Subject Index

absorptive nutrition 18,31,33,73, 93,114

acervulus 245 aeroaquatic fungi 234, 339 aflatoxin 209,210 aleuriospore (see aleurioconidium) alkaloid 170

ergot 224 al!ergen 332 amoeboid cel! 150 amoeboid movement 23 anaerobe 16,32,95,107,108 anamorph 164,165,170,180-183,

186,188,191-193,202,203,205, 206,214,216,222,223,234,236, 238,243,245,247,249,258,264, 268-271,273,286,292-294,299, 301, 303, 308

anamorph-teleomorph connection 234,264,308,314,315, 317-320

anamorphic fungi 307 anamorphic holomorph 307 andromorph 329 antheridium 52,53,56 antibiotic 210, 322

function 59 aplanospore 46 aquatic hyphomycetes 258 arthropod

dispersal 222 arthrospore 123,150,152,153,191,

192 ascocarp 15,30,162-173,201,202,

205,206,221,228,257,267, 283,284,289-303

anatomy 260 development 260 types 262

ascogenous hypha 239 ascogonium 162 ascoma (see ascocarp) ascospore 18,162-165,167-173,

184,185, 189, 192, 194, 204-206,231-233,236-241, 243-245,247,249,263,283, 286-293,295,296,298-303

development 263,264 ascostroma 250, 284 ascus 18,161-173,184,192,202,

204,211,231,236,238-240, 243,244-246,249,250,257, 263,265,266,283,286,287, 289-291,293-303

bitunicate 250,285,287,288 evanescent 42 inoperculate 261 operculate 261 suboperculate 265 unitunicate 288

ascus type 271,272 asexual hybrids 222 asexual reproduction 46,48,63,77,

114,122,147,179,182,204,226 asexual species 250, 307 auxiliary cel! 129, 130 auxiliary hyphal structures 135 azygospore 75, 124-126, 134, 135

basal body (see kinetosome) beer 182 biochemical characters 5,59,61,62,

67, 147, 162, 169, 186, 192, 195, 266,314

biocontrol 42,94,118,138,149,182, 223,234,322,325

biogeography 40,41,74,116,117, 226,319

body plan 5,7-9,11,31,32,42,43, 45,56,62,63,66,67,73,78,96, 164,167,168,171-173,260, 268,284,288,289

brown rot 259 bryophilous associations 259 budding 179,182-184,186,189,191,

194

calcium oxalate 122 capilliconidium 134 cel! division cycle 183 cel!ulose (see cel! wall carbohydrates) cell wall 5, 18,23,24,26,27,30,43,

61,62,82,98 carbohydrates 4,7-9,15,16,18,

19,23,25,32,42,43,45,58,59, 62,73, 118, 123, 126, 130, 151, 155,162,183,191

centriole 15,32,77,82,83,102,103 centrosome (see spindle pole body) centrum 211,228,231,236,240

development 222, 228 chitin (see cell wal! carbohydrates) chlamydospore 48,118,123,126,

130,326 chloroplast 4, 30 choanoflagellate tentacles 26 chromosome number 58, 66 chytridiaceous thallus 8

cilia (see flagel! um) clamp connections 336, 337 classification xi, 6,12,20,21,31,32,

68,69,78,86,93,99-103,106, 107,115,120,121,124,132, 147-149,151,161,163,167, 185,186,189,190,228,236, 265,266,268-273,288,297, 308,309,311,312

cleistothecium 201,202,211,216, 230,231,235,236,245,250

gymnothecium 206 multiloculate 201

coenocyte 7,8 commensal fungi 147 conidiogenesis 139,192,194,286,

308-311,314,325 blastic 191,204,233,292-294,

296,299,303,310 enteroblastic 234,238,247,249 holoblastic 234,238,240,243,245,

249,250 phialidic 164,238,240,247,329,

332,334 thallic 164,204,233,310

conidioma 310,318,319,325,327 conidiophore 234,238, 310

biverticillate 206 secondary 134

conidiosporangiophore 46, 48, 63 conidiosporangium 46, 48, 63 conidium 48,66,122,133-135,192,

202,216,233,258,265,269, 286,299,301,307

aleurioconidium 203-205,234, 310,319

ameroconidium 315,317,321, 322,324,327,329,331,338

arthroconidium 203-205,310, 318,336,337

blastoconidium 268,318,336, 337 chlamydospore 234 dictyoconidium 334 didyomoconidium 324,327,338 function 234 macroconidium 318,319 microconidium 315,318,319,339 phialoconidium 203, 204, 329 phragmoconidium 324,327,335,

338 sigmoidal 338 tetraradiate 338

connective tissue 4 convergence (see homoplasy)

350

coprophily 301 cryopreservation 108 cultural characters 314,318,319,

336 culture collections 68, 138, 139, 195 culture methods 67,68,74,78,108,

116,136,147,149,154,181 ballistospore discharge 273 canopy plating isolation 138 cryopreservation 138, 154, 256 enrichment 180 slide culture 215 steak plating 180

cyclosporin 325 cyst 43-45,50,81

resting 28 cystidium 135 cystospore 150 cytology 260

database, Anateleo 234 DBV (see dense body vesicle) decomposer 95,96 dense body vesicle 45,57,58,61,69 dermatophytes 207,208 destruxins 224 diacetoxyscirpenol 224 Dictionary of the Fungi 264, 283,

287,311,312 dictyosome (see Golgi apparatus) dikaryon 15,17,161,162 dimorphism 207, 208 discharge apparatus 47,98,134 discharge mechanism 231 diseases and infections 207

aspergillosis 208 athlete's foot 208 basidiobolomycosis 119 blastomycosis 207 chalkbrood 207 choke disease 222 coccidioidomycosis 207 conidiobolomycosis 119 equine phycomycosis 42 ergotism 170, 224 histoplasmosis 207 mucormycosis 119 paracoccidioidomycosis 207 ringworm 208 rye-grass staggers 222 sea-fan dieback 208 tinea 208 ulcerative dermal necrosis 42 Valley Fever (see

coccidioidomycosis) dispersal 48,74,121,149,224-226,

234 dormancy

oospore 57 dung 32,40,55,94,114,132,206,

258,284

economic importance 41 endobiont 82 endophyte 284 endophytic fungi 170, 222, 223, 226,

243,325,332

Subject Index

endoplasmic reticulum 4,31,76, 103, 105

endospore 19,208 evolution xi, 15, 19,20,24,25,27,

31,60,93,98,108,139,214,215 angiosperm 60 origin of Fungi 25, 27

excipulum 260 exospore 19 extrusomes 45 exudate

insect 288,289,292 plant 180, 292

fatty acid composition 140 fermentation 162 fertilization

insect 225 fission 179,182-184,189,191,192 fiagellar apparatus 75,76,78, 101,

102, 105 fiagellar root 102,106, 107 fiagellum 4,9,13,14,16,18,21,22,

25-27,32,39,40,48-50,61,67, 73,75,76,82,100-102,105

food products Ang-khak 209 cheese 209 koji 209 miso 209 sake 209 shoyu 209

food spoilage 209 form-taxon 311 fossil fungi 108, 139, 155 fossil record 31,60,78,86 fruit 162 fruit rot 318 fruit storage rots 116 fumonisins 224 fungicolous associations 259 fungoid 8,9 fusarins 224

gemma 48 gene sequences

mitochondrial 62, 73, 189 nuclear rRNA 16,17,24,25,28,

31,60,73,162,169,171,179, 186,222,238,240,269

5S 121,157,191,192 18S 11,14,20,22,23,29,45,62,

86,87,89,104,108,121,128, 129,139,140,157,187,188, 191,192,212,214,215,266, 327,329,330

25-28S 14,62,78,121,187,192 protein 24, 60

actin 14,23 EF-1a 17,23,121 hsp 70 17 orotidine-5' -monophosphate

decarboxylase 238 RNA polymerase II 17 tubulin 14,17,20,23,188

genetic recombination 226 genetics 227

genome size 19,32 germination 43-45

arthrospore 150 oospore 57, 58 zygospore 128

germination shield 130 glomalin 132 Golgi apparatus 15,16, 18,21,23,

24,45,49,75,155,157

habitat 40, 128, 162, 172, 238, 240, 241,245,247,259,288,289, 291,292,294-297

aquatic 94, 106, 119, 147 coprophilous 114,121,129,258,

284 estuarine 94 fiower 180 freshwater 41,66,74,87,88,180,

222,225,258,284,338 marine 66,74,87,94,106,147,

164,171,180,222,225,236, 247,249,284

soi! 66 terrestrial 74,87,88,94, 106, 114,

118,129,147,163,164,180, 208,221,258,284,315,329

hallucinogen 170 halophytes 94 hamathecium 236, 240 Hartig net 209 haustorium 117 heterothallic fungi 53, 124, 184,205,

226,265,299 heterotroph 9 heterotrophy 31,39 homoplasy xi, 8,18,24,171,236,

240,249,250 homothallic fungi 53, 124, 135, 184,

205,226,265 honey 162, 163 hulle cells 202, 206 human autoimmune virus (HIV)

224 hydrogenosome 18,105,107 hymenium 204, 211 hypha 3,5,7,8,31,42,43,63,66,

130,134,162,184 hyphal body 48,134 hypogeousfungi 164,168,169,213

industry 216 arbuscular mycorrhiza 118 brewing 162,179,181 chemical 181, 182 enzymes 210 food 162,179,181,182 si!k 16

Ingoldian fungi 318,338,339 insect associations 180 interphase

chromatin 135,136 invertebrate associations 259

karyogamy 52,86 Karyotype

ultrastructural 87

keratinophilic fungi 207 kinetosome 47-50, 52, 76, 102,

105-107 kinetosome props 102 kingdom 3-7,9, 13,30-32

lichenicolous associations 259 Iichenized fungi 257-259,265-267,

270-272 life cycle 42,51, 84, 89, 99, 132, 151,

162,225,226,308 life form (see body plan) light microscopic characters 87,98,

125,132,135,147,185,228, 266,288-303,311,314,335

lipids 264 LSD (see Iysergic acid diethylamine) Iysergic acid diethylamine 170 Iysine biosynthetic pathway 4,59,

78 a-amino adipic acid (AAA) 13,

14 diaminopimelic acid (DAP) 13,

25

mating system 184 mazedium 267 medulla 260 meiosis 4,40,51,57,58,62,85,

161-163,184 merosporangium 122, 123,126,127,

129 metabolism 206

anaerobic 41 microbody-Iipid globule complex

101-103,106,107 microconidium 265 mitochondrial DNA 59 mitochondrion 4,5,14, 16, 18,30,

32,60,102,107 cristae 13,22-24,45,59,61,62

mitosis 4, 15, 17, 51, 62, 76, 83, 103, 136, 183, 195

mitosporic species (see asexual species)

mitotic fungi (see asexual species) mitotic genera 214 MLC (see microbody-lipid globule

complex) model systems 227 molecular clock 215 morphological variation 96 morphology 42,43,46,62,73,78,

82,93,96-98,106,120,125, 129,130,132,162,164,237, 239,241,243,244,260,285, 308,311,314,319,320

mutualistic fungi 259 mycoparasite 63,67,113, 1l7, 119,

121,125,128,164,170,206, 222,223,226,249,284,322,325

mycorrhiza 132, 138, 139, 164, 168, 209,213,259,273

arbuscular 114,118,129,130,132 d-strain type 259 ectomycorrhiza 114,118, 128, 168,

