Denne studieordning er godkendt af dekanen for Det Sundhedsvidenskabelige Fakultet den 13

The present study programme was approved by the Dean of Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences on 10.04.2013

STUDY PROGRAMME 2013FORMASTER OF SCIENCE IN HUMAN BIOLOGY

Chapter 1 ObjectivesClause 1 ObjectivesThe objective of the Master of Science in Human Biology is to qualify students for research at the highest international scientific level and to enable them to critical apply existing knowledge within the field of biomedicine.As a minimum, the general competence profile of a Master of Science in Human Biology includes:

Knowledge Comprehensive factual and intuitive understanding of how the human organism functions in health and in disease. Such understanding is based on an ability to critically discuss, assess and put into perspective physiological, pathophysiological and pharmacological mechanisms of adjustment and action at various levels that include the molecular, cell, organ and the integrative system level Comprehensive knowledge of the original literature of their selected speciality and considerable overall knowledge of the original literature of other sub-fields within biomedical research Broad knowledge of research methods and approaches used in the field of biomedical research Knowledge of relevant bioinformation tools and methods Knowledge of the clinical everyday life in the hospital sector Knowledge of relevant statistical theories and methods Knowledge related to the use of laboratory animals Comprehensive knowledge of biomedical scientific project design, execution, interpretation, dissemination and presentation, and the ability to put such knowledge into perspective

Skills Have the capacity to design, execute, interpret and present experimental studies in the field of biomedicine at a high international scientific level Have the ability to critically assess the research results of their peers in the biomedical research field Hold a license to work with radioactive isotopes and ionizing radiation in accordance with current legislation Hold a license to work with laboratory animals in accordance with current legislation Have the capacity to independently initiate and perform intra- and interdisciplinary cooperative projects and to assume professional responsibilities Be able to convey research-based knowledge and to communicate at a high academic level with peers and non-specialists in the fields of biomedicine and health science

Competencies Has achieved considerable competence in the use of analytical skills, critical thinking and the ability to collect/find, compound and present information Has achieved considerable competence with regard to the retrieval, evaluation and summarizing of new knowledge in the fields of biomedicine and health science Has achieved competence with regard to controlling complex work and development situations that are not known in advance and therefore require new solutions Has achieved great competence with regard to taking responsibility of continual own professional development and specialization

Sub-clause 2. Upon completion of the training programme, students become Masters of Science (MSc) in Human Biology and obtain the right to use such title. The corresponding Danish title is cand. scient. i humanbiologi.Sub-clause 3. The Master of Science in Human Biology comprises a total of 120 ECTS points.Sub-clause 4. The Master of Science in Human Biology is affiliated with the Core of Danish Medical Examiners (Censorkorpset for Lgeuddannelsen).

Chapter 2 Admission requirementsClause 2 Admission requirementsA total of 40 students are annually admitted to the master's programme. To achieve admission, students must hold a bachelor's degree in medicine, odontology, biochemistry, biology, pharmaceutics, exercise and sport sciences or a corresponding bachelor's degree within the fields of health science or natural science. The bachelor's degree must have been passed with a weighted grade average of 7 or above. Furthermore, admission will be limited to applicants with English language competence corresponding to B level knowledge or above. Sub-clause 2. Applications will be assessed by an admission committee. Selection of the admitted students will be made on the basis of an overall evaluation including, e.g. bachelor programme grade average, research experience and any professionally relevant stays abroad.Sub-clause 3. The bachelor's degree upon which applicants base their application must have been passed within three years before the initiation of the first semester of the master's programme. Sub-clause 4. The Admission Committee may grant exemptions from Sub-clause 3.

Chapter 3 Modules, training activities, exam activities and optional coursesClause 3 Modules and elementsThe study programme is comprised of modules which are divided into three overall categories: health science, natural science and clinical subjects.Sub-clause 2. Training consists of a combination of lectures and laboratory exercises, and a clinical rotation at a hospital ward or department.Sub-clause 3. On the third and fourth semesters of the master's programme, an experimental thesis project must be completed. The scope of the thesis project is 50 ECTS points, cf. Clause 9.

