style manuals and reference management for researchers

Style Manuals and Reference Management Style Manuals and Reference Management Style Manuals and Reference Management Style Manuals and Reference Management

for Researchersfor Researchersfor Researchersfor Researchers

V. SriramV. SriramV. SriramV. SriramV. SriramV. SriramV. SriramV. Sriram

Chief Librarian, K.N. Raj Library

Centre for Development Studies

Thiruvananthapuram

email: [email protected]

CONTENTS

� Literature – What and How to manage

� Basics of referencing – What and Why

� Style Manuals

� Reference management software

Zotero – Features� Zotero – Features

� Zotero – Word integration

LITERATURE

� Research requires engagement with literature at

each and every stage starting from exploring the

topic to submission of the paper / theses / report.

� Researchers gather a huge mound of literature in

the research process and are often shocked to find

that they are not able to manage it well.that they are not able to manage it well.

� Making literature manageable involves assessing

their relevance, systematically keeping track of the

sources, and maintaining notes / annotations

TYPES OF SOURCES

� Reference Sources

� Books, Journals

� Grey Literature

� Official Government PublicationsOfficial Government Publications

� Writing Tools

MANAGING LITERATURE

Systematic gathering of sources:

� Using proper tools to gather literature – Google

Scholar, Journal Databases, …

� Creating bibliographic records and making it

error freeerror free

� Organizing by topic, subject, research area…

� Linking the soft copy full text for easy retrieval

� Assigning a unique primary-key for print items.

MANAGING LITERATURE

Annotation / Notes:

Incorporating the following -

� Author and the audience

� Summary

� Critical comments

� Notes on relevance

REFERENCING

� What is referencing?What is referencing?What is referencing?What is referencing?

It is a method used by the researchers to

demonstrate that they have conducted a

thorough and appropriate literature search, and

reading. To accurately acknowledge other reading. To accurately acknowledge other

people's work and ideas when writing your own

work, you need to use a referencing style. There

are many types of referencing style such as

Chicago Style, MLA, MPA …

REFERENCING

� Need for referencingNeed for referencingNeed for referencingNeed for referencing

Accurate referencing reflects good academic practice

and enhances the presentation of your work: it shows

that your writing is based on knowledge and informed by

appropriate academic reading.

You need referencing to ensure that anyone reading your

work can trace the sources you have used in the

development of your work, and give you due credit for

your research efforts and quality.

If you do not acknowledge another writer's work or ideas,

you could be accused of plagiarism.

CITATION STYLE

� Author – Date System

� Enumerated System

AUTHORAUTHORAUTHORAUTHOR----DATE SYSTEMDATE SYSTEMDATE SYSTEMDATE SYSTEM

In the quest for catching up, industrialisation was the common aspiration (Nayyar 2013).

The references should be listed at the end of in The references should be listed at the end of in The references should be listed at the end of in The references should be listed at the end of in the the the the alphabetical orderalphabetical orderalphabetical orderalphabetical order of the author.of the author.of the author.of the author.

ENUMERATED ORDERENUMERATED ORDERENUMERATED ORDERENUMERATED ORDER

There are now over 1 billion web-sites

hosted on millions of Internet servers [4].

The references are listed at the end of the The references are listed at the end of the The references are listed at the end of the The references are listed at the end of the The references are listed at the end of the The references are listed at the end of the The references are listed at the end of the The references are listed at the end of the

paper in the paper in the paper in the paper in the numerical ordernumerical ordernumerical ordernumerical order of the citationof the citationof the citationof the citation.

STYLE MANUAL

� Types of Writing

� Consistency / Uniformity

� Guidance

Contents� Contents

STYLE MANUALS

1.1.1.1. Chicago Manual of Style, 16Chicago Manual of Style, 16Chicago Manual of Style, 16Chicago Manual of Style, 16thththth ed. Chicago: University ed. Chicago: University ed. Chicago: University ed. Chicago: University

of Chicago, 2010. (Also online edition)of Chicago, 2010. (Also online edition)of Chicago, 2010. (Also online edition)of Chicago, 2010. (Also online edition)

2. Publication Manual of the American Psychological 2. Publication Manual of the American Psychological 2. Publication Manual of the American Psychological 2. Publication Manual of the American Psychological

Association, 6Association, 6Association, 6Association, 6thththth ed. Washington: American ed. Washington: American ed. Washington: American ed. Washington: American

Psychological Association, 2009.Psychological Association, 2009.Psychological Association, 2009.Psychological Association, 2009.Psychological Association, 2009.Psychological Association, 2009.Psychological Association, 2009.Psychological Association, 2009.

3. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research papers, 73. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research papers, 73. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research papers, 73. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research papers, 7thththth ed. ed. ed. ed.