209,213,216

Subject Index

ectotrophic 259 ericoid 209,259,315 vesicular 60

mycotoxin 223,224,314,319, 322-324

myelin-Iike configurations 45

nematophagous fungi 259, 338 nomenclature xi, 16,33,308 nuclear cap 106 nuclear division 5,43, 58

cruciform 81-83 noncruciform 85

nuclear envelope 77 nucleic acid sequences 14,21,61-63,

78, 162, 163, 168, 169, 206, 207, 216,226,228,235,249,250,271

nucleolus 83 nucleus 4, 105, 106 nucleus associated organelle (see

spindle pole body) nutriocyte 204 nutrition 41,58,63,66,78,116,120,

129, 162, 163, 185, 186

occurrence and distribution 94 ochratoxin 210 oidium 336 oogonium 52,53,55,63,66 oosphere 52, 56 oospore 52,53,56-58,62,63,66,67 operculate discomycetes 272 operculum 98 ossiform cells 205

papilla 55,66 discharge 85, 96-98

paraphyletic taxa 21 parasitic reduction 17 pathogen 63

alga 41,42,63,67,74,96,119, 133,258

angiosperm 42,66,169-171,193, 194,271,317,318,320

animal 5,9,16,17,22,30,33,41, 42,63,67,113,114,118,119, 121,162,164,180,207,208, 216,222,224,238,240,258, 330,337

arachnid 325 arthropod 224 bryophyte 259 conifer 273 crusta ce an 24 fern 119, 133, 193 gymnosperm 240 human 16,114,119,181,208,224,

314,315,327,330,332 insect 19,94,96,106,114,119,

133,207,224,250,325 invertabrate 94,117,119,133 mushroom 117,119,223 nematode 325,337,338 oomycete 24 plant 24,32,41,67,75,81,87,94,

95,.107,113,116,162,164,180, 182,207,208,216,222,223,

225,238,243,258,259,268, 303,319,330,334,339

rotifer 94 spider 224 tardigrade 98, 107 vertebrate 94

pebrine 16 penicillin 210 peridium 130,202,204,205,211,

240 perithecium 221,228,236-241,

243-247,249 ontogeny 235,236 reduction 235,250

peroxisome 4, 5, 16, 18, 30, 32 phagotrophy 4,5,22,23, 30, 31 pharmaceuticals 210 phialide 203, 204, 234 photosynthesis 31

351

phylogeny 3-5,11, 14, 15, 17,20,28, 29,59,60,68,69,73,78,86,87, 89, 120, 129, 136, 137, 140, 155-157,167,179,187,212, 221,222,228,235,238,250

molecular 211,213,214 monophyletic xi phenetic xi

plasmodesmata 99 plasmodium 82, 83

development 84 sporangial 85 sporogenic 85 transitional nucleus 85 transitional stage 84

plastid 3-5,9, 31 plastid loss 25,30, 31, 33, 60 pleomorphic fungi 307 polar capsule 16 polar tube 18 pollen 163 polyphosphate storage 45 pycnidium 268,269,271,301,329,

334

recombinant DNA 181 rhexolytic secession 204 rhizoid 26-28,43,96-98,135 rhizomycelium 98 Rohr 82 root 88,95 rootrot 319,326,329,336 rumen fungi 95,107 rumposome 102, 103, 105-107

sagenogenetosome 22,24 saprobe 32,40,63,74,75,94-96,

113,114,121,206,207,226 saprotrophy 163,164,167-173,180,

182,193,268,272,273,283, 284,301,303,323,329,332, 338,339

scales 24 sclerotium 170,204,260, 3l7, 318,

335,336 secondary metabolites 60 sept al pore 162 septal pore apparatus 337

352

septum 15,43,49,99,128-130,149, 155,157,162,184,264

dolipore (see sept al pore apparatus)

seta 247 sex hormone 53

antheridiol 53 sexual developement

lysigenous 213 sexual reproduction 18,40,46,51,

52,56,59,62,77,86,99,107, 134, 135, 151, 163, 184, 191, 204,205,226-228,265

soft drink 182 soy sauce 182 SPB (see spindle pole body) species concept 107,314

biological 86 spermatium 265,299,301,307,318,

329,334 spherulin 207 spindle pole body 15, 17,32, 135,

183 Spitzenkărper 8, 15 spoilage 182,327,334 sporangiolum 122, 123, 126, 127 sporangiosorus 85 sporangiospore 122, 150, 152, 153 sporangium 46,66,81,85,96-98,

122, 123, 126 resistant 100

spore 3,9,15,18,19,24,30,31,43, 47, 122, 132, 138

nuclear number 130 polar tube 16 resting 21,28,77,81,82,84,85,

87,88,96-98,100,134,135,

Subject Index

181,193,318 wall 130, 132

spore balls 204 sporidiola 250 sporodochium 226 sporosorus 81,82,84,87 Stachel 82 sterol 53,55,57,59,60,140 stroma 165, 169, 170, 173, 201, 202,

204,228,237,240,241,243, 260,265,268,292,297,299, 301,311,325,329

substrate 284, 299 symbionts 113,147 synanamorph 308 synaptonemal complex 85,87 systematics 62,68,69, 135

history xi, 13,53,61,78,100,104, 120,148,165,172,191,211, 265,286-288,308,309

phylogenetic xi, 14, 189-194,211, 266,267,270,311,312

taxonomie hypotheses 61,169-171, 179,273

teleomorph 164, 182, 192, 202, 236,243,258,264,268,269, 286

thallus form (see body plan) theca 26,27 thermophilic fungi 207,216 tholus 261 tip growth 8 transitional zone 102 trichospore 19, 150, 152, 153, 155

extrusion 154 trichothecenes 224

trophic state 4,5,15,30,41,74,75, 114,164,284

ultrastructural characters 5,14,15, 18,45,61,62,75-78,82,86,89, 98,99,101-107,125,132,147, 154,161 162,171, 186, 195, 261,263,264,266,272,311 336

vascular wilt 329 virus 75

vector 88 transmission 81, 87, 95

vomitoxin 224

water activity 206, 209 wine 182 wood decay 322, 327 wood rot 335 Woronin body 162,163,264

xerophilic fungi 209,216

yeast cell 124, 126, 303 yeast-like fungi 179,187, 189

zearalenone 224 zooflagellate 8 zoosporangium 85 zoospore 13,22,26,27,39,40,44,

46-50,58,61-63,66,67,73,75, 77,78,81,82,85,93,100,101, 105-107

zoospore cyst 97, 98, 105, 107 zygosporangium 124 zygospore 113,118,124,126-128,

134, 135, 147, 154

Biosystematic Index

Absidia 114,115, 119,120 glauca 139 parracida 117, 119

Absidiaceae 120 Acanthamoeba 24 Acanthoecidae 28 Acanthoecopsis 28 Acanthonitschkia 246 Acarosporineae 271 Acaulopage 115 Acaulospora 115, 128, 129

lacunosa 130 spinosa 130

Acaulosporaceae 115 Acer 169 Aceraceae 162 Acerviclypeatus 240 Achlya 44,47,48,52,57-59,64

bisexualis 49 prolifera 40, 64 radiosa 55 recurva 55

Achlyogetonaceae 98 Aciculoconidium 190 Acitheca 202 Acrasida 12,24 Acrasis 12 Acremonium 223,234,236,313,318,

321,322 chrysogenum 322 luzulae 321 sect. Albo-lanosa 325 strictum 321

Acrididae 114 Actinomucor 115 actinomycetes 5 Adelococcaceae 295 Aegerita 339 agaric 170 Agaricus 6 Agropyron 95 Agyriineae 271 Ajellomyces 202,205,208,214,215,

315 capsulatus 207 capsulatus var. duboisii 207 dermatitidis 203,207

Alacrinella 148 Albuginaceae 40,42,60,63,64 Albugo 41,48,60,64

candida 40,49, 64 Aleuria aurantia 264 alga 3,8,30,40-42,61,63,74,88,

94,164,167,284

brown 13,25,74 chlorarachnean 24, 32 chlorophyte 269 chromophyte 39 chrysophyte 13, 25 eustigmatophyte 13 green 24, 167 haptophyte 25 heterokont 73,76,78,79 ochrophyte 25,31 pedinellid 13 raphidophyte 13 red 17,94,171,247 silicoflagellate 13 xanthophyte 13, 25

Allantomyces 148,153 Allochytridium 98, 106 Allomyces 21,98-100,104,108 Allomycetes xiii, 6, 14, 15,20-22,

32 Allomycotina 6 Alternaria 308,313,334

alterna ta 335 Alveolata 12 Amauroascopsis 202 Amauroascus 202 Amblyospora 6 Ambrosiella 223, 236 Ambrosiozyma 190 Amerosporae 309 amoeba 117,119,125 Amoebidiaceae 148,151 Amoebidiales 6,21,114,147-152,

155-157 Amoebidium 148,149,151-154

parasiticum 147-151,154,155, 157

amoeboflagellates 23 Amoebophilus 115 Amoebozoa 9, 12, 18, 23, 24, 33 Ampelomyces 264 Amphisphaeria 245 Amphisphaeriaceae 245,319,326 Amphisphaeriales 225,243,244 Ancylistaceae 116, 135 Ancylistes 116,119,121,133,135,

139 Andropogon 239 angiosperm 30,32,60,63,223,284 Anguillospora 318,339 Animalia 4, 15,22,23,30-32 Aniptodera 225 Anisochytridiales 78, 100 Anisogramma 243

Anisolpidiaceae 73, 78 Anisolpidiales 40 Anisolpidium 74,77

ectocarpii 74,77 rosenvingii 74 saprobium 75 sphacellarum 74

ant 224 Antennulariellaceae 293 Anthostomella 243 Antromycopsis 336

macrocarpa 337 Anxiella 235 Aphanoascus 202 Aphanodictyon 47,52,65

papillatum 65 Aphanomyces 41,42,65

astaci 42 stellatus 55,65

Aphanomycopsis 65 bacillariacearum 65

aphid 114,325 Aphididae 114 Aphyllophorales 117,335,336 Apiaceae 162, 193 Apicomplexa 8 Apinisia 202 Apiocamarops 244 Apiognomonia 223,243 Apiosordaria 313 Apiospora 329 Aplanes 64

androgynus 64 Aplanopsis 46,52,65,66

spinosa 41 terrestris 55,65

Aplectosoma 115,119 Apodachlya 44,57,59,65

brachynema 65 pyrifera 45,55

Apodachlyella 51,56, 65 completa 65

Apodachlyellaceae 65, 66 Apophysomyces 115 Apusomonas 20 Aqualinderella 41,45,58,64

fermentans 64 Aquamortierella 115

elegans 119 Arachniotus 202 Arachnomyces 202 Arachnotheca 202 Araiospora 64

spinosa 64

354

Archamoebae 18, 24 Archemycota xiii, 6, 8,14-16,21,28,

32 Archezoa 16 Archiascomycetes xii, 162, 187, 189,

190, 191, 192 armyworm 325 Arnaudiella 313 Arnium 225 Arrhenosphaera 202, 204, 205 Arthonia 6

radiata 291 Arthoniaceae 287,289 Arthoniales 166, 172, 173,268,

287-289,291 arthopod 113 Arthopyreniaceae 301 Arthrinium 329 Arthrobotrys 259,338

musiformis 328 Arthroderma 202,205,208 Arthrodermataceae 202,205,214,

315 arthropod 16,18,41,148-150,164,

170,171,222,224,238,249,250, 259

Arthrorhapidaceae 291 Arundinula 148 Arxiozyma 190 Arxula 190, 191 Ascetospora 17 Aschelminthes 61,67 Ascobolaceae 264, 272 Ascobolus 265 Ascocalvatia 202 Ascochyta 334 Ascocorticiaceae 269 Ascocoryne 270,318 Ascodesmataceae 272 Ascodichaenaceae 273 Ascohymeniales 211,286,288 Ascoidea 179,184,189,190 Ascoideaceae 190 Ascoideales 162 ascolocular fungi 288 Ascoloculares 211,286,287 ascomycetes 4, 117, 336

apothecial 257 Ascomycetes xii, xiii, 121, 161, 181,

226 Ascomycota xii, xiii, 6, 14, 15, 17,

20-22,28,32,39,89,108,128, 140,161,263,286,307,312

Ascomycotina xii Ascorhiza 202,214 Ascorhizoctonia 312 Ascosphaera 202,204,205,207,212,