1st semesterModule 1Week 36-45 (9 weeks)Module 2Week 46-04 (10 weeks)

Molecular Biology and Genetics and Advanced Cell Biology (including Bioinformatics) 15 ECTS oral exam (including presentation of written cell biology project)Human Anatomy and Physiology 7.5 ECTS oral exam

Immunology and General Microbiology 7.5 ECTS oral exam

2nd semesterModule 3Week 6-14 (9 weeks)Module 4Week 16-25 (10 weeks)

Pharmacology and Toxicology 7.5 ECTS written examLaboratory Animal Science5 ECTS exam

Human Pathophysiology including clinical rotation 5 ECTS oral exam

Statistics and Data Analysis 2.5 ECTS

3rd semesterModule 5Week 36-45 Module 6Week 46-04

* Elective courses 5ECTS

Master Thesis Project 25 ECTS

4th semesterModule 7Week 6-14 Module 8Week 16-25

*Elective course -5 ECTS

Master Thesis Project 25 ECTS

* Students must select elective courses equivalent to a total of 10 ECTS.

Clause 4 Elective coursesThe master's programme comprises elective courses equivalent to a total of 10 ECTS points. The elective courses must be within the subfields of human biology. The Study Board ensures that a number of elective courses is offered every year. Sub-clause 2. A revised list of elective courses will be made public no later than April 1st and October 1st in the semester preceding the one in which the courses are offered. The Study Board decides continually if elective courses shall be offered in both the spring and autumn semester.Sub-clause 3. Assessment of elective courses will be done in accordance with the exam types presented in Clause 14 of the Joint Study Programme Provisions (Studieordningernes Fllesdel) of the Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesOptional courses are graded using the 7-step grading scale or as passed//failed. External or internal examiners may be used. Sub-clause 4. The Study Board may set a maximum number of students for any optional course. Where the number of students wishing to attend an optional course exceeds the defined maximum, students who have completed most ECTS points shall be given priority.

Danish title: VariesEnglish title: VariesAdmission requirements: Completed all 2nd semester courses and have passed all 2nd semester examsCourse objective: Is described separately for each courseECTS: 5 or 10 ECTSTraining and work forms: Lecturers, group sessions, exercises and possibly other work forms.Assessment: Assessment of optional courses is done in accordance with the test types presented in Clause 14 of the Joint Study Programme Provisions (Studieordningernes Fllesdel) of the Faculty of Health SciencesAllowed exam aids: Will be stated in the individual course descriptionShall be passed by: Prior to participation in the Master's Thesis Project Exam

Clause 5 LanguagesAll classes and training sessions are imparted in English language. The clinical rotation will be in English where possible and otherwise in Danish.Sub-clause 2. The Study Board may decide that one or more optional courses are imparted in Danish language.

Clause 6 Time limitsNo later than three years after initiating his or her studies, the student shall conclude the master's programme.Sub-clause 2. The Study Board may grant exceptions from the time limit set out in sub-clause 1 in case of exceptional circumstances.

Clause 7 Courses and examsThe Master of Science in Human Biology study programme comprises the following courses and exams:

Danish course title: Kursus i molekylrbiologi og genetikEnglish course title: Course in Molecular Biology and GeneticsECTS: 0Semester: 1st semesterImparted in: EnglishObjective: The student shall acquire a profound understanding of gene structure, expression and regulation, and of the mechanisms behind cell differentiationCourse admission requirements: NoneTeaching and study methods: Lectures and laboratory exercisesMandatory elements: Participation in laboratory exercises and subsequent preparation of exercise reports.Objectives: To attain the course attestation, the student shall be able to: Present the theoretical molecular biological knowledge needed to understand the structure and regulation of genes, particularly in relation to the human organism Present theoretical human genetic knowledge to an extent enabling him or her to understand the association between the gene at the molecular level and pathologies caused by gene mutations, their diagnosis and treatment (gene therapy) Present the molecular biology knowledge needed to understand molecular biology issues and basic gene technology procedures and the fundamental principles of biotechnological production methods Master the practical skills needed to plan and execute fundamental gene technology procedures Critically interpret molecular biological resultsCourse participation requirements: Course attestation is made on the basis of approved participation records and approved exercise reportsShall be passed by: Prior to participation in the Exam in Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Advanced Cell Biology

