologies

Technology For Solar Power Plants Solar Thermal Power Plants

Future of solar power in India

Projected year-on-year solar PV capacity additions in India, China and the US till 2035

Findings

It is estimated that around 15 per cent of India’s production of power transformers is destined for international markets.

Indian-made transformers are finding their way in developed markets like USA, UK, Canada, South Africa etc.

The Indian transformer industry is gradually gaining prominence in developed markets on the basis of its quality and pricing.

The domestic transformer industry has the potential of becoming the manufacturing or sourcing hub for the supply of transformers in foreign markets.

Findings

Despite this growth in supply, the country is still facing major challenges in providing electricity access to all the households and also improving reliability and quality of power supply.

Its power systems are struggling to overcome power shortages and poor power quality.

Shortages are exacerbated by inefficiencies in power generation, distribution and end-use systems.

The country added more than 1 GW of solar energy to its grid last year, nearly doubling the country’s cumulative solar capacity to 2.6 GW as of the end of March 2014.

Suggestions There is a need for a consistent dialogue between transmission and

distribution service providers and utilities

The key areas that need attention include more focus on domestic manufacturing and safeguarding the industry against cheap imported equipment from non-market economy.

Utilities should have a close look at Technical Standards of service providers and follow a process of Standard Bidding documents across all States.

There is an immediate need for change in planning strategies from the traditional approach of increasing generation to meet in disciplined consumption to need, resource and conservation based approach for economic and environmental benefits.

Suggestions The right policy settings and incentive structures must be adopted

before solar investment will really take off in India.

Diverse financial policies, some currently adopted by the central government and many that have proved successful on the state level or internationally, can help fuel India’s solar market.

The company may consider researching about various new technologies utilized at global level to gain a competitive advantage.

Government schemes should be utilized to make use of the subsidy in solar energy.

Thank You

All we need is  Sustainable Development