213,215 apis 202

Ascosphaerales 163,201,202,204, 207,211-214,216

Ascosphaeromycetes 163 Ascotricha chartarum 243 Ascozonus 272 Asellaria 148,153

caulleryi 150 ligae 150,152,153

Biosystematic Index

Asellariaceae 148,153 Asellariales 6,147-153,155,157 Ashbya 182 Aspergillaceae 205 Aspergillus 6, 164, 202-210,

214-216,224,226,311,313-315, 325

fiavus 204,208-210,226,315 jumigatus 208 glaucus 308 nidulans 206 niger 181,208-210 ochraceus 208 oryzae 209-210,226 parasiticus 209,210 sojae 209 subg. Circumdati 203,210 subg. Fumigati 203, 207 sydowii 208 tamarii 209 terreus 208

Asteraceae 162,193 Asterids 60 Asterina delitescens 293 Asterinaceae 292 Asterinales 166, 173, 287, 291, 293 Asteromella 332 Astreptonema 148

gammari 155 Athelia 336

rolfsii 336 Atkinsiella 65

dubia 65 Aureobasidium 179, 332

pullulans 331,332 Auriculariales 6 Austrosmittium 148,149,153,154 Auxarthron 202,214

Babjevia 190 Bacillariophyceae 39 Bacillariophyta 61 Backusella 115

ctenidia 123, 126 bacteria 4, 30 Baeomycetaceae 164, 169,269,

270 bakers' mold 329 Balansia claviceps 239 Balansieae 325 Ballocephala 116, 133, 134, 138

verrucospora 157 Baltomyces 148,153 bamboo 258 Basidiobolaceae 116, 134, 135 Basidiobolales 114,116,121, 125,

135, 140 Basidiobolus 6,114,116,119,121,

128,133-136,138-140 ranarum 148

Basidiobotrys 243 basidiomycetes 4, 117, 181, 188, 193,

250,318,335,338,339 Basidiomycetes 162 Basidiomycota xii, xiii, 6, 14, 15,

20,22,28,32,39,89,108,140, 312

Basidiomycotina xii Basidiophora 48, 64

entospora 64 Basipetospora 202, 206 bat 207 Bathyascus vermispora 249 Batkoa 116 Bdellospora 115 bean 116 Beauveria 325 bee 166,204,207

honey 16 beech,southern 268 beetle 16,148,191,224,225,249

bark 225 passalid 147,153

Benjaminiella 115, 123, 124 poitrasii 124

Benua 64 kellermanii 64

Bertia 247 Bettsia 202,204,205,207 Betulaceae 162 Bicoecea 25 bicoecid zooflagellates 13 Bifidocarpus 202 Bigyra xiii, 12, 25 Bionectria 313

ochroleuca 322 Bionectriaceae 237,238 Bipolaris 313,334 bird 207 Bitunicatae 287 Biverticillium 203, 314 Bjerkandera 336 blackfly 42,119,147,154 Blakeslea 115, 122, 125

trispora 116, 126 Blastobotrys 190,191 Blastocladia 101 Blastocladiaceae 104, 107 Blastocladiales 6,9,93,99-101,

103-107 Blastocystales 12 Blastocystea 12 Blastocystis 14,25,33 Blastomyces 202,205,207

dermatitidis 315 Blastulidium 47,65

paedophthorum 65 Blogiascospora marginata 244 bloodworm 152 blue-staining fungi 171 Blumeria 269,318 Bojamyces 148,153, 154 Boletales 117 bolete 170 Boletus 6 Boliniaceae 232, 245 Bolomycetes xiii, 6 Bombardia 225,246 Bondarzewiaceae 336 Botryobasidium 337 Botryosphaeria 299

rhodina 334 Botryosphaeriaceae 299 Botryotinia 313,317

Botryozyma 190 Botrytis 313,317,318

cinerea 317 Brachymyces 115 Brasiliomyces 318 Brassica 87,88 Bremia 64

lactucae 64 Bremiella 64

megasperma 64 Brettanomyces 182,188,190 Brevilegnia subclavata 65 Brevilegniella 52,65

keratinophila 65 bromeliad 147 Broomella 245,326 Brunneospora 202 bryophyte 31,258 Bulbillomyces 339 Bulgaria inquinans 268 Bullera alba 187,195 Burenia 193 Buxtehudia 6 Byssoascus 202,205,315 Byssochlamys 202, 206 Byssonectria 260 Byssoonygena 202

cabbage 81 Caccobius 272 cactus 180 Cafeteria 25 Cainiaceae 245 Caliciales 166,167,215,257,259,

267,288 Calicium 6 Callitrichaceae 88 Callitriche 88 Calocera 312,336 Calonectria 223,237,313,320 Caloscypha 259 Calosphaeria fagi 244 Calosphaeriales 166,169,170,231,

235,245 Calyptralegnia 47,65

achlyoides 65 Camarops 244 Camillea 243

heterostoma 243 lepreurii 243

Camptobasidium 338 Candida 6, 190

albicans 181,187,195 etchellsii 182 famata 181 glabrata 181 guilliermondii 181 krusei 180 psychrophila 180 slooffii 187 stellata 182 tropicalis 181 versatilis 182

Candidaceae 190 Capillidium 116 Capniomyces 148,153

stellatus 149, 152, 154, 157

Biosystematic Index

Capnodiaceae 293 Capnodiales 166, 173, 292-294 Capnodium salicinum 294 Capronia 215,216,332

borealis 297 pilosella 215

carnation 319 Carouxella 148, 153, 154

scalaris 153 Caryophyllales 60 Catenariaceae 107 Catenochytridium 97 Catenochytrium 106 caterpillar 138 cattle 222 Caudomyces 148,153,154 Caudospora 6 Caulochytrium 97,106 Cavostelium 12 cellular slime mold 23,24 Cenangium 270 Cenococcum 206

geophilum 329 Centroceras clavulatum 94, 97 Cephaloascaceae 190 Cephaloascales 162 Cephaloascus 179,189,190

fragrans 184 Cephalosporium 313,322

acremonium 322 Cephalothecaceae 205,213 Cerasus yedoensis 194 Ceratocystiopsis pallidobrunneae

241 Ceratocystis 171, 189,213,223,225,

227,230,235,238-240,326 fagacearum 225 paradoxa 239 radicicola 239

Ceratomyces mirabilis 249 Ceratorhiza 312 Ceratosphaeria 225 Ceratostomataceae 170 Cercomonas 24 Cercophora 225,245-247,313,332

caudata 246 Cercozoa xiii, 12, 23, 24, 30, 32 cereai 95,318 Cerinomyces 312,336 Cerinosterus cyanescens 328 Ceriosporopsis calyptrata 249 Chadefaudia 247

polyporolithi 249 Chaetocladiaceae 115,116,120 Chaetocladium 115,119,120,122,123 Chaetomiaceae 213,235,247 Chaetomium 117, 121, 128, 225, 246

tetrasporum 246 Chaetomorpha 96 Chaetosartorya 202 Chaetosphaeria 246,247,327,329

montana 246 Chaetosphaeriaceae 171,247 Chaetothyriaceae 173, 296 Chaetothyriales 166, 173,212,215,

216,287,295,297,303,313,327, 330

Chalara 213,236,247,326 Charales 61 Charophyta 61 chestnut 171 chestnut blight fungus 227 Chinese cabbage 84 Chiodectonaceae 289 Chlamydoabsidia 115,122,125 Chlamydomyzium 65

anomalum 65 Chlorarachnea 30 Chloridium 247, 327 Chlorophyta 61,268 Chloroscypha 259 Choanephora 115

cucurbitarum 116 Choanephoraceae 115,120,122-

124 Choanoeca 26

355

choanofiagellates 9,14,15,22,25, 27,32,108

Choanozoa 6,12,19,22,32,33 choanozoan protozoa 5 Chromelosporium 313

carneum 317 Chromista xii, xiii, 3, 4, 12, 13,23,

25,30-33,73 chromists 24 Chromobiota 12 Chromophyta 64 Chrysonilia 313,329

sitophila 333 Chrysophyceae 39 chrysophytes 13,25 Chrysorhiza 312 Chrysosporium 202,203,205,247,

312,314,315,336 pannicola 316

Chrysothricaceae 291 chytrid 13,14,26,61,73,93 Chytridiales 6,78,93,98-107,157 Chytridiomycetes xii, xiii, 4, 6,14,

15,18,21,22,27,28,32,93,98, 99, 157

Chytridiomycota xii, xiii, 73, 74, 77,78,89,93,99,100,136,139, 140

Chytridiopsis 6 Chytridium 97,100

confervae 99 olla 106 polysiphoniae 94

Chytriomyces 106 hyalinus 100

Ciliatomyces 65 spectabilis 65

Circinella 115 Circinomucor 115 Citeromyces 190 Citrus 182 Cladobotryum 313,320,324 cladoceran 154 Cladochytrium 96,106 Cladonia 6 Cladoniineae 271 Cladophialophora 332 Cladorrhinum 313,332

356

Cladosporium 332, 337 cladosporioides 333

Claussenomyces 313,318 Clavaria 6 Claviceps 6,170,224,239,325

purpurea 226 Clavicipitaceae 188, 232, 236, 238 Clavicipitales 166, 170, 222-224,

228,230,232,236,238-240,272, 286,313,322

Clavispora 190 Clonostachys 313,322

compactiuscula 323 rosea 322

Closterium 96 c1ubroot of cab bage 81 Clypeosphaeria americana 244 Clypeosphaeriaceae 248 Cnidosporidia 16 Coccidiascus 190 Coccidioides 202,205,215,315

immitis 207, 208 Coccodiniaceae 296 Coccomyces 169 Cochliobolus 313 Cochlonema 115 Cochlonemataceae 115,117,119,

125, 128 cocoa 41 Codinaea 329 Codosiga 28 Codosigidae 28 Coelomomyces 94, 102, 104 Coelomomycetaceae 106 Coelomomycetales 6,8,9, 18,23,

32 Coelomycetes 307,311,329,331 Coemansia 114,115,129

braziliensis 157 reversa 129

coffee 182 Cokeromyces 115, 119

recurvatus 119, 121, 124, 128 Coleoptera 224, 325 Coleopteromyces 148,153,154 collembola 148 Colletotrichum 240, 329

coccodes 330 gloeosporioides 329 japonica 243

colpodellids 24 Completoria 116, 121, 133, 139

complens 135 Completoriaceae 116,135 Complexipes 312 Compositae 193 Conferva lactea 40 Conidiobolus 114, 116, 119, 121,