Danish course title: Kursus i bioinformatik og systembiologiEnglish course title: Course in Bioinformatics and Systems BiologyECTS: 0Semester: 1st semesterImparted in: EnglishObjective: Computer-based methods play a decisive role in microbiology, biotechnology and pharmaceutical research. Major international sequence and structure data bases contain information which may frequently replace experimental work. In other cases, the data serve to increase the yield of the experimental resources used. The objective of the course is to build students knowledge of a range of new methods for structure and sequence analysisCourse admission requirements: NoneTeaching and study methods: Lectures and practical exercisesMandatory elements: Participation in laboratory exercises and subsequent preparation of exercise reportsObjectives: To attain the course attestation, the student shall be able to: Explain how the information in biological macro molecules such as DNA and protein may be represented in an electronic format Explain how a shared evolutionary history affects DNA and protein sequence in related organisms Search for data in publicly available sequence and structure data bases such as GenBank, UniProt and PDB Use programs for the visualization of protein 3D structure Produce and critically evaluate the quality of DNA and protein alignmentsShall be passed by: Prior to participation in the Exam in Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Advanced Cell Biology

Danish course title: Kursus i avanceret cellebiologi English course title: Course in Advanced Cell BiologyECTS: 0Semester: 1st semesterImparted in: EnglishObjective: To give students detailed knowledge of cell biology and insight into the methods used in the analysis of cell structures and biological processes. Furthermore, to build basic knowledge of the nerve system's cells and the growth and differentiation of cells, as this is pivotal to the understanding of conditions of the brain and nervous systemCourse admission requirements: NoneTeaching and study methods: Project work, lectures, laboratory exercises, literature acquisitionMandatory elements: Participation in the presentation of articles, participation in laboratory exercises and subsequent exercise evaluations and punctual handing-in of a written project on a subject of the student's choice. The written project shall be prepared in English language and the running text should not exceed 4000 words (excluding the cover page, table of contents, list of abbreviations, list of figures, an abstract not exceeding 250 words and a reference list with a maximum of 50 references). The project shall be written in font size 12 with line spacing set to 1.5 and shall comprise a minimum of 3 and a maximum of 12 figures and/or tables. The running text shall consist of an introduction, a section describing the objective, another section describing the results and a discussion section

Objectives: To attain course attestation, the student shall be able to: Account for the organelles of the cell, the cytoskeleton, the plasma membrane (including transport across the membrane and endocytosis), cell adhesion molecules and the extracellular matrix Account for the regulation of signal transduction, proliferation, cell death and the fundamental elements of cancer Account for the structure and function of neurones and other brain cells, the structure and function of the synapsis, synaptic transmission, action potentials, and demonstrate knowledge of various neurotransmitters Prepare a written, theoretical project on a cell/molecular biology subject and present such project orally.

Course participation approval requirements: Course attestation will be made on the basis of participation in training sessions including approved participation in the practical exercise course, approved participation at oral presentations as part of the literature review and on-time handing-in of the written projectShall be passed by: Prior to participation in the Exam in Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Advanced Cell Biology

