By:Ahmed Albayati

UG:1330089

STRUCTURE OF TOOTH

Parts of Tooth• Crown – top portion of the tooth covered by enamel.

– Clinical crown - portion of the tooth that is visible in the mouth.

– Anatomical crown – the total portion of the crown that is covered by the enamel.

• Root – bottom part of the tooth; may be single-, double-, or triple-root.– Clinical root – portion of the root covered by the gingival

(gum) tissue.– Anatomical root – total portion of the root covered by the

cementum.

Parts of Tooth

• Cervix – neck – the neck of the tooth at the cementoenamel junction.

• Apex – the anatomic area at the end of the tooth root.

Tissues of the Tooth

• Enamel – the hard tissue that covers the crown portion of the tooth (hardest substance in the body).

• Dentin – the material forming the main inner portion of the tooth structure.

• Cementum – the substance covering the root surface of the tooth.

Tissues of the Tooth

• Pulp – the vital tissues of the tooth consisting of nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue.– Pulp chamber – open area in center of tooth,

found in the crown area; place for the pulpal tissues.

– Pulp canal – small canal in the center of the root, containing the pulpal vessels.

Title

DISEASES OF Tissues of the Tooth

• Dental Caries:• refer to tooth decay, which occurs when specific

types of bacteria produce acid that destroys the tooth’s enamel and its underlying layer, the dentin

DISEASES OF Tissues of the Tooth

• pulpitis is inflammation of the dental pulp resulting from untreated caries, trauma, or multiple restorations. Its

principal symptom is pain. • Pulpitis is designated as• Reversible: Pulpitis begins as

limited inflammation, and the tooth can be saved by a simple filling.

• Irreversible: pulp damage is extensive and cannot be reversed. The only way dentists can stop the pain is by removing the pulp via root canal treatment

Tissues surrounding the Teeth

• Alveolar process – the extension of the maxilla and mandible that surrounds and supports the teeth to form the dental arches.

• Alveolar bone – the part of the alveolar process that lines the bony sockets into which the roots of the teeth are embedded.

Tissues surrounding the Teeth

• Periodontal ligament – dense connective tissue organized into fiber groups that connects the cementum covering of the root of the tooth with the alveolar bone of the socket wall.

• Gingiva – the mucous membrane tissue that immediately surrounds the tooth.

• Free (marginal) gingiva• Interdental Gingiva (Papilla)• Attached gingiva

Tissues surrounding the Teeth

 Diseases of gum

• Periodontal disease:• Gingivitis :is a common and

mild form of gum disease that causes irritation, redness and swelling (inflammation) of your gums.

• Gingivitis can lead to much more serious gum disease (periodontitis): s a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and destroys the bone that supports your teeth. 

Surfaces of the Teeth

• Facial – pertaining to the surface of the cheek and lips (face).– Labial – pertaining to the lips: anterior surface

of the anterior teeth.– Buccal – pertaining to the cheek: surface of

the posterior teeth touching the cheek.• Lingual – surface of the tooth or area

touching the tongue.

Surfaces of the Teeth• Incisal edge – cutting edge of the anterior

teeth.• Occlusal – chewing surface of the posterior

teeth.• Proximal – side wall of tooth which meet with

or touches the side wall of another tooth.– Mesial – to the middle: side surface closest to the

middle of the face.– Distal – pertaining to the far or away side: side

farthest from the midline of the face.

Important Oral Cavity Structures

Leukoplakia

Fissured Tongue

Irritation Fibroma

Hairy Tongue

Salivary Stone

Gingival Fibrous Hyperplasia