133,138,139 coronatus 114 thromboides 114

conifer 240, 273, 288 Coniochaeta 246,247,313,327 Coniochaetaceae 247,327 Coniocybe 6 Coniothyrium 334

Biosystematic Index

Coniothyrium fuckelii 330 Conosa 12 Conotrema populorum 272 Cookellaceae 288 copepod 107 Coprinus 6,312 Copromyxa 12, 24 Copromyxida 12 coral 208 Corallochytrea 6, 12, 22, 32 corallochytreans 22 Corallochytrium 9, 12, 14, 22, 23 Cordycepioideus bisporus 238 Cordyceps 224,322,325 corn 42,210 Cornumyces 65 Cornumyces destruens 65 Corollospora 225

comata 249 Coronophora 247 Coronophorales 213, 286 Corticium radiosum 117,129 Corynascus 312 Coryne 318 Corynelia uberata 289 Coryneliaceae 288, 303 Coryneliales 166, 171, 172, 231, 288,

289 cotton 182, 210 Couchia 65

circumplexa 65 crab 147 Craspedomonadida 28 crawfish 74,75 crayfish 42 Crinula 318 Cristaspora 202 Cristidiscoidea 12, 22, 24 crookroot of watercress 81 Crucella 338 Crustacea 61,67 crustacean 42, 148 Cryphonectria 223, 243

parasitica 171,227 Crypticola 65

clavulifera 49,65 Crypticolaceae 65, 67 Cryptococcus laurentii 182

neoformans 181 Cryptomycetaceae 273 Cryptophyta 13 Cryptosphaeria 244 Cryptosporiopsis 318 Ctenomyces 202, 205 cucumber 182 cucurbit 42, 95 Cucurbitaceae 116 Cucurbitariaceae 299 Cudonia 266-270 Cudoniella 338 Cunninghamella 114,115,119,122

echinulata 126 Cunninghamellaceae 115 Curvularia 313,334

brachyspora 335 Cyanobacteria 168

cyanobacteria 30, 121,270 Cyathus 6 Cylindrocarpon 238,318-320

ianthothele 320 Cylindrocladiella 313

lageniformis 320 Cylindrocladium 313,318,320

floridanum 320 Cylindrotrichum 327 Cyniclomyces 190

guttulatus 180 Cystopage 115 Cystosiphon 64

pythioides 64 Cystotheca 318 Cytarriales 257,259,263,274 Cytospora 241 Cyttaria 169,268 Cyttariales 166,169 Cyttariella 268

Dacampiaceae 299 lJacrymyces 312,336 Dacrymycetales 6 lJactylella 338 lJactylomyces 202 lJaldinia 6, 243 lJaphnia 150, 151 lJebaryomyces 182, 185, 190

formicarius 187 hansenii 182, 184 occidentalis 180 vanrlJl 187

decapod 153 lJekkera 182, 188, 190 lJelacroixia 116 Dematiaceae 309 lJematophora 326 lJendrodochium toxicum 324 lJendrosphaera 202,206,215 lJendrostilbella 313,318 lJensospora 115, 118, 128 Dermateaceae 259,269,318 dermatophyte 315 lJermea 318 Dermocystida 157 lJermocystidium 12, 14 desmid 119, 133, 135 deuteromycetes 221,226,227,233,

312 Deuteromycotina 307,311 lJevelopayella 8, 25, 49, 60 Diademaceae 299 lJiaphanoeca 28 Diaporthales 166, 170, 171,213,221,

223,225,235,240,243,286,329 lJiaporthe 223,235,239,243,329 lJiasporangium 64

jonesianum 64 diatom 13,31 Diatrypaceae 170, 230, 235, 236,

244 Diatrypales 166, 169, 231, 235, 243,

244,326 lJiatrype 235, 244 Dicaryomycotera 161

Dichlaena 202 Dichlaenoideae 206,214 Dichobotrys 313 Dichotomocladium 115,123 Dichototomyces 202 dicot 63 Dicranophora 115, 117, 119

fulva 117 Dicranophoraceae 120 Dictyochaeta 247,329

fertilis 321 Dictyomycotina 6, 15,21 Dictyosporae 309 Dictyostelea 12,23,33 Dictyostelia 12 Dictyostelida 24 Dictyostelium 12

discoideum 23 Dictyozoa 86 Dictyuchus 64

monosporus 64 Didymella 334 Didymosphaeria 303

oblitescens 302 Didymosphaeriaceae 303 Didymosporae 309 Dikaryomycota xii Dimargaris 115,117,120,129

bacillispora 127 Dimargaritaceae 115 Dimargaritales 6,114-117,119-121,

123-125, 127-129, 138,140, 155, 157

Dimeriaceae 301 dinofiagellates 31 Dinozoa 12,24,33 Diplochytridium lagenaria 106 Diplococcium 247 diplomonads 18 Dipodascaceae 190 Dipodascales 162 Dipodascopsis 6,184, 190 Dipodascus 179,190

albidus 189 Dipsacomyces 115,129

acumino:,porus 157 Diptera 19,119,154 Discicrista ta 12 Discinaceae 272 Discomycetes xiii, 6,15,211,212,

257 discomycetes 168, 170, 228, 234, 286,

317,318,326,336-339 Discostroma 244 Discula 223,241 Dispira 115, 117,120, 128, 129 Disporotrichum 312 Dissophora 115 Dothidea 6

puccinioides 295 Dothideaceae 294, 295 Dothideales 165, 166, 172, 173,212,

287,293-295,298,301,329,331, 334

Dothiora 332 Dothioraceae 294

Biosystematic Index

Dothiorales 287 downy mildew 41 downy mildew of vines 40 Drechmeria 338 Drechslera 313,334

papendorii 335 Drosophila 180 Ducellieria 65

chodatii 65 Ducellieriaceae 65, 66 Dutch-elm disease 171

Eccrina 148 Eccrinaceae 148 Eccrinales 6,21,147-154,157 Eccrinidus 148 Eccrinoides 148 Echinosporangium 115

transversale 136 Ectocarpus mitchellae 74

siliculosus 74 Ectrogella 65

bacillariacearum 65 Ectrogellaceae 40, 65 Edyuillia 202 Ejectosporus 148,153,154 Elaphomyces 168,202,206,209,

213-216 Elaphomycetaceae 202,205,206,

213 Elaphomycetales 166,168,213,258 Elina 74

marisalba 74 sinorifica 74

Ellisomyces 115 anomalus 123

Ellobiopsea 12, 24 Ellobiopsids 24, 33 Ellobiopsis 12 Eisinoaceae 289 Embellisia 313 Emericella 202,206,314

nidulans 203,204,208,215,226 Emmonsia 202,312 Encephalitozoon 6 Encoelia 270 Endochytrium operculatum 108 Endocochlus 115 Endogonaceae 115,120,128 Endogonales 6,28, 114,115,

118-121,125,127,128,136 Endogone 115, 128

pisiformis 118,127,128,136 Endomyces 189 190

decipiens 189,190 scopularum 189,190

Endomycetaceae 190 Endomycetales 162,189 Endomycetes xiii, 6, 15, 21, 22 Endosphaerium 65

funiculatum 65 Endothia 243 Endoxyla 244 Englerulaceae 292 Enterobryus 148,153,155 Enterocytozoon 6

Enteromyces 148,153 Enteromycetes xiii, 6, 15,18,21 Enteropogon 148,153 Entoleuca 243

357

Entomophaga 116,138 Entomophthora 116,133,134 Entomophthoraceae 116,133,134 Entomophthorales 6,8,20,99,116,

120, 135, 157 Entophlyctis 106,108

reticulospora 96 rhizina 96 variabilis 98, 99, 103

Entrophospora 115, 129 colombiana 130

Eomycota 5,6,15,30,32 Eozygomycetia 6 Ephelis 325 Epichloe 188,228,231,239,325

typhina 229 Epidermophyton 202, 208 Epulorhiza 312 equine 119 Eremascus 202,204,205,212,

214-216 Eremomycetaceae 295 Eremotheciaceae 182, 190 Eremothecium 179,182, 190

ashbyii 181,182 coryli 185 cymbalariae 182 gossypii 181,182 sinecaudii 182

ergot 325 Ericaceae 315 Erynia 116,119, 134, 135 Eryniopsis 116 Erysiphaceae 268 Erysiphales 166,168,169,212,213,

257,259,265,266,268,269,274, 313,318

Erysiphe 6, 318 Erythrobasidiales 6 Euantennariaceae 293 Euascomycetes xii, 21,189,190,211,

287 Euascomycotina 6, 15 Euasterids 60 Euceratomycetaceae 249 euglenoid 13 Euglenozoa 20 Euglypha 24 Eukaryota 4 Eumycota xii, xiii, 39, 42, 99 Eumyxa 12 Eupenicillium 202,203,206,214,313

subg. Aspergilloides 214 subg. Furcatum 214 subg. Penicillium 214

Eurosids 60 Eurotiaceae 205 Eurotiales 163,201,202,205,

211-216,258,268,314 Eurotium 6, 202,205,206,209, 308,

314 Euryancale 115

358

Eurychasma 65,77 dicksonii 65

Eurychasmataceae 65 Eurychasmidium 65

tumefaciens 65 Eurychasmopsis 45,47,51,56,65

multisecunda 65 Euterpe oleracea 223 Eutryblidiella sabina 172 Eutypa 244 Eutypella 244 Exophiala 331,332

jeanselmei 331 Exserohilum 313,334

longirostratum 335 eyespot disease 265

Fagaceae 162 Fagales 193 Fagus 243 Femsjonia 312,336 Fenestelaceae 303 Fennellia 202 Fennellomyces 115 fern 133,135,193,284 Fibularhizoctonia 312 Fibulomyces 338 Filobasidiella neoformans 181 fish 40 fly 114,225

tabanid 133 Fomes 6 Fomitopsis 337 Fonticula 12, 24 Fonticulida 12 frog 94 Fucophyceae 39 Fungi xiii, 3-6, 8, 9, 13, 15,23,30--32 Fungi Imperfecti 6,9,221,226,307,

311 Furculomyces 148,153

boomerangus 149,157 Furia 116,134 Fusarium 223, 224, 234, 236, 238,

312,313,318,319 oxysporum 319 sambucinum 320 solani 319

Gaeumannomyces 233,243 Galactomyces 179, 190 gasteromycetes 6 Gauthieromyces 148,154 Gelasinospora 233,245,247 Gelimycetes xiii, 6, 15,22 Genestelloides hibernus 154 Genestellospora 153 Geniculosporium 243, 325, 326 Genistelloides 148, 153

hibernus 149, 157 Genistellospora 19, 148,154 Geoglossaceae 169,266,269-271 Geoglossum 270 Geolegnia 46, 65

inflata 65 Geomyces 202,312,315

pannorum 316

Biosystematic Index

Geomycetes xiii, 6, 15, 28 Geosiphon 6,28, 116, 136

pyriforme 121, 136 Geosiphonaceae 116 Geosiphonales 114,116,125,136,

140 Geosmithia 202,214,313 Geotrichopsis 312,336 Geotrichum 190,312,336 Gibbago 313 Gibberella 223,227,236,237,313,

319,325 fujikuroi 234,319

Gigaspora 115,128,129,133 decipiens 133 rosea 130

Gigasporaceae 115,132,140 Gigasporineae 118, 129, 130, 139 Gilbertella 115, 122

persicaria 116,123,126 Gilbertellaceae 115, 120, 122, 123 Glaziella 128,258,272

aurantiaca 168 Glaziellaceae 168 Glaziellales 258, 272 Gliocephalotrichum bulbilium 226 Gliocladiopsis 313 Gliocladium 238,313,318,321-323

penicillioides 322, 323 roseum 322

Gliomastix 322 Glomaceae 116 Glomales 6,28,114,115,118,

120-123,128,129,132, 136, 138-140

Glomerella 223, 240 cingulata 229,240,241

Glomineae 118, 123, 129, 132, 139 Glomomycetes xiii, 6, 15 Glomus 116,118,121,128,130,133,