Modern Languages Association, 2009.Modern Languages Association, 2009.Modern Languages Association, 2009.Modern Languages Association, 2009.

STYLE MANUALS

4. American Anthropological Association (AAA)4. American Anthropological Association (AAA)4. American Anthropological Association (AAA)4. American Anthropological Association (AAA)

5. American Sociological Association Style (ASA)5. American Sociological Association Style (ASA)5. American Sociological Association Style (ASA)5. American Sociological Association Style (ASA)

6. Council of Science Editors Style (CSE), 76. Council of Science Editors Style (CSE), 76. Council of Science Editors Style (CSE), 76. Council of Science Editors Style (CSE), 7thththth ed., ed., ed., ed.,

2006200620062006

7. Columbia Style Guide7. Columbia Style Guide7. Columbia Style Guide7. Columbia Style Guide7. Columbia Style Guide7. Columbia Style Guide7. Columbia Style Guide7. Columbia Style Guide

8. IEEE Style Guide8. IEEE Style Guide8. IEEE Style Guide8. IEEE Style Guide

9. Modern Humanities Research Association Style 9. Modern Humanities Research Association Style 9. Modern Humanities Research Association Style 9. Modern Humanities Research Association Style

ManualManualManualManual

MLA HANDBOOK FOR WRITERS OF RESEARCH

PAPERS…

� For using MLA format, please consult: For using MLA format, please consult: For using MLA format, please consult: For using MLA format, please consult:

1. 1. 1. 1. MLA Handbook for WritersMLA Handbook for WritersMLA Handbook for WritersMLA Handbook for Writers

of Research Papers (7of Research Papers (7of Research Papers (7of Research Papers (7th th th th edition). edition). edition). edition).

2. 2. 2. 2. MLA Style Manual and MLA Style Manual and MLA Style Manual and MLA Style Manual and

Guide to Scholarly Publishing Guide to Scholarly Publishing Guide to Scholarly Publishing Guide to Scholarly Publishing Guide to Scholarly Publishing Guide to Scholarly Publishing Guide to Scholarly Publishing Guide to Scholarly Publishing

(2nd edition). (2nd edition). (2nd edition). (2nd edition).

The MLA Handbook is The MLA Handbook is The MLA Handbook is The MLA Handbook is

available in most of the libraries available in most of the libraries available in most of the libraries available in most of the libraries

and at the MLA web site and at the MLA web site and at the MLA web site and at the MLA web site

Source: www.mlahandbook.org/.

CITATION STYLE

7824 styles and growing …

http://citationstyles.org/

https://zotero.org/styles https://zotero.org/styles

CITATION STYLE

� In text citation

� References

� Bibliography

REFERENCE MANAGEMENT

SOFTWARE� To record the details of all the information you

find. You will need these details to provide

accurate references, and to enable you to locate

the information again at a later date

Benefits:

search easily for a particular reference to which � search easily for a particular reference to which

you need to refer back

� print or save lists of references

� insert citations into your document and

automatically produce a bibliography in

whatever style you require

REFERENCE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE - EVOLUTION

� Proprietary / Free Open Source

� 1980s – Reference Manager, End Note, Bookends

� 1990s – Pybliographer, Biblioscape, 1990s – Pybliographer, Biblioscape,

� 2000s – 25 new software – Mendeley, Zotero

Comparison -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_reference_management_software

REFERENCE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE - EVOLUTION

� MS Word: References. Citation and

Bibliography

� Beginner: Zotero

� Advanced: Mendeley� Advanced: Mendeley

� LaTex users: JabRef

ZOTERO

� Free – Open Source

� Platform independent

� Works Offline and Online

� Over 6700 referencing styles � Over 6700 referencing styles

� Data Sharing

� 26 fields

� 34 Types of Sources

� Linking full text / pdf

� Integration with MS-Office / Open Office

FIREFOX - INSTALLATION

ZOTERO - INSTALLATION

Zotero - Installation

OPEN ZOTERO

COLLECTING REFERENCES

ADDING ITEMS

ORGANIZING ITEMS

DRAG & DROP ITEMS

SEARCHING ITEMS

ZOTERO – WORD ADD - IN

INSERT CITATION

INSERT BIBLIOGRAPHY

CREATE ZOTERO ACCOUNT

ZOTERO LOGIN

SYNCHRONIZE

SETTINGS

BACKUP

CONCLUSION

� Organizes your research materials

� Long term storage

� Reduces data entry and formatting

� Helps to develop your research� Helps to develop your research

Thank you!Thank you!Thank you!Thank you!

V. Sriramemail: [email protected]

style manuals and reference management for researchers

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