Danish exam title: Eksamen i molekylrbiologi og genetik, bioinformatik og systembiologi samt avanceret cellebiologiEnglish exam title: Exam in Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Advanced Cell Biology ECTS: 15Semester: 1st semesterExam language: EnglishExam registration requirements: Approved participation in Molecular Biology and Genetics, approved participation in Advanced Cell Biology, approved participation in Bioinformatics and System Biology and handing-in of a written project on cell biology before the provided project deadlineTo achieve the maximum grade of 12, the student shall be able to: Orally present his or her project and in this context compare, combine, critically discuss and put into perspective the individual project elements Explain a range of elements in cell and molecular biology including their function, objective or mode of action Compare and summarize the functions of each element and provide a coherent description of cellular and molecular biological processes including a discussion of the role and importance of each element for the cell's or the organism's overall function Account for and engage in an integrative discussion of The human genome and the structure of genes Regulation of gene expression Genetic variation, restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism, cytogenetics, gene mapping, functional and positional cloning, mutations and their consequences, genomic imprinting, genetics of sex chromosomes, multi-factorial inheritance, gene diagnostics, and gene therapy Cloning and expression vectors, library screening, Southern blotting, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, DNA sequencing, cytogenetic methods, molecular biological methods for the detection of mutations and transgene animals Structural elements and hierarchies of protein structures Proteasome-mediated degradation Methods for the detection and characterization of proteins The protein and lipid composition and the structural organisation of biomembranes including type of cellular organelles Membrane transport, including demonstration of knowledge of uniport transport of glucose and water, co-transport via symporters and antiporters, ATP-driven pumps, non-gated ion channels and membrane potentials Transport of proteins to membranes and organelles, including demonstration of knowledge of transport of secretory proteins across the ER membrane, insertion of proteins in the ER membrane, folding, modification and quality assessment of ER proteins, selection of proteins for mitochondria and transport of proteins in and out of the cell core Techniques for the study of protein secretion Fundamental mechanisms of intracellular vesicular transport The secretory pathway (through the ER, via the Golgi apparatus to lysosomes or plasma membrane) The mechanisms behind receptor-mediated endocytosis The mechanisms behind lysosomal degradation Signal transduction, including demonstration of knowledge of the concepts of primary and secondary messsengers and of the function and regulation of GTPases, kinases and phosphatases Signalling through G protein coupled receptors, including receptors activating or inhibiting adenylate cylases, and receptors activating phospholipase C Signalling which controls gene expression, including signalling via the TGF-smad signalling pathway, the JAK-STAT pathway, receptor tyrosine kinases, and activation and signalling via the Ras-MAPK pathway, phosphoinositides and 7TM receptors, and signalling pathways involving signal-induced protein splitting Components and function of the actincytoskeleton, including actinpolymer dynamics, formation of actin filaments, transport along actin filaments, myosin structure and function Function of the actin cytoskeleton in connection with cell migration Structure and organisation of tubulin, and microtubule dynamics Microtubule-based motor proteins and the function of microtubuli during cell division Structure and function of intermediary filaments Components of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, including various forms of cell adhesion molecules Components of the extracellular matrix Regulation of the cell cycle, including knowledge of cell cycle phases, cyclins and cycline-dependant kinases Origins and types of stem cells Regulation of programmed cell death Cancer, including the origin of cancer, the multi-hit model, the difference between benign and malignant tumours, metastasizing, the genetic basis for cancer, including oncogenes and tumour suppressor proteins Structure and function of neurones and brain cells Fundamental mechanisms such as synaptic transmission and action potentials Structure and function of the synapsis and various neurotransmitters Neurotrophic factors and their role in signalling and brain functionsExam form:One-hour oral exam consisting of a Power-Point presentation of the student's cell biology project followed by a discussion and examination of the project and concluding with a general examination of the student's knowledge of the curriculum.Grade scale: 7-step grade scaleExternal or internal examiner: ExternalExam aids allowed: NoneShall be passed by: Before the initiation of any 2nd semester courses

Danish course title: Kursus i human anatomi og fysiologiEnglish course title: Course in Human Anatomy and Systems PhysiologyECTS: 0Semester: 1st semesterObjective: The anatomical part of the course includes histology. When completing the course, students shall be able to explain the structure and function of tissue, including descriptions of cell types and cellular structures by microscopy. Furthermore, the course comprises body anatomy including description of organs and embryology, describing the dynamic development of the body's structures as well as developmental defects. Furthermore, it is the objective of the course to impart to students who have not completed a university level course on systems physiology a series of fundamental prerequisites to the subsequent acquisition of knowledge in a range of the master's fields of knowledge, particularly pathophysiology and pharmacologyCourse admission requirements: NoneTeaching and study methods: Lecturers and class-based trainingMandatory elements: NoneObjectives: The course is not mandatoryCourse participation approval requirements: NoneShall be passed by: The course is not mandatory