136, 139 caledonium 130 intraradice 130 mosseae 130

Glotzia 148,153 Glugea 6 Gnomonia 225,243 Gnomoniaceae 235,243 Gonapodyaceae 107 Gongronella 114,115 Gonimochaete 65

horridula 65 Gracea 44,51,65

gracilis 65 grain 334 Graminella 148,153 Graminelloides 148,153,154 grape vine 42 Graphidaceae 168 Graphidiales 168,257,260,269,272,

273 Graphilbum 313 Graphiocladiella 313 Graphium 240, 313,326,327

penicillioides 326 putredinis 324

Graphostroma 244

Graphostromataceae 245 grass 42,170,222,223,238,239,245,

325 bahia 138

grasshopper 114,138 gray mold 182 groundnut (see peanut) Guignardia 332, 334 Gyalectaceae 269 Gyalectales 166,168,257,259 Gymnamoebia 12 Gymnascella 202 Gymnoascaceae 202,205,214 Gymnoascoideus 202 Gymnoascus 202

reessii 203 gymnosperm 32,74,223,284 Gyromitra 168

Haemosporidia 17 Haliphthoraceae 67 Haliphthoros 65

milfordensis 65 Halodaphnea 42,65

parasitica 65 Halodule 88 Haloguignardia 249 Halophila stipulacea 88 Halophytophthora 41,64

vesicula 64 Halosarpheia 225

mediosetigera 249 Halosphaeriaceae 249 Halosphaeriales 166, 171, 172,225,

236,249 Halteromyces 115 Hamigera 202 Hanseniaspora 182, 183, 190 Hansenula 189

canadensis 187 minuta 187 wingei 187

Haplosporidia 16-18 Haplotrichum 337 Haptoglossa 40,61 Haptophyta 13 Harpella 148,153

melusinae 148 Harpellaceae 148,153 Harpellales 6,19,120,140,147-

157 Harpellomyces 148,154 Harpochytriales 99,104,107 Harpochytrium 103, 104, 106 Harposporium 338 Hasegawaea 192

japonicus 192 hazelnut 182 Helicobasidium 336 Helicocephalidaceae 114, 115, 117,

128,138 Helicocephalum 115,123 Helicodendron 318 Helicogermslita 233 Helicogonium 190 Helicoma muelleri 339 Helicosporae 309

Helicosporium phragmitis 339 Helicostylum 115 Helminthophora 313,324 Helminthosphaeria 246,247

clavariarum 246 Helminthosphaeriaceae 247 Helminthosporium 313,334 Helotiales 169,212,257-271,274 Helotium 74 Helvella 168 Helvellaceae 264, 266, 272 Hemiascomycetes xii, 28, 189, 190,

212 Hemiascomycotina 6,15,21 Hemibasidiomycetia 6 Hemicarpentales 202,206 Hemiphacidiaceae 269,270 Hemisphaeriales 286,287,297 hemp 67,68 hepatic 260 Herpomycetaceae 228, 249 Herpotrichiellaceae 173,296, 330,

332 Hessea 6 Hesseltinella 114, 115

vesiculosa 122 Heteranthera dubia 88 Heterobasidiomycetes xii, xiii Heterobasidion 336 Heterokonta xii, 12, 13,25, 64 Heterokontimycotina 24 Heterolobosea 12,23 Heterosporium 332 Hibiscus 182 Hirsutella 325,338

saussurei 324 Hispidicarpomyces 171,247

galaxauricola 249 Hispidicarpomycetaceae 171,249 Histoplasma 202, 205

capsulatum 207,315 Hohenbuehelia 338 Holleya 182 Holmiella 171

sabinae 223 Holwaya 318 Homobasidiomycetes xii, xiii, 6, 15,

22 Homoptera 114 Hormographiella 312 Hormonema 332

dematioides 331, 332 horse 42, 108, 116 Hortaea werneckei 332 human 119,224 Hyalopesotum 313 Hyalorhinocladiella 327 Hyaloscypha 339 Hydatinophagus 65

apsteinii 65 Hydra 16 Hydrocharitaceae 88 Hydromyxomycetes 25 Hymenoascomycetes xii, xiii, 163,

164,166,167,283,288 hymenoascomycetes 234 Hymenoascomycetidae 211

Biosystematic Index

Hymenomycetes xii Hymenomycetia 6, 15 Hymenoscypha clavus 258 Hymenoscyphus 270, 338 Hyphochytrea xiii, 3, 12 Hyphochytriaceae 64,73,78 Hyphochytriales 61,64,68,78,99 hyphochytrid 8,13, 14,33,73 Hyphochytriomycetes xii, xiii, 39,

64,68,78,99 Hyphochytriomycetidae 64 Hyphochytriomycota xii, xiii, 73, 99,

100, 108 Hyphochytrium 74,75,78

catenoides 73-76, 78 infestans 74 oceanum 74 peniliae 74,75

Hyphomucor 115 Hyphomycetes 123,307,309,311,

325,327,330,331,337,338 hyphomycetes 238,259,289 Hypocrea 232,236-238,250,313,

322 jecorina 233

Hypocreaceae 238,312,319 Hypocreales 21, 166, 170,202,213,

222-225,230,232,234-238,240, 313,318-320,322

Hypocrella 239 Hypodermatales 273 Hypomyces 170,237,238,266,313,

324 rosellus 320

Hyponectria 240,245 Hyponectriaceae 170 Hypoxylon 169,243,326 Hypsostromataceae 301 Hysteriaceae 299 Hysteriales 297

Ichthyophonida 157 lchthyophonus 9,12,14 Ichthyosporea 12,22,23,32,157 Ichthyosporeans 22 Icmadophilaceae 269,270 lnduratia 245 Ingoldian fungi 317 lngoldiella 338 lnocybe 117 insect 8,16,19,42,94,113,114,

118-120,135,147,148,153,154, 171,180,182,206,222,224,225, 234,239,240,283,288,292

scale 224,239,289 Insecta 61 invertebrate 63

aquatic 41 lodophanus 313 lsarioidea 314 lsoachlya 65

eccentrica 65 toruloides 55

isopod 147,148, 153 lssatchenkia 190

orientalis 180 scutulata 187

Japanese cherry tree 194 Juniperus commune 223

Karschia 172 Kathistaceae 240 Kathistes 222,225,226,228,232,

236,249,250 Keratinophyton 202 Kickxella 115, 129 Kickxella alabastrina 129, 157 Kickxellaceae 114-117,119,

121-125,127,129, 138,140 Kickxellales 6, 115, 155, 157 Kirkomyces 115 Kloeckera 182, 190 Kluyveromyces 184, 185, 190 Krebspest disease 42 Kriegeriellaceae 294 Kuehniella 202 Kuzuhaea 115, 117

Laboulbenia mexicanum 249 Laboulbeniaceae 249 Laboulbeniales 6,8,21,157,166,

359

171,222,224,225,228,231,232, 234,236,238,249

Laboulbeniineae 228 Laboulbenioascomycetidae 211 Laboulbeniomycetes 171 Labyrinthista 39,64,68 Labyrinthomorpha 25 Labyrinthulaceae 64 Labyrinthulales 64 Labyrinthulea 12,24,25 Labyrinthulidae 12 labyrinthulids 4,5,25 Labyrinthulomycetes Xlll

Labyrinthulomycota 25 Lacustromyces 106 Laetiporus 312 Lagena 65

radicicola 65 Lagenidiales 62, 99 Lagenidium 42, 59

giganteum 64 Lagenisma 64 Lagenismataceae 64 Lagenismatales 39,40,64 Lahmia kunzei 172 Lahmiales 166, 172 Lajasiella 148 Lalaria 190,193 Lambertella 339 Lancisporomyces 148,153,154 Lasiodiplodia theobromae 330,334 Lasiosphaeria 245,247 Lasiosphaeriaceae 247,313,329 late blight of potato 40 Latrostium comprimens 77 leafhopper 325 Lecanactidaceae 289 Lecanactis 6 Lecanidiales 287 Lecanidion 172 Lecanora 6 Lecanorales 166, 168,212,215,

257-259,263-268,271

360

Lecanorineae 271 Lecophagus 128 Lecythophora 313,327 Legerioides 148,153,154 Legeriomyces 148,153 Legeriomycetaceae 148,153 Legeriosimi/is 148,154 legume 170 Leidyomyces 148,153

attenuatus 152 Leiosphaerella 245

selenosporellae 244 Leiothecium 202,214 Leotia 266,267,270

lubrica 270 Leotiaceae 266, 270 Leotiales 164, 166, 168, 169,269,

317 Leotioideae 266 Lepidoptera 325 lepidopteran 114,225 Lepteutypa 245 Leptographium 240,313,326,327 Leptolegnia 65

caudata 65 chapmanii 42

Leptolegniaceae 62,65,66 Leptolegniella 40, 44, 50, 65

keratinophila 65 Leptolegniellaceae 44, 65, 66 Leptomitaceae 58,62, 65, 66, 68 Leptomitales 43,55,57,65,66,68,

99 Leptomitus 43, 44, 50, 65

lacteus 65 Leptosphaeria 334

cercocarpi 300 Letendraeopsis 284 lettuce 42 Leuconectria clusiae 226 Leucostoma 243 Leveillula 313 Lewia 313,334

infectoria 308 Libertella 326 lichen 3,6,164,167-170,172,173,

215,283,284,286,287,289,291, 295,297,303

lichenized fungi 164 Lichenotheliaceae 291 Lichinales 166,168,257,259,270 Lignicola 225 Ligniera 84, 86-88 Liliaceae 169,271 Linderina 115, 129

pennispora 127,129,157 Lipomyces 180, 190 Lipomycetaceae 190 Lobosa 12 Lobosea 12,23,24 lobster 147 Loculoanoteromycetidae 287 loculoascomycetes 223,229,231,

234,247,250,317,329,338,339 Loculoascomycetes xii, xiii, 163,

164,166,167,169,172,211-213, 215,216,269,272,283

Biosystematic Index

Loculoascomycetidae 6, 211 Loculoedaphomycetidae 287 Loculomycetes xiii, 6, 15 Loculoparenchemycetidae 287 Loculoplectascomycetidae 287 locust 114, 138 Lodderomyces 190 Lophiostomataceae 299,303 Lophodermium 169 Loramyces 258 Loramycetaceae 269 Lulworthia 225

thalassiae 249 Lycoperdon 6 lycopod 284 Lyophyllum 337

Macrobiotophthora 116, 133 Macrospora scirpicola 287 Magnaporthaceae Magnaporthe 223,227,335

grisea 335 Magnolia 243 Malbranchea 202,203,205,312,

315 mammal 162 mangrove 284 Manubrispora 14,16-19 Martensella 115, 129

corticii 117, 129 Martensiomyces 115, 129

pterosporus 157 Massariaceae 301, 303 Massarina 338 Massarinaceae 299,303 Massospora 116, 121, 133, 134 Mastigamoeba schizophrenia 18 Mastigina hylae 18 Mastigomycotina 14,99,101 Medeola 169,259

virginiana 271 Medeolaria farlow ii, 169 Medeolariales 166,169,257,259,

271,274 Medusoides 44,63,64

argyrocodium 55, 64 Melanconidaceae 243 Melanochaeta aotearoae 246 Melanomma pulvis-pyrius 302 Melanommataceae 301,335 Melanommatales 166,172,287,

