submergence tolerent rice varieties in bangladesh

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Production technology of Submergence tolerant rice for food security due to flash

flood in Bangladesh

PresenterMd. Nazim Uddin Mondal

Former Associate Scientist, International Rice Research Institute and Deputy Director,

Agriculture Extension, Bangladesh

Introduction: Submergence tolerant rice varieties have been developed by International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) to face the challenge of flash flood affected areas. The developed varieties are capable to yield well if they are under flood water for about 2 weeks. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute BRRI released two of them as BRRI Dhan51 and BRRIDhan52 and Binadhan-11 and Binadhan-12 realised by BINA. Characteristics and production technologies are discussed for food security of the rice eating people.

Monson flash flood submerged rice field

Flood affected village of Bangladesh


BRRI Dhan 52 field


Characteristics of the Varieties

Name of the Variety

Season Height Growth Duration days

Yield/ton/ha

Normal Submersed

BRRI Dhan51

AmanSeeding:1-15 July

90 cm 142 days 4.5 ton/ha

4 ton/haSM-154

days

BRRI Dhan52

AmanSeeding:1-15 July

116cm 145 days 5 ton/ha 4.5 ton/haSM 155

days

Characteristics of Binadhan-11:Binadhan-11 has been released in 2013 as a submergence tolerant early maturing rice variety for aman season. This variety posseses green and erect flag leaves. Leaves remain green till maturity. Medium long grain and 1000-grain weight is 28.1 gm. Duration of this variety is 130-135 days (under 20-25 days submerged condition) and 115-120 days for non submerged condition. In submerged condition, potential yield is 4.5 t/ha (average 4.2 t/ha). This variety is capable to produce 5.0-5.4 t/ha in non submerged condition

Characteristics of Binadhan-12:Binadhan-12 is a submergence tolerant rice variety for aman season, released in 2013. It takes about 140-145 days (under 20-25 days submerged condition) and 125-130 days for non submerged condition. In submerged condition, it produces grain yield of 3.8-4.0 t/ha (average 3.5 t/ha). This variety is capable to produce 4.2-4.5 t/ha in non submerged condition. Leaves remain green till maturity. Medium short grain and 1000-grain weight is 16.0 gm.

nBinadhan-12


Seed treatment:

Soak good quality 1 kg seeds/litter of water mixed with 3gram/litter of Bavistin/Noin/Tiosin etc. for 24 hours before seeding on seed bed. In this case the seeds may be wrapped by cloths to drain out excess water from seeds. In Aman season peregrination is not much important however, in Boro season is essential before seeding on the seed bed. For germination treated seeds are covered with straw or gunny bags for 48 hours in Aman season and 72 hours in Boro season. Keep seeds warm and moist during incubation.


Seed bed preparation: Fertile loam and clay-loam soil is suitable for seedbed preparation. Add compost or manure 2kg/metter for less fertile soil. Prepare the soil with power tiller and level the plot to make 5-10cm high beds. Make 1 meter wide bed with 25-30cm space between beds.


Prepared Seed bed Seed bed with Seedlings

Ideal Rice Seedbed


Seeding: To get healthy seedlings 60-80 grams of seeds be broadcasted/m squre homogenously on the beds. The canales between the beds be filled up with water for good seedling establishment.

The canals between the beds be filled in with water all the time. If the seedlings are yellow apply 7 grms/squre meter urea. Sometimes Thrips (insect) caused yellowing of seedlings. To control Thrips rope soaked in kerosene oil should be rolled on seedlings holding two ends. If the seedlings are grown on an ideal seed bed 4-5 kg seed is enough for one bigha (33 decimal) of land. Regular monitoring is needed to get good seedlings

Nursing seedlings:


Land preparation for Transplanting: Plough the land 2 times with power tiller 7-8 days earlier to decompose the crop residue of previous crop. During final puddling the basal application of fertilizers be done. Maintain 2-3 cm. water depth 2 days after transplanting. The rate of application for one bigha (33 decimal) for BRRI Dhan 51 and 52 during final puddling are Urea 5 Kg, TSP 15 Kg, MOP 6.5, Gypsum 4 Kg and Zinc- Sulphate 1.5 Kg.

Transplanting 30-35 days old seedling with spacing 25cmx15cm should be transplanted in line at a depth of 2-3cm with 2-3 seedlings/hills. During transplanting there should be thin film of water in the field.


Fertilizer Management:

Urea should be top dress 10 Kg/bigha 20-25 days after transplant (DAT) and after 50 DAT depending on fertility status. During last top dressing of urea 3 Kg/bigha MOP should be applied. Urea can also be top dressed with the help of Leaf Color Chart. The reading of LCC will be started after 15 days of transplantation and continue till panicle initiation at an interval of 10 days. Matching of average 10 flourished top leaf color be calculated according to the number given on LCC. If the average is less than 3.5 then top dress 7.5 kg Urea/bigha of land.


Leaf Color Chart LCC


Management of Submerged Crop: If the crop submerged due to flash flood upto 14 days the leaf should be washed out and aquatic weeds should be cleared. Fertilizer should be applied 7-10 days after receding flood water the application may be left over according to recommendation or additional depending on the situation.

Supplementary Irrigation:

During panicle initiation if there is no rainfall for 15 days and if there is no water in the rice field supplementary irrigation is very essential to get good yield. It is better to preserve irrigation canals of last Boro season for this purpose.

Small water reservoir for supplementary irrigation

Water harvesting for supplementary irrigation


Pest Management: Among the major pest Brown Plant Hopper BPH is the most notorious pest for Aman rice. To control BPH keeping gap 1 line after 8 lines is the best way to control the pest because the gaps helps better air circulation and sunlight which is unfavorable for BPH infestation. However, chemical spray with Mipsin at the bottom of the rice plant to control the insect is effective.

Harvest on time: Harvest the crop when 80% of the grains are mature. Spike lets at the panicle base are still a bit green but are already hard. Thresh immediately to minimize field losses and deterioration of grain quality.


Thank You

submergence tolerent rice varieties in bangladesh

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