Danish exam title: Eksamen i human anatomi og fysiologiEnglish exam title: Exam in Human Anatomy and Systems PhysiologyECTS: 7.5Semester: 1st semesterExam registration requirements: NoneTo pass exam the student shall be able to: Account for various cell types Explain and discuss the composition of specific tissue types such as epithelial, muscle, connective tissue and similar. Explain and compare the anatomy of viscera, skin and reproductive organs Explain and discuss the macroscopic skeleton and the neuromuscular system Explain embryology Explain and compare the structures of the nervous system, neurones, glial cells, etc. Account for the central nervous system Explain the concept of physiological homeostasis Explain and discuss general qualitative models for physiological control systems Employ such models as analytical tools to explain and compare the function of major physiological systems, including the circulatory and respiratory systems, the gastrointestinal system, the kidneys, the metabolism and the endocrine glands Explain and discuss general principles of cellular communication, including the importance of various forms of signal molecules, cellular receptors and intracellular events leading to impulse generation, muscle contraction or transport of matter, e.g. internal and external secretion Explain selected classical examples of pathophysiological mechanisms Provide classical examples of the mode of action of pharmaceuticalsExam form: 20-minute oral exam with no preparation timeGrade scale: Passed/failedExternal or internal examiner: InternalExam aids allowed: NoneShall be passed by: Before the initiation of any 2nd semester courses

Danish course title: Kursus i immunologi og generel mikrobiologiEnglish course title: Course in Immunology and General MicrobiologyECTS: 0Semester: 1st semesterImparted in: EnglishObjective: The student shall acquire the knowledge needed to understand the molecular and structural background for the integrated functions of cells and tissues in immunological recognition and activation. Furthermore, students shall acquire knowledge and understanding of immunology in a medical and biotechnological context sufficient for him or her to recognize, understand and act on immunological issues when these occur throughout his or her career. Additionally, the student shall acquire an overview of microbiology (bacteriology, virology and parasitology).Course admission requirements: NoneTeaching and study methods: Lectures, case-based training, article revision and laboratory exercises. Mandatory elements: Participation in case-based training, article revision and laboratory exercisesObjectives: To attain the course attestation, the student shall be able to discuss the: Composition of the immune response, cells and organs Composition and function of the innate immune response Development of B and T cells Tissue-specific immunity Activation and regulation of the specific immune response Autoimmunity and allergy Tumour immunology Manipulation of the immune response, including vaccination The general composition of bacteria and the pathogenesis in selected bacterial conditions The general composition of virus and the pathogenesis in selected viral conditions The general composition of parasites and the pathogenesis in selected viral conditionsCourse participation approval requirements: Approved participation in the training activities, including approved participation in the practical exercisesShall be passed by: Prior to participation in the exam in Immunology and General Immunology

Danish exam title: Eksamen i immunologi og generel mikrobiologiEnglish exam title: Exam in Immunology and General MicrobiologyECTS: 7.5Semester: 1st semesterExam language: EnglishExam registration requirements: Course attestation from the course in Immunology and General ImmunologyTo achieve the maximum grade of 12 the student shall be able to: Discuss the anatomical, biochemical and physiological composition and development of the immune system Discuss the immune system's function, non-stimulated (reposing) as well as stimulated (e.g. during an infection) Discuss the immune system's role in health (e.g. vaccination principles) and disease (infectious immunology, autoimmunity etc.) Discuss the lymphatic system's macroscopic and microscopic anatomy Discuss antigen (immune) receptors' (BCR, TCR, MHC) composition and function and the development of their diversity Discuss the establishment of innate and adaptive immune responses, including effector mechanisms and long-term immunological memory Discuss unspecific and specific inflammation Discuss pathogenesis in diseases caused by immune deficiencies and immune-mediated tissue damage (hypersensibility, autoimmunity etc.). Discuss the use of immunological principles in the treatment and prevention of disease Discuss the general composition of bacteria and the pathogenesis in selected bacterial conditions Discuss the general composition of virus and the pathogenesis in selected viral conditions Discuss the general composition of parasites and the pathogenesis in selected viral conditionsExam form: Oral 20-minute exam with 20 minutes preparation timeGrade scale: 7-step grade scaleExternal or internal examiner: ExternalExam aids allowed: All, except for external communication devicesShall be passed by: Before the initiation of any 2nd semester courses2nd semester