297-299,301-303 Melanomycotina 6, 21 Melanopsamma 322 Melanospora 170,223,230,231,

236,246 zamiae 229,230,246

Melanosporaceae 247 Melanosporales 170, 222, 223,

236 Meliola 249

deformis 249 floridana 229

Meliolaceae 247 Meliolales 166, 171,213,222,249 Meliolina 292 Meliolinaceae 292

Melogramma 225 Membranosorus 86-88

heterantherae 87,88 Menispora 329 Merimbla 202,313 Meristacraceae 116, 135, 139 Meristacrum 116, 133, 139 Mesnieraceae 299 Metacapnodiaceae 173,296 Metamonada 18, 20 Metarhizium 325 Metchnikovellida 18 metchnikovellids 16 Metschnikowia 185,190

pulcherrima 182 Metschnikowiaceae 190 mice 116,119 Microascaceae 235,238 Microascales 166, 170, 171,211-213,

222-225,236,239,240,249,312, 313,326,327

Microascus 171,211,239,327 cinereus 239 trigonosporus 239

Microdochium 245,313,319 Microglossum 270

viride 270 Micromucor 115, 136 Micropeltidaceae 301 Microsphaera 318 Microspora 16 Microsporea xiii, 6, 15, 18 Microsporidia xiii, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9,

14-23,28,30-33 Microsporidiida 16 Microsporum 202,205,208,315

racemosum 316 Microthyriaceae 173, 297 Microthyriales 287 Microthyrium harrimanii 298 midge 147,154 Mi/adina 258, 338 millet 42 millipede 147,148, 153 Mindeniella 64

spinospora 64 Minisporea xiii, 15, 18, 19 Miozoa 12 mite 114,118,133

phoretic 225 Mitrula 258 Mixia 193

osmundae 195 Mixiaceae 193 Modicella 115, 128 Mollisia 269,318, 338 Mollusca 67 Monacrosporium 259,338

subtile 328 Monascaceae 202,205,206 Monascus 202,206,214-216

purpureus 209,214 Monilia 247,313,329

fructigena 333 Moniliaceae 309 Monilinia 313,318

fruiticola 259

Monoblastiaceae 301,303 Monoblepharella 103 Monoblepharidaceae 107 Monoblepharidales 6,93,99, 100,

102-108,157 Monocaryomycotera 161 Monocillium 313 monocot 329 Monographella 245,313

nivalis 319 stoveri 244

Morchella 6,168,260,265 Morchellaceae 264, 266, 272 Mortierella 67,68,114, liS, 120,

125, 136 Mortierellaceae 115,116 Mortierellales 6, 20, 114, 116, 121,

125, 136, 140 Moserella radicola 259 mosquito 42, 149, 154 moss 135,259,284 moth 114 Mucedinaceae 309 Mucor 114,115,117,119,120,125

bainieri 126 piriformis 116 rouxii 123, 124

Mucoraceae 115 Mucorales 6,20,99,114-117,

119-126, 128, 138, 140, 188 mustard 182

oriental 182 Myceliophthora 312

thermophila 316 Mycena 117 Mycetozoa 3-5,12,20,23,24,33 Mycocladus 115 Mycoporaceae 294 Mycosphaerella 173,311, 313, 332,

334 Mycosphaerellaceae 294 Mycotypha 115, 123, 124

africana 126 Mycotyphaceae 115,116,120 Myriangiaceae 289 Myriangiales 166,173,213,286-288,

290 Myriangium duriaei 290 Myrioconium 318,321,323,324 Myriodontium 202 Myriogonium 190 Myrothecium verrucaria 324 Mytilinidiaceae 301 Myxogastrea 12,23,33 myxomycetes 12,23,33 Myxotrichaceae 202,205,214,315,

317 Myxotrichum 202,205,315

chartarum 202 Myxozoa 16 Myxozyma 190 Myzocytiopsidaceae 44,62,65,67,

68 Myzocytiopsidales 41,42,47,51,56,

62,65,67,69 Myzocytiopsis 44,45, 65

lentieularis 52, 65

Biosystematic Index

Myzocytium 64 proliferum 64

Nadsonia 183,190 Naetrocymbaceae 301 Nakataea 335 Nannizzia 202 Nannizziopsis 202 nectarine 116,119 Nectria 6,223,226,236,237,313,

319,320,324,338 cinnabarina 226,313,319 eucurbitula 232 haematococca 229 inventa 322

Nectriaceae 223,224,237,238,319 Nectriella 237 Neetrioidea 322 Neetriopsis 313,322 needle-cast fungi 169 Nellymyces 64

megaceros 64 Nematoetonus 336,338 nematode 41,68,94,114,117,118,

125,128,133,135,238,258,259, 325,336-338

nematophagous fungi 337 Nematophthora 52,65

gynophila 65 Nematospora 182

coryli 185 Neoaraehnotheca 202 Neocallimasticales N eocallimastigaceae 98, 107 Neocallimastigales 6, 18,22,99, 100,

102-108, 157 Neoeallimastix 98,103

frontalis 99 Neogymnomyees 202 Neoleeta 6,30,169,191,192,264

vitellina 188, 192 Neolectales 166,169,192,257,264,

271 Neolectomycetes 169 Neomonada 12,26,157 Neomycota 6-8,14,15,22,28,30,32 Neoneetria 237 Neosartorya 202,209,314 Neotyphodium 313,322,325 Neoxenophila 202 Neozoa 12 Neozygitaceae 116, 135 Neozygites 116 Neozygomycetia 6 Neurospora 6,227,246,247,266,

313,329 crassa 227 tetrasperma 232

Niesslia 237,313 Niessliaceae 224, 232, 236-238 Nitschkiaceae 247 Nodulisporium 243,245,325,326 Nomuraea rileyi 325 Nosema 6

bombycis 14 Nostoc punctiforme 136 Nothofagus 169,259,268

Nowakowskiella 96,98, 106 elegans 107

Nummularia 243 Nyctalis lyeoperdoides 337

Ochrophyta 14,25 Octomyxa 86--88

brevilegniae 88 Octosporomyees octosporus 192 Oedoeephalum 312,313

glomerulosum 317 Oedogoniales 61 Oedogoniomyees 103, 104, 107 Oedogoniomycetaceae 107 Oedogonium 96 Oidiodendron 202,205,209,315

majus 333 Oidiopsis 269,313 Oidium 269,313,318 oilseed 334 okra 116

361

Olpidiaceae 106 Olpidiopsidaceae 62,65 Olpidiopsidales 41,42,44,56,57,

62,65,67 Olpidiopsis 43,44,52,58, 65, 67

saprolegniae 65 varians 74

Olpidium 74,95, 103, 104, 106, 108 brassicae 94,95 eueurbitaeearum 95 maritimum 94 pendulum 94 radicale 95

Oncocladium 202 Onygena 202,205

equina 202 Onygenaceae 202,205,214 Onygenales 163,164,201,202,205,

211,212,214,216,317,336 Oomycetes xiii, 3, 8,12-14,24,25,

28,31-33,61,73,88,99,104 Oomycota xii, xiii, 74-78, 89, 93, 99,

100,108 Oosporidium 190, 191 Opadorhiza 312 Opal in ata 12,14,25 Opalozoa 86 Opegraphaceae 287,289,291 Opegraphales 172, 287, 289 operculate cup fungi 168 Ophioneetria 237 Ophiostoma 6, 171,211,223-225,

230,235,238,240,313,326,327 davidsonii 241 europhioides 241 stenoceras 327 ulmi 171, 229

Ophiostomataceae 235,240 Ophiostomatales 166, 171,210,

212,213,222-225,240,241,312, 326

opisthokonta 22,23,32 Orbilia 317,337,338 Orbiliaceae 259,267,269,270 Orehesellaria 148,153

lattesi 150

362

orchid 114,335 Orphella 148,153,154 Orthomyces 116, 134

aleyrodis 134 Orthomycotina 6, 15 Orthoptera 114 Osmunda japonica 193 Ostropales 166,168,257,259,261,

265,268,271,272 Otideaceae 264, 272 Otthia spiraeae 300 Ovulariopsis 269,313 Oxydothis 244

rhopalostylidis 244

Pachnodium 313 Pachyella 258 Pachymetra 46,65,66

chaunorhiza 55,65 Pachysolen 190

tannophilus 181,184 Paecilomyces 202,204,206,313,

314 farinosus 315, 325 sect.Isarioidea 313,325 variotii 315

Palaeonitella 108 Palavascia 148 Palavasciaceae 148 palm 223,244,245,284 Pandora 116, 134 Para bas alia 18 Paracoccidioides 202

brasiliensis 207 Paramacrinella 148 Paramoebidium 148,150,151,153

curvum 151, 152 Paraperonospora 64

leptosperma 64 Parasitella 115, 120

simplex 117,119 Parataeniella 148,153 Parataeniellaceae 148, 153 Parmulariaceae 292 Parodiellaceae 299 Parodiopsidaceae 292 Paspalum notatum 138 Passalomyces 148,153 Patellaria 172 Patellariaceae 223 Patellariales 166,172,287,291,292 peach 116 peach leaf cur! 162, 194 peanut 116,210 pe ar 116 peat moss 224 Pectinotrichum 202 Pedomycetidae 21 Peltigera 6 Peltigerales 166,168,212,271 Peltigerineae 271 Penicilliopsis 202 Penicillium 6,121,164,202-206,

208-210,214-216,224,313-315, 322

biverticillium 233 camembertii 209

Biosystematic Index

chrysogenum 210,315 digitatum 182 italicum 182 jensenii 209 mameffei 208 roquefortii 209 sclerotiorum 204 subg. Biverticillium 313

Pennella 148, 153, 154 Percolozoa 12,18,23,24,33 Perisporiales 287 Perissodactyla 108 Peronophythora 64

litchi 64 Peronosclerospora 65

sacchari 65 Peronospora 41,44,46,48,60,61,

64 rumicis 40, 64

Peronosporaceae 42,47,60,63, 64

Peronosporales 32,41,42,44,48, 55,56,60,63,64,67,69,99

Peronosporomycetes xii, xiii, 39, 61,64,99

Peronosporomycetidae 31,43,49, 52,59,60,62-64,69

Peronosporomycotina 40, 64 Pertusariales 166, 168,271 Pertusariineae 271 Pesotum 313 Pestalosphaeria 232, 245, 326

leucospermi 244 Pestalotia 326 Pestalotiopsis 245 Petersenia 65

lobata 65 Petriella 239

guttulata 239 Petromyces 202, 204 Pezicula 318 Peziza 6,263,265,313 Pezizaceae 264, 266, 272 Pezizales 164, 166, 168, 169 212,

213,257-260,263-267,270,272, 273,317

Phacidiaceae 169,270 Phacidiales 273 Phaeosphaeria 173 Phaeosphaeriaceae 299 Phaeotrichaceae 303 Phaeotrichum 231,303

hystrincum 231 Phagomyxa 24 Phagomyxida 86 Phallus 6 Phanerochaete 312

chrysosporium 337 Phascolomyces 115

articulosus 120, 126 Phialoascus 190 Phialocephala 313,327 Phialographium 313 Phialophora 179,247,313,318,327,

