subject name: basic computer skills. what is computer ? a device that computes, especially a...
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SUBJECT NAME: SUBJECT NAME: BASIC COMPUTER SKILLS BASIC COMPUTER SKILLS
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What is computer ?What is computer ?A device that computes, especially a A device that computes, especially a
programmable electronic machine that programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information. One who computes. information. One who computes.
It’s a Programmable machine that can store, It’s a Programmable machine that can store, retrieve, and process data. Today's retrieve, and process data. Today's computers have at least one computers have at least one CPU that that performs most calculations and includes a performs most calculations and includes a main memory, a control unit, and an main memory, a control unit, and an arithmetic logic unit. arithmetic logic unit.
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Charles Babbage (1791-1871) THE FATHER OF COMPUTER
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Computer can classified in to five types according to generations i.e time period
. First generation computer
. Second generation computer
. Third generation computer
. Fourth generation computer
. Fifth generation computer
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. First generation computer
Period : 1945 – 1956
Inviter : Lee de Forest
Main processing device : Vacuum tubes
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Vacuum tube
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Vacuum tube
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Vacuum tube
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Vacuum tube
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Vacuum tubes
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. First generation computerAdvantages :
. It was only electronic device
. First device to hold memory
Disadvantages :
. Too bulky i.e large in size
. Vacuum tubes burn frequently
. They were producing heat
. Maintenance problems
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Too bulky i.e large in size
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Vacuum tubes burn frequently
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. Second generation computer
Period : 1956 – 1963
Inviter : William Shockley
Main processing device : Transistor
Storage media : Magnetic disc
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Transistor
1 2
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Transistor board
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. Second generation computerAdvantages :
. Size reduced considerably
. The very fast
. Very much reliable
Disadvantages :
. They over heated quickly
. Maintenance problems
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. Third generation computer
Period : 1964 – 1971
Inviter : Jack Kilby
Robert Noyce
Main processing device : IC (integrated circuit)
Storage media : Floppies
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IC (integrated circuit)
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ICs (integrated circuits)
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IC (integrated circuit)
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. Third generation computerAdvantages :
. ICs are very small in size
. Improved performance
. Production cost cheap
Disadvantages :
. ICs are sophisticated
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. Fourth generation computer
Period : 1971– present
Inviter : Ted Hoff
Main processing device : ICs with VLSI
(Very Large Scale Integration)
Storage media : Floppies, CDs.
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ICs with VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration)
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. Fourth generation computerAdvantages :
. It is a compact
. Less power consumption
. Production cost is cheap
Disadvantages :
. No artificial intelligent.
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. Fifth generation computer
Period : present and beyond
Main processing device : ICs with parallel processing
Storage media : Video disksAdvantages : . Artificial intelligence . Expert system
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. First generation computer. Second generation computer
. Third generation computer. Fourth generation computer
. Fifth generation computer
Vacuum tubes
Transistors
ICs ICs with VLSI
ICs with parallel processing
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Computer is a group of electronic devices used to process the data.
The characteristics of a computer are:
4. Accuracy5. Automation 6. Functionality 7. Tirelessness
1. Speed 2. Reliability 3. Memory capacity
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1.Speed: computer process the data at an unimaginable speed. The speed of the computer ranges up to Nano seconds.
2. Reliability: The next important characteristic of a computer is its reliability. we can always rely on the information given by a computer.
3. Memory capacity: The memory capacity of a computer is measured in bits and bytes. Large amount of the data can be stored in computer and retrieved. Memory capacity of the computer ranges in Giga bytes.
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4. Accuracy: Accuracy of the computer is very high it performs calculation with greater accuracy
in less time.
5. Automation: A computer allows automation for any process designed in the form of a program. A program can be executed any number of times to repeat the process.
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6. functionality: computer can performs many kinds of jobs. It not only process the data but also can be Used for playing music, movies, and printing jobs.
It finds its applications in all most all the fields.
7. Tirelessness: A computer never get tired.
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