Danish course title: Kursus i human patofysiologiEnglish course title: Course in Human PathophysiologyECTS: 0Semester: 2nd semesterImparted in: EnglishObjective: The overall objective is to give students insight into the various human diseases and to relate human biology to clinical pathology, pathological anatomy and pharmacology. Particular importance shall be attributed to the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the origin and development of diseases and for the interaction between the various organ systems at the structural as well as at the functional level. In contrast, only overall knowledge of disease diagnostics and therapy are required. Furthermore, the objective of the training is to give students insight into current pathophysiological research and an understanding of research-based assessment. The training also serves to sharpen students' interest in and capacity to fight against disease and preserve health through their own research, developmental and administrative efforts. Finally, the training shall contribute to teaching the future master of Human Biology how to communicate professionally in health science contexts Course admission requirements: Approved completion of all 1st semester course elements and passing of all 1st semester examsTeaching and study methods: Lectures, research lectures, clinical sessions, practical exercises, home assignments and integrated student-activating lectures based on clinical case stories.Mandatory elements: Participation in practical exercises and presentation of cases Objectives: To attain the course attestation, the student shall be able to:1. State the primary diseases and disease complexes of chosen organ systems with regard to symptomatology and pathophysiological mechanisms and hereby associated structural changes at organ and cell level1. Account for the normal physiological mechanisms at cell and organ levels including the pathophysiological changes causing diseases and their development1. State the research-related aspects of the diseases of the various organ systems at the following levels: cell-physiology, organ-physiology/pathophysiology, integrative pathophysiology and the translational medical level, and, additionally, to describe the use of clinical physiology/clinical biochemistry and image diagnostic modalities of disease diagnosis1. Explain at the integrative level how disease in one organ system can affect the physiological and pathophysiological regulation mechanisms of other organ systems and of the entire organism Course participation approval requirements: Course attestation on the basis of approved participation in the training activities, including in exercises and approved case presentationsShall be passed by: Prior to participation in the exam in Human Pathophysiology

Danish course title: Kursus i klinisk opholdEnglish course title: Clinical RotationECTS: 0Semester: 2nd semesterImparted in: English/DanishObjective: The objective of the course is to give students knowledge of direct contact with patients and hospital staff from a one-week clinical rotationCourse admission requirements: Approved completion of all 1st semester course elements and passing of all 1st semester examsTeaching and study methods: Introductory lectures and stay at hospital wards/departmentsMandatory elements: Attendance at lectures and hospital wards/departmentsObjectives: To attain course attestation, the student shall be able - in general terms - to: State the overall treatment principles of a given disease Describe the use of clinical and paraclinical tests/examinations associated with a given disease Account for principles of communication with patients and relativesCourse participation approval requirements: 80% participation at training activities and 100% attendance at hospital departments/wardsShall be passed by: Prior to exam in Human Pathophysiology

Danish exam title: Eksamen i human patofysiologiEnglish exam title: Exam in Human PathophysiologyECTS: 15Semester: 2nd semesterExam language: EnglishExam registration requirements: Course attestation from the course on Human PathophysiologyTo achieve the maximum grade of 12, the student shall be able to:1. Explain the primary diseases and disease complexes of chosen organ systems with regard to symptomatology and pathophysiological mechanisms and hereby associated structural changes at organ and cell level1. State the overall treatment principles of a given disease1. Compare the normal physiological mechanisms at cell and organ levels with the pathophysiological changes causing diseases and their development1. Account for the research-related aspects of the diseases of the various organ systems at the following levels: cell-physiology, organ-physiology/pathophysiology, integrative pathophysiology and the translational medical level, and describe the use of clinical physiology/clinical biochemistry and image diagnostic modalities of disease diagnosis1. Discuss - at the integrative level - how disease in one organ system can affect the physiological and pathophysiological regulation mechanisms of other organ systems and of the entire organism.Exam form: Oral 50-minute exam with 30 minutes preparation timeGrade scale: 7-step grade scaleExternal or internal examiner: ExternalExam aids allowed: All, except for external communication devicesShall be passed by: Prior to thesis project initiation

Danish course title: Kursus i farmakologi og toksikologi English course title: Course in Pharmacology and ToxicologyECTS: 0Semester: 2nd semesterImparted in: EnglishObjective: To give students an understanding of molecular pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics including detailed insight into drug effect and side-effects. To achieve knowledge about each therapeutic group and its effects. To obtain knowledge of toxicology and poisoning caused by pharmacological treatment and to avoid such poisoning, and to build a capacity to assess the efficacy and any toxicities of new medicinal productsCourse admission requirements: Approved completion of all 1st semester course elements and passing of all 1st semester examsTeaching and study methods: Lectures, laboratory exercises and theoretical exercisesMandatory elements: Participation in the practical course and preparation of assignments and reportsObjectives: To attain the subject attestation, the student shall be able to: Account for general pharmacodynamic principles Account for the action mechanisms of pharmaceuticals Describe the therapeutic potential and adverse event profile of pharmaceuticals Describe the main elements involved in the development of pharmaceuticals, including in vitro studies, animal studies and clinical studies Account for toxic reactions to pharmaceuticalsCourse participation approval requirements: Approved participation in training activities and approval of assignments and reportsShall be passed by: Prior to participation in the exam on Pharmacology and Toxicology

