211T. Yamano et al. (eds.), Emerging Development of Agriculture in East Africa: Markets, Soil, and Innovations, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-1201-0, © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011

AAgricultural Inputs Supply Corporation

(AISCO), 41Agricultural Inputs Supply Enterprise (AISE),

41, 42, 61, 62Agricultural technology, 4, 5, 9–12, 17,

27, 43, 77, 102, 120, 136, 188, 201

AISCO. See Agricultural Inputs Supply Corporation

AISE. See Agricultural Inputs Supply Enterprise

ArcGIS, 28, 50Artificial insemination, 78, 80, 190

CCAN, 44Carbon content, 119, 123, 126–128, 193,

195–196, 198, 207Cash crops, 41, 44, 154,

165, 171CBE. See Commercial Bank of EthiopiaCereal crops, 9, 10, 14, 15, 24, 40, 44, 46, 48,

66, 121, 140, 142, 158, 162, 170, 190–191, 201, 207

Chemical fertilizer, 61, 123, 154, 162, 170, 183

CIMMYT. See International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center

Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE), 62Cooperatives, 41, 42, 44–45, 60–62,

68, 74, 80, 81, 83, 87–91, 93, 189, 205

Cropping pattern, 156, 158, 161–165

Cross breeds, 10, 134, 135Cultivation practices, 17, 170–173, 175–177,

179–181

DDairy production, 16, 17, 77, 86, 95, 96,

135, 136DAP, 43–56, 124DAP-maize relative price, 124Developing countries, 23, 60, 85, 87,

96, 206Difference-in-differences, 67

EEast Africa, 4, 6–13, 15–17, 39–57, 117–131,

134, 187–201, 203–210Ethiopia, 4, 5, 11–12, 14, 15, 41–48, 50,

52–56, 59–72, 118, 188, 190–192, 194, 198–201, 205, 206, 208, 209

Extension services, 56, 72, 86, 88, 89, 91, 135, 150, 165

FFASID. See Foundation for Advanced Studies

on International DevelopmentFE. See Fixed effectsFE-IV model, 107, 110, 111Fertilizer

credit, 9, 15, 40–42, 44, 45, 55, 56, 59–72, 118, 188, 191–192, 198, 205, 206

policies, 9, 10, 15, 39–57, 60–62prices, 7, 9–10, 15, 16, 40, 42, 44, 46, 50,

52, 53, 55, 56, 117, 124, 128, 130, 131, 133, 154, 188, 206

use, 5, 9, 10, 15–17, 39–46, 50, 53–56, 60, 62–64, 66, 69–71, 117–131, 135, 158, 176, 191, 206, 210

Fixed effects (FE), 51, 67–71, 76, 82, 92, 107–111, 120, 122, 125, 127, 142, 143, 146, 148, 149, 161, 162, 193

Subject Index

212 Subject Index

Food crops, 5, 24, 41, 43, 134, 154, 159, 162Foundation for Advanced Studies on

International Development (FASID), 12, 14, 62, 102, 136

GGeographical information systems (GIS), 8, 14,

28, 34, 50, 51, 89, 92, 95, 189–190, 194GIS. See Geographical information systemsGreen Revolution, 9, 17, 40, 135, 157,

169–183, 188, 203, 208–210GRIPS. See National Graduate Institute

for Policy Studies

HHigh-yielding variety (HYV), 16, 61, 65–67,

71–72, 118, 122, 123, 125, 127–131, 135, 205–207

HYV. See High-yielding variety

IIFPRI. See International Food Policy InstituteILRI. See International Livestock Research

InstituteImproved cattle, 10, 93–96, 134–143,

145–150, 196–200, 204Improved cows, 5, 17, 78–80, 141, 204–206,

208, 209Induced innovation, 204Information technology, 8, 16, 99, 101Inorganic fertilizer, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 15–17,

39–41, 43–46, 48–50, 53, 55–56, 60–64, 66, 67, 69–71, 117–119, 122, 124, 125, 127–131, 133–135, 138, 150, 162, 188–189, 204–209

International Food Policy Institute (IFPRI), 13, 102, 136

International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), 14, 77, 89, 194

International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 48

International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 171

IRRI. See International Rice Research Institute

JJapan International Cooperation Agency

(JICA), 17, 170–175, 177, 178, 180, 182JICA. See Japan International

Cooperation Agency

KKARI. See Kenya Agricultural

Research InstituteKCC. See Kenya Cooperative CreameryKenya, 4, 5, 11–17, 23–37, 40–48, 50, 52–57,

62, 73–83, 85–97, 103, 108, 118, 120–131, 188–196, 198–201, 204–209

Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), 13, 77, 89

Kenya Cooperative Creamery (KCC), 74, 75, 80, 81, 83, 86–91, 93, 94

LLand degradation, 10, 11, 14, 119, 134,

140–141, 188LC1. See Local Council 1Leveling, 5, 9, 15, 16, 24, 25, 27, 33–35,

39–41, 43, 46, 50, 51, 53, 55, 56, 61, 63, 64, 66, 67, 69, 71, 75–76, 82, 86, 87, 92, 95, 100, 101, 105–112, 118, 120, 125–131, 133–136, 139, 141–144, 146, 157, 158, 161, 162, 165, 170, 172, 176–183, 209