331,332 verrucosa 321

Phillipsia 263

Phillipsiellaceae 289 Phlebia 336, 337 Phloeospora 332 Phlyctochytrium 96 Phoma 334

glomerata 330 Phomopsis 241,329 Phragmosporae 309 Phycomyces 115, 125 Phycomycetaceae 115,120, 124 Phycomycetes 13,14,61,99,100 Phyllachora 170, 241

ateleiae 241 Phyllachoraceae 240,241,313,

329 Phyllachorales 166,169,170,222,

223,240,241,319,322,329 Phyllactinia 313 Phyllosticta 334 Physarum 12

polycephalum 23 Physoderma 95,100,101,104

maydis 95 Phytomyxa 12, 32 Phytomyxea xiii, 12, 24, 86 Phytophthora 9,41,43,45,47,48,

51,52,56,59,60,64,68 cryptogea 50 infestans 40-42,63 megakarya 41

Phytophthoraceae 63 Pichia 183,185,189, 190

bispora 184 fermentans 182 guilliermondii 182 japonica 184 kluyveri 182 lindneri 187 pastoris 182 stipitis 181 subpelliculosa 182

Pilaira 115,122-125 anomala 122

Pilobolaceae 115,122-124 Pilobolus 115,116,125 pine, Scots 128 Pinus sylvestris 128 Piptocephaladaceae 114-117,119,

121, 128, 138 Piptocephalis 114,115,117,120,

128 lepidula 127 virginiana 120 xenophila 127

Pirella 115, 123 circinans 123

Piromyces minutus 99 Planistromellaceae 295 Plantae 4,23,30-32 Plasmodiophomycota 99,100 Plasmodiophora 12,24,82,86,88

bicaudata 88 brassicae 81,82,54-89 diplantherae 88

Plasmodiophoraceae 86, 100, 104 Plasmodiophorales 61,81,86,99 Plasmodiophorida 3,23,86

Plasmodiophoridae 86 plasmodiophorids 4,5,9,24,32,33,

81 Plasmodiophoromycetes xii, xiii, 40,

61,81 Plasmodiophoromycota xii, xiii, 77,

81,99 Plasmopara 48, 64

pygmaea 64 viticola 40

Platystomataceae 299, 303 Plecopteromyces 148,153,154 Plectascales 210,286, 287 Plectoascomycetidae 210 Plectomycetes xii, xiii, 6, 12, 15, 163,

168,201,212,235,287,288 Plectosphaerella 240,313

cucumerina 240, 319 Plectospira 65

myriandra 65 Plectosporium 313,319

tabacinum 321 Pleistophora 6 Pleistophorida 6 Pleochaeta 313 Pleocystidium 42, 65, 67

parasiticum 65 Pleomassariaceae 299, 301 Pleospora 6, 173,313,334

tarda 300 Pleosporaceae 213,299,333 Pleosporales 166,172,173,212,287,

297-301,303,329,333 Plerogone 59, 65

helodes 65 Pleurotremaceae 245 Pleurotremataceae 301 plum pockets 162 Pneumocystidaceae 190 Pneumocystidales 162,190,192 Pneumocystis 6,14,16,179,189,

190,192 carinii 162,191

Poaceae 60 Poales 42, 66 Pocheina 12 podocarp 288 Podochytrium 106 Podosphaera 318 Podospora 226,245,247

anserina 227 bifida 246 globosa 246

Podostroma 237 Poitrasia 115,122,125 Polymyxa 82,86,88

betae 81,84,88 graminis 81,87-89

Polypaecilum 202 Polyphagus 106 Polyporales 336 polypore 170 Polystigmina 240 Polystomellaceae 301 Polytolypa 202 Polytoma 31 Pontederiaceae 88

Biosystematic Index

Pontisma 51,65 lagenidioides 65

Pontismataceae 65 Porphyra 17 Potamogetonaceae 88 potato 40,41,81,88,95 potato wart disease 95 powdery mildews 169,318 powdery scab of potato 81 Pringsheimia 332 Prokaryota 4 Pronectria 237 Prostrata 322 Protalveolata 12, 24 Protista 73,86,93, 99 Protoachlya 65

paradoxa 65 Protocreopsi 237 Protoctista 81, 86, 93, 155 protoctists 73 Protomyces 6, 179, 181, 189-191,

193, 194 inouyei 191,193 inundatus 191

Protomycetaceae 190,192 protomycetalean fungi 181 Protomycetales 162,189,190, 192,

193,195,287 Protomycocladus 115 Protomycopsis 193 Protostelea 12, 23, 33 Protostelium 12 Prototaphrina 191 Prototheca 31 protozoa 40,89,192 Protozoa xiii, 3, 4, 12, 15,22,23,25,

30,31,33,81,86 Pseudallescheria 238

boydii 224 Pseudeurotiaceae 236 Pseudocercosporella 332

herpotrichoides 318 Pseudoeurotiaceae 205,211,213 Pseudofungi 3-5,8, 9, 12, 13,24,25,

30,33 Pseudogliomastix 313

protea 322 Pseudogymnoascus 202,205,312,

315 Pseudomycota xii, xiii, 4 Pseudoperisporiaceae 301 Pseudoperonospora 47,64

cubensis 64 Pseudopeziza 259,264 Pseudosphaeriaceae 295, 301 Pseudosphaeriales 286 Pseudosphaerita 61 Pseudovalsa 243 Psilopezia 258 Psorospermium 14 Pteridiospora 115, 128 pteridophyte 32 Pteromaktron 148,154 Ptychogaster 336,337

rubescens 337 Pulveria 235 Punctularia 336

363

Pycnoporellus 312 Pyrenochaeta 332

unguis-hominis 330 pyrenomycetes 169,221,264-266,

286,317,338 Pyrenomycetes xiii, 6, 15,202,

211-213 Pyrenophora 173, 301, 313 Pyrenophoraceae 299 Pyrenulaceae 301 Pyrenulales 166,172,187,268,298,

301 Pyricularia 227,335

grisea 335 Pyronema 265 Pyronemataceae 272 Pythiaceae 40,41,55,58,59,63,64,

67,68 Pythiales 32,41,51,55-57,63,64 Pythiella 65

vernalis 65 Pythiogeton 43, 63, 64

utriforme 64 Pythiogetonaceae 41,44,57,63,

64 Pythiopsis 50, 64

cymosa 64 Pythium 9,40-49,51,52,57-59,63,

64,66-68,84,88 echinulatum 55 insidiosum 42 lucens 46 lutarium 46, 55 middletonii 50 monospermum 50,63,64 myriotylum 41 torulosum 49

Pyxidiophora 21,225-228,231,232, 234,236,249

Pyxidiophoraceae 157, 171, 249 Pyxidiophorales 6, 21 Pyxomycetalia 32

Radiomyces 115 spectabilis 126

Radiomycetaceae 115, 116, 120 Raffiesia 30 Ramacrinella 148 Ramularia 332 Raperia 202 rat 116 Renispora 202,214 Requienellaceae 301, 303 Reticulocephalis 115, 117

clathroides 117 gryosus 117

Retrostium 247 amphiroae 249

Rhexographium 313 rhinoceros 108 Rhinocladiella 331

atrovirens 331 Rhipidiaceae 41,44,63,64,68 Rhipidiales 56, 63, 64 Rhipidiomycetidae 47, 58, 59 Rhipidium 64

interruptum 64

364

Rhizidiomyces 74,75,77,78 apophysatus 73-78 bivellatus 77 hansonii 77

Rhizidiomycetaceae 64, 73, 78 Rhizidiomycopsis 77 Rhizinaceae 272 Rhizoctonia 312,335,336

crocorum 336 solani 336

Rhizomucor 115, 119 Rhizophlyctis 103, 106

harderi 99 oceanis 100 rosea 94,96,98,99,108

Rhizophydium 95, 96, 106, 107 graminis 95 mamillatum 96 sphaerocarpum 96

Rhizopodopsis 115 Rhizopus head rot of sunflower 116 Rhizopus 115, 119, 120

oryzae 116 stolonifer 116

Rhizostilbella 313 Rhodosticta 240 Rhodotorula 191

glutinis 192 Rhopalomyces 115, 128

apiculatus 127 elegans 120, 127

Rhytidhysteron 172 rufulum 292

Rhytisma 6, 169 Rhytismataceae 273 Rhytismatales 166,169,257,

259-261,263-265,273 rice 209 rice blast 335 Roccellaceae 289,291 Rogersonia striolata 233 Rosaceae 162 Rosales 193 Rosellinia 243, 326 rotifer 41,94, 117, 119, 125, 128 Rozella 61,95, 103, 106 Rozellopsidales 40 Rozellopsis 61 Ruppia 88

maritima 83 Russulaceae 237 rust 325 Rutstroemia 338 Rutstroemiaceae 269,274 rye 170

Saccharomyces 6, 183, 185, 189, 190

cerevisiae 181-185 Saccharomycetaceae 190 Saccharomycetales 162,190-192 Saccharomycetes xii, xiii, 161, 162,

222 Saccharomycodaceae 190 Saccharomycodes 183, 190

ludwigii 183 Saccharomycopsidaceae 190

Biosystematic Index

Saccharomycopsis 190 capsularis 185

Sagenista 12, 25 Sagenoma 202 Sagenomella 202 Saitoella 179,189-192,194

complicata 191-193 Saksenaea 115,119 Saksenaeaceae 115 Salicaceae 162 Salilagenidiaceae 65, 67 Salilagenidiales 41,42,47,57,62,65,

66 Salilagenidium 42,59,65

callinectes 65 Salix 169 salmon 42 Salpingoeca 28 Salpingoecidae 26, 28 Saprolegnia 40,41,43,45,48,55,58,

59,64,76 diclina 50,76 ferax 50, 64, 76 hypogyna 50 litoralis 55 parasitica 50 terrestris 55 turfosa 50

Saprolegniaceae 40,41,43,45,48, 55,58,59,63,64,66-68

Saprolegniales 41,42,47,55,57,62, 64,66,77,99

Saprolegniomycetidae 31,43,49,50, 52,57,59,60,62,64,66,69

Sapromyces 43,44,64 elongatus 45,64

Sarawakus 237 Sarcomastigota 12 Sarcoscyphaceae 264-266,272,273 Sarcosomataceae 265, 266, 272,

273 Sarophorum 202 Saturnispora 190 Sawadaea 318 Schizoblastosporion 190

starkeyi-henricii 180 Schizosaccharomyces 6,179,184,

187, 189-192 japonicus 192 octosporus 182, 183, 192 pombe 184, 191, 192

Schizosaccharomycetaceae 190 Schizosaccharomycetales 162,189,

190,192 Schizothyriaceae 289 Schwanniomyces castellii 187

occidentalis 187 Sclerocleista 202 Sclerocystis 133 Sclerogone 115, 128 Sclerophthora 65

macrospora 65 Sclerospora 44, 48, 60, 65

graminicola 65 Sclerosporaceae 42, 63, 65, 66 Sclerosporales 41,42,65-67 Sclerotinia 169,264