Danish exam title: Eksamen i farmakologi og toksikologiEnglish exam title: Exam in Pharmacology and ToxicologyECTS: 7.5Semester: 2nd semesterExam language: EnglishExam registration requirements: Course approval attestation from Course in Pharmacology and Toxicology To achieve the maximum grade of 12, the student shall be able to: Discuss the overall principles of pharmaceutical absorption, distribution biotransformation and excretion Explain the mathematical principles behind plasma concentration development in pharmaceutical dosage Discuss the principles behind pharmaceutical-receptor binding including the dose-response curve for agonists, antagonists and partial agonists. Employ pharmacodynamic and kinetic principles in the assessment of therapeutic and adverse effects of pharmaceuticals Explain the importance of external factors on the effects of pharmaceuticals (polymorphy, social factors, age, disease) Discuss the main therapeutic groups to which the drugs of the drugs list belong, which includes their known or presumed action mechanism at the molecular and cellular level and the primary side effects. Use the acquired knowledge about each main therapeutic group in the assessment of any given pharmaco-therapy, e.g. in collaboration with medical staff Discuss the primary toxicological treatment principles by reference to relevant examples Perform toxicological assessments in connection with the use of pharmaceuticals as well as chemicals on the basis of concepts as accumulated dose-adverse effect graph, toxic and therapeutic index Use the acquired toxicological knowledge in the assessment of new drugs and products aimed at preventing poisoning Plan, perform and analyse fundamental pharmacology and toxicology studies. Explain different phases in the development of a pharmaceutical - from idea to finished medicinal product, including principles and methods used to discover and develop pharmaceuticals, particularly in the field of biotechnologyExam form: 4-hour written examGrade scale: 7-step grade scaleExternal or internal examiner: ExternalExam aids allowed: Alphabetical list of pharmaceuticals (will be handed out at the exam) and own calculator without stored dataShall be passed by: Prior to thesis project initiation

Danish course title: Kursus i forsgsdyrskundskabEnglish course title: Course in Laboratory Animal ScienceECTS: 0Semester: 2nd semesterImparted in: EnglishObjective: Upon completion of the course in Laboratory Animal Science, the student shall have acquired knowledge about the ethical aspects and legislation concerning animal studies, general laboratory animal science and about theoretical and practical conditions of importance to the planning, execution and assessment of animal studies. The course includes practical exercises in the handling of laboratory animals and a range of interventions in sedated laboratory animals. Upon completion of the course and passed exam, the student is qualified to apply for an authorization to perform animal studies and can contribute to the planning and execution of animal studies.Course admission requirements: NoneTeaching and study methods: Lectures and practical exercises involving live animalsMandatory elements: Practical exercises in the handling of laboratory animals including interventions in sedated animalsObjectives:To attain course attestation, the student shall be able to: Account for the legislation on laboratory animals and animal studies Provide a basic account of laboratory animal biology Account for the importance of animals in biomedical research Explain how research may be done while taking into account to the greatest extent possible the well-being of the laboratory animalsCourse participation approval requirements: Approved participation in the training activities, including approved participation in the practical exercisesShall be passed by: Prior to participation in the exam on Laboratory Animal Science