Local Council 1 (LC1), 12, 28, 102, 106–108, 121

Logit, 68, 92–94, 106Lowland rice, 11, 12, 17, 156, 169–184, 204,

206, 207, 209

MMakerere University, 12, 13, 28, 102,

121, 136Marginal physical product (MPP), 118, 124,

125, 128–130Market

access, 4–12, 14–17, 24, 28, 34, 36, 49–54, 89, 95, 96, 187–201, 205–207

institutions, 4, 8, 26, 74integration, 7–8, 23–24, 36, 73–74liberalization, 4, 16, 74, 75, 83, 87,

96, 205reform, 8, 9, 15, 40, 41, 43, 74, 86–88

MDGs. See Millennium Development Goals

Milk market, 16, 73–83, 86–89, 91, 93, 96, 136, 198, 204–205

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), 153–154

Mobile phone, 8, 16, 99–112, 206MPP. See Marginal physical productMultinomial Logit Model, 93, 94, 106

213Subject Index

NNARO. See National Agricultural

Research OrganizationNational Agricultural Research Organization

(NARO), 136, 140National Cereals and Produce Board (NCPB),

25, 26National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies

(GRIPS), 12–14, 62, 102NCPB. See National Cereals

and Produce BoardNear-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

(NIRS), 11–12, 14, 121, 136NERICA. See New Rice for AfricaNew Rice for Africa (NERICA), 10–12, 17,

153–165, 204, 206–207, 209NIRS. See Near-infrared reflectance

spectroscopyNitrogen-maize relative price, 124, 125,

129, 130Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

(NPK), 44NPK. See Nitrogen, phosphorus

and potassium

OOLS model. See Ordinary least squares

(OLS) modelOM. See Organic matterOpen-pollinated variety (OPV), 118,

122, 129Optimal fertilizer use, 117–131OPV. See Open-pollinated varietyOrdinary least squares (OLS) model,

34, 120, 126–128, 143, 149, 161, 178, 180, 183

Organic fertilizer, 10, 16, 17, 123, 137, 143, 149, 196, 204, 207–210

Organic matter (OM), 10, 128, 137, 140, 147, 149

PPanel data, 3, 5, 6, 11, 12, 15–17, 25,

36, 40, 51, 60, 62, 71, 74–77, 83, 86, 92, 96, 100, 112, 118, 120, 125, 134, 136, 139, 142, 150, 188, 192–193

pH, 123, 140, 141, 147, 149, 193–195, 197

Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to End Poverty (PASDEP), 59, 61–62

Poverty, 3–5, 7, 10–12, 16, 17, 24, 27, 36, 37, 43, 56, 59, 77, 86, 102, 112, 120, 136, 153–165, 187–190, 200, 208

PPE. See Precipitation over potential evapotranspiration ratio

Precipitation over potential evapotranspiration ratio (PPE), 34, 36, 50–55, 94, 95

Priceratio, 4, 34, 46–50, 53–55, 118, 125, 135spread, 15, 16, 23–37, 74–76, 80,

81, 205Private processors, 83, 86, 87, 90, 91, 93Probit, 92, 107–109, 121–122, 159, 160,

178–180Production

function, 8, 119integration, 15, 134, 135, 208

RRandom effects (RE), 92, 146, 148, 192RATIN. See Regional Agricultural Trade

Intelligence NetworkRE. See Random effectsRecycled HYV maize, 16, 118, 122,

127–130, 207Regional Agricultural Trade Intelligence

Network (RATIN), 25–28RePEAT. See Research on Poverty,

Environment, and Agricultural Technology

Research on Poverty, Environment, and Agricultural Technology (RePEAT), 5, 12–14, 16, 27, 43, 62, 77, 79, 102, 120, 136, 155–157, 164

Road infrastructure, 204–205

SSDP. See Smallholder Dairy ProjectSDPRP. See Sustainable Development and

Poverty Reduction ProgramSemiparametric endogenous switching model,

125, 126, 128Smallholder Dairy Project (SDP), 5, 13–14,

77, 81, 86Smallholder farmers, 41, 61, 137Soil

fertility, 6–12, 14, 16, 17, 34–36, 51, 52, 54, 55, 67, 119–120, 134, 135, 140–142, 145, 147–149, 153–165, 187–201, 204, 205, 207–210

nutrient, 4, 10, 16, 119, 134, 135, 141, 150, 158, 193, 207

214 Subject Index

Soil organic matter (SOM), 10, 14, 34, 51, 119, 140–141, 148, 150, 191

SOM. See Soil organic matterSSA. See Sub-Saharan AfricaStall feeding, 10, 134, 135, 141, 145, 208Straight row planting, 170, 176, 180–183Structural adjustment, 7, 9, 10, 24, 25, 40,

42–43, 73–74, 118Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), 7–11, 15–17,

23–24, 39, 48, 118, 130, 133, 134, 154, 157, 165, 169–183, 188, 203–204, 208–210

Sustainable Development and Poverty Reduction Program (SDPRP), 59, 61

TTechnology diffusion, 17, 159Tegemeo Institute, 13, 27, 77, 121Tobit, 54, 142, 143, 146, 159, 192Traveling time, 48, 51, 75–76, 80, 81, 89, 90,

189–190

UUganda, 4, 5, 10–13, 15–17, 23–37,

40, 42–48, 50, 52–57, 99–112, 118, 120–131, 133–150, 153–165, 169–183, 188–192, 194, 196–201, 204, 206–209

Upland rice, 10, 11, 17, 154, 155, 157, 163, 170, 204, 206, 207

UREA, 44, 124

WWARDA. See West Africa Rice Development

AssociationWest Africa Rice Development

Association (WARDA), 154, 170

ZZero-grazing, 78, 79, 150