Sclerotiniaceae 259,260,264-266, 269,274,318

Sclerotium 312,318,336 rolfsii 336

Scolecosporae 309 Scoliolegnia 48, 65

asterophora 55, 65 blelhamensis 46 subeccentrica 55

Scopulariopsis brevicaulis 315,327 Scorias spongiosa 293 Scrophulariaceae 88 Scutellospora 115, 129

cerradensis 130 heterogama 130

sedge 222, 223 Selenosporella 224, 245 Septobasidiales 6 Septochytrium willoughbyi 98 Septomycetes xiii, 6, 15, 22 Septomycotina 6 Septoria 332, 334 Setosphaeria 313 Seuratiaceae 288 Seynesiella sequoiae 298 Shanorella 202 sheep 222 shrimp 42 Sibirina 313,324 Sigmoideomyces 115

dispiroides 117 divaricatus 117

Sigmoideomycetaceae 115, 117, 120, 128

silkworm 16 Simuliomyces 148, 153

spica 149, 154 Sirolpidiaceae 65 Sirolpidium 65

bryopsidis 65 Sistotrema 338 slime mold xiii, 5, 9, 23, 32, 33, 61,

223 slime mould (see slime mold) Smittium 20,148,149,153,154

culicis 154 culisetae 154, 157 morbosum 149

snake 67 Solanum 42 Sommerstorffia 64

spinosa 64 Sordaria 6,226,227,230,245-247

fimicola 246 Sordariacaeae 233,247 Sordariales 166, 170, 171,212,222,

223,225,232-236,238,245-247, 319,327,329

sorghum 138 Sorghum vulgare 138 Sorochytriaceae 107 Sorochytrium milnesiophthora 98 Sorodiscus 86-88

callitrichis 88 heterantherae 87

Sorosphaera 87 veronicae 84,87,88

soybean 182,209 Spartiella 148,153 Spathularia 266-268, 270 Spathulariopsis 270 Spathulospora 6, 171,247

calva 249 phycophila 249

Spathulosporaceae 249 Spathulosporales 166, 171,247,

249 Spermophothorales 162 Sphacelia 325 Sphaerella 173 Sphaeria scirpi 287 Sphaeriales 286 Sphaerita 61 Sphaerocreas 128 Sphaeronaemella 223,226, 239

fimicola 239 Sphaerostilbella 313,322 Sphaerotheca 318 spider 119,133,239,325 Spinalia 115, 129 Spinellus 115,117,119 Spiniger 312 Spirodactylon 115,129

aureum 157 Spirogyra 96 Spiromastix 202 Spiromyces 115, 129,157

aspiralis 157 Spizellomyces 99,107, 108 Spizellomycetaceae 106 Spizellomycetales 6,14,93,99-107,

157 Splanchnonema 313 Spongomonas 24 Spongospora 87

subterranea 81-88 Sporidiales 6 Sporidiomycetidae 6, 15 Sporodiniella 115

umbellata 119 Sporopachydermia 190 Sporormiaceae 301 Sporoschisma 247 Sporoschismopsis 247 Sporothrix 240,312,336,327

schenkii 224,327,328 Sporotrichum 312,336,337

aureum 337 Sporozoa 8,9,16-18,24 Spraguea 6 Squamanita 337 squash 116 Stachybotrys 318,322

chartarum 221,321,322 Stachylina 148,153 Stachylinoides 148,153,154 Staurosporae 309 Stemonitis 12 Stemphylium 313 Stephanoascus 190,191,312 Sterigmatomyces halophilus 187

indicus 187 Stichococcus 268 Stictis radiata 272

Biosystematic Index

Stilbaceae 309 Stilbella 313

fimetaria 324 Stilbodendron 202 Stilbothamnium 202 Stilbum 313 Stipella 148, 153 stonefly 154 Stramenipila (see Stramenopila) Stramenopila xii, 12,39,40, 62, 64,

73 stramenopile 48,60,61,78 straminipile (see straminopile) Strattonia insignis 246 strawberry 116 Streptopodium 269 Strigulaceae 303 Stromatoneurospora 245 Strongwellsea 116

magna 133, 134, 136 Stylopage 115

rhabdospora 125 Subbaromyces 222,225,228,234,

236,249,250 Subulicystidium 339 sugar beet 84 sunflower 42, 116 sweet potato 116 Sydowia 332 Symbiotaphrina 191

buchneri 188 Sympodiomyces 190,191 Syncephalastraceae 115, 116, 123 Syncephalastrum 114,115

racemosum 123, 126 Syncephalis 115,117,120,127,

128 Synchytriaceae 98 Synchytrium 95,103-106

endobioticum 95 macrosporum 95

Syzygangia 42,51,65 marchaliana 65

Syzygites 115,117,119 megalocarpus 117

Tabanomyces 133 Taeniella 148 Taeniellopsis 148 Taeniospora 338 Talaromyces 202,206,209,214,313,

314 Tapesia 265

yallundae 318 Taphridium 193 Taphrina 6,30,162,179,189-195

californica 188, 195 cerasi 194 deformans 191,194 farlowii 188, 195 osmundae 193 wiesneri 191,193,194

Taphrinaceae 190,193 taphrinalean fungi 181 Taphrinales 161,162,189,190, 193,

195,287 Taphrinomycetes xiii, 6, 14, 15,21

Taphrinomycotina 169 tar-spot fungi 169 tardigrade 98, 114, 133, 135 Tarichium 116 Teichospora 173 Teloschistales 166, 168, 271 Teloschistineae 271 Tetracladium setigerum 339 Tetramitia 12 Tetramyxa 87, 88

365

parasitica 83, 88 Thallassomyces 12,24 Thamnidiaceae 115, 116, 120, 123 Thamnidium 115

elegans 126 Thamnocephalis 115, 117

quadrupedata 128 sphaerospora 128

Thamnostylum 115 Thanatephorus 6 Thanatophytum 312,336 Thaxterosporium 116 Thelebolaceae 265,270,272 Thelebolus 265,266,268,272 Thermoascus 202,214 Thermomucor 115 Thielavia 312 Thraustochytriaceae 64 Thraustochytriales 64 thraustochytrid 3-5,9,12, 14,22,24,

33,94 Thraustochytridae 12 Thraustotheca 64

clavata 64 thrip 325 Thuemenella 243

cubispora 232 Thyridiaceae 303 Thyridium vestitum 303 Tieghemiomyces 115, 117, 120, 129 Tilletiales 6 Tolypocladium 323, 325

infiatum 323 tomato 88, 116, 182 Torrubiella 239, 322, 325 Torulaspora 190

delbrueckii 182 Torulomyces 202,313 Torulopsis pintolopesii 187 Trachysphaera 41,64

fructigena 64 Trametes 337 Tremellales 6 Trentepohlia 268, 269 Triangularia 245 Triblidiales 166,168,257,258,273 Tribophyceae 39 Tricellula aquatica 339 Tricharina 336 Trichocoma 202,205,206, 215

paradoxa 212 Trichocomaceae 202,205,214,313 Trichocomoideae 206,214 Trichodelitschia 303 Trichoderma 223,224,238,250, 313,

318,321-323 atroviride 323

366

flavofuscum 323 pachybasium 323 parceramosum 323 virens 234, 322

Trichoglossum 270 Tricholomataceae 312,338 Trichometasphaeria 313 Trichomonascus 190 Trichomycetes xii, xiii, 113, 120, 147,

148 trichomycetes 4, 20, 21 Trichopeltidaceae 173, 297 Trichophaea 313 Trichophyton 202,203,205,208, 315

rubrum 316 Trichosphaeria 246

pilosa 246 Trichosphaeriaceae 243,247 Trichosphaeriales 166, 169, 170,

246 Trichotheliales 166, 169, 170 Trichothyriales 166, 173,286,

296-298 Trichozygospora 148,154

chironomidarum 149,154 Tricladium 339 Trigonopsis 190 Trimastix 18 Triparticalcar arcticum 99 Tripospermum camelopardus 339 Tripospora tripos 231 Tripterosporaceae 247 truffle 168 Trypetheliaceae 301,303 Tuber 6,259,272 Tuberaceae 272 Tuberales 213, 260, 272 Tubercularia 226,313,319

vulgaris 324 Tuberculariaceae 309 Tubeujia 163 Tubeufiaceae 299,339 Tulasnella 6 turkey 210 Typhula 312, 318, 336

Ugola 337 Ulocladium 313

chartarum 335 Umbelliferae 193 Umbelopsis 115, 136 Umbilicarineae 271 Uncinocarpus 202,208,214 Uncinula 318 Unitunicatae 287 Uredinales 6 Urediniomycetes xii, xiii, 193 Uredomycetidae 15 Urnula 259 Urophlyctis 95 Usnea 6

Biosystematic Index

Ustilaginales 6,20 Ustilaginomycetes xii, xiii Ustomycetes xiii, 6, 15,22 Utharomyces 115, 122

epallocaulus 122

Valetoniella 232 Valsa 243 Valsaceae 243 Valsales 286 Valsaria 303 Varicosporina 225 Varicosporium elodeae 339 Vaucheria 96 Venturia 6, 173 Venturiaceae 299 Veronica 87,88 Verpa 168 Verrucalvaceae 66 Verrucalvus 43,44,47,65

flavofaciens 55,65 Verrucaria 6

muralis 296 Verrucariales 166, 173,287,295,

296 vertebrate 41,63 Verticicladiella 225,313,327 Verticillium 238,313,318,321,322,

324,338 albo-atrum 321 luteo-album 322 sect. Albo-Erecta 313 sect. Nigrescentia 313 sect. Prostrata 313,325 tenerum 322

Vesiculomyces 117 citrinus 129

Vibrissea 258 Vibrisseaceae 269 virus 81,227 Vizellaceae 301 Volkartia 193

Wallemia 202 sebi 337

Wallrothiella 313 subiculosa 322

Warcupiella 214 Wardomyces 327 water mold 41 watercress 81, 83 Wettsteinina 301 wheat 88 white fly 325 white rust 3 Wickerhamia 183, 190 Wickerhamiella 190 Williopsis 190 witches' broom 194 wood barer 180 Woronina 84,87,88

pythii 84, 85 Wynnea 263

Xanthopyreniaceae 301 Xanthoria 6 Xenocylindrocladium 313 Xenogliocladiopsis 313 Xenolophium guianense 302 Xenotypa 243 Xeromyces 202 Xylaria 6, 169,226,235,243,326

cubensis 223, 226 Xylariaceae 169,226,232,233,325,

326 Xylariales 166,169,170,222,223,

225,235,236,240,243,245,247, 301,304,325

Xylocoremium 226,243 Xynophila 202

Yarrowia 190 lipolytica 181

yeast 8,32,179,286-288 black 163,330 budding 162, 189 fission 162, 189

Youngia japonica 193 Youngiomyces 115, 128

Zanclospora 247 Zannichellia 88 zooflagella te 14 Zoomycetes xiii, 6, 15, 19, 20 Zoopagaceae 115,117,119,125,218 Zoopagales 6,114-117,119,

121-125,127,128,138-140,337 Zoopage 115 Zoophagus 115,119, 128 Zoophthora 116, 134 Zopfiaceae 303 Zopjiella rhizophila 229 Zostera 88 Zosteraceae 88 Zosterella dubia 88 Zychaea 115 Zygnematales 61 Zygnemomyces 116, 121,133,134,

139 Zygoascus 190 Zygomycetes xii, xii, 4, 6,15,20,21,

61, 113, 125, 133, 157, 192 Zygomycota xii, xiii, 39, 74, 75, 99,

108,113,147,272 Zygomycotina 6,14,15,17,19-22,

28,32,99 Zygopolaris 148,154 Zygorhizidium 106 Zygorhynchus 114,115 Zygosaccharomyces 182, 184, 190 Zygozyma 190

dermatitidis 315