Danish exam title: Eksamen i forsgsdyrskundskabEnglish exam title: Exam in Laboratory Animal ScienceECTS: 5 ECTSSemester: 2nd semesterExam language: EnglishExam registration requirements: Course attestation from the course of Laboratory Animal ScienceTo pass the exam the student shall be able to: Account for well-being in laboratory animals Reproduce the statutory rules and provisions on laboratory animals and studies Account for the comparative biology of frequently used laboratory animal species Describe ethics in animal studies Explain animal models and study design Account for gene-modified laboratory animals as models Describe the importance of environmental factors for homeostasis and study results Account for the handling and administration of drugs and for blood sampling Account for working environment in the animal stables - allergies and zoonoses Describe diseases and health control in laboratory animals Describe the genetics and standardization of laboratory animals Account for principles for breeding of laboratory animals Explain anaesthesia, analgesia and euthanasia Account for the principles of experimental surgery Describe pharmaceutical development and GLP Account for the planning, execution and publication of experimental animal studies Account for the alternatives to animal studies Explain experimental and humane endpointsExam form: 2-hour written examGrade scale: Passed/failedExternal or internal examiner: InternalExam aids allowed: NoneShall be passed by: Prior to the Master's thesis project exam

Danish course title: Kursus i statistik og dataanalyse for humanbiologerEnglish course title: Course in Statistics and Data Analysis for Human BiologistsECTS: 2.5Semester: 2nd semesterImparted in: EnglishObjective: Achieve an understanding of the significance of statistics on own science. Fundamental understanding of statistically based conclusions, data structures and statistical methods. Be able to extract information from statistical software, formulate statistical conclusions and calculate sample sizes in connection with the planning of studies. Introduction to statistical softwareCourse admission requirements: Teaching and study methods: Lecturers and it-exercicesMandatory elements: Participation in lectures and it-exercisesObjectives: To achieve course attestation, the student shall be able to: Test simple descriptive calculations and descriptive plots Discuss statistical concepts such as p-value, regression, standard deviation, standard error, test, correlation, median, mean, boxplot, level of significance and statistical interaction Discuss the results of simple statistical analyses Test simple statistical analyses by use of statistical softwareCourse participation approval requirements: Course attestation on the basis of approvedparticipation in training activitiesShall be passed by: Prior to the Master's thesis project exam

Danish course title: Master's ThesisEnglish course title: Masters thesis ECTS: 0Semester: 3rd and 4th semestersImparted in: EnglishObjective: Under the supervision of a researcher to critically acquire knowledge about scientific method and to apply such knowledge for the solution of a scientific problem of the student's own choice within the field of health scienceCourse admission requirements: Approved completion of all 2nd semester course elements Teaching and study methods: Supervised experimental laboratory workMandatory elements: NoneObjectives: The course is not mandatoryCourse participation approval requirements: NoneShall be passed by: The course is not mandatory

Danish exam title: Master's thesis project examEnglish exam title: Exam in masters thesisECTS: 50 ECTSSemester: 4th semesterExam language: EnglishExam registration requirements: The master's thesis project exam shall conclude the training programmeTo achieve the maximum grade of 12, the student shall be able to: Select and process a well-defined and clear health science problem of research relevance Convey the work in writing as well as orally at a high international academic level Critically discuss, assess, conclude and put into perspective own and others' research results at a high international scientific level while including relevant literatureExam form: Oral 60-minute exam consisting of 25 minutes of oral presentation of the master's thesis using AV equipment followed by 30 minutes of scientific discussion focussing on the issues of the thesisGrade scale: 7-step grade scaleExternal or internal examiner: ExternalExam aids allowed: NoneShall be passed by: Before concluding the Master's Programme

Clause 9 Master's thesisIn the third and fourth semesters, the student prepares a master's thesis. The thesis shall demonstrate the student's ability to formulate, analyse, qualify, discuss and assess issues within a relevant, well-defined subject area.Sub-clause 2. The master's thesis shall be prepared in accordance with the approved thesis agreement and shall correspond to approx. 50-60 A4 pages written in Times New Roman 12 points with line spacing set to 1.5 lines. The master's thesis shall contain a summary not exceeding one A4 page. The summary shall sum up the thesis problem, the methods applied, the main results and, where relevant, also include a discussion and conclusion. The summary may be in Danish or English language. The summary forms part of the overall assessment of the master's thesis.Sub-clause 3. At the assessment of the master's thesis, both the academic contents and the student's ability to convey such contents shall be taken into consideration. The academic contents shall carry more weight during the assessment.Sub-clause 4. The master's thesis corresponds to 45 ECTS-point.

Clause 10 CommencementThis study programme is effective as from 1 September 2013 and shall be applied to any students enrolled as from that date.

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