subodhpublicschool,rambagh session2020-21 … · 2020-05-25 · subodhpublicschool,rambagh...

SUBODHPUBLICSCHOOL,RAMBAGH

SESSION2020-21

CLASS–Scholars2

SUBJECT–BusinessStudies

ONLINEASSIGMENTS3

(May18–13June,2020)

GeneralInstructions

1.ReferTextBookofBusinessStudies(NCERT)alongwiththestudy

materialgivenbelow.

2.Readthetheorycontentgivenbeloweverydaydate-wiseanddothe

worksheetsgiven.

3.From ExtraMarksappseevideofortheorycontentundertheheadof

“Learn”tounderstandtheconceptinbetterwayapartfrom thetheory

materialgivenbelow.

4.Doworksheetsgivenin“practice”sectionforchapter05inExtraMarks

appaswellasattempttestsgivenin“test”section.

5.Formoredetailedlearningofthechaptergoto“Detailedlearning”inthe

map,andforbriefsynopsisforthesamereferto“Quicklearning”.


Chapter05–Organizing

LearningOutcomes

Aftergoingthroughthisunitthestudent/learnerwouldbeableto:-

Understandtheconceptoforganizingasastructureandasa

process.

Explaintheimportanceoforganizing

Describethestepsintheprocessoforganizing.

Class1/Week1(Subjectmatter)

(Explanationwithexamplesofthebelowtopicswithdiscussion)


MeaningofOrganizing

•Oncetheobjectivesandplansarelaiddown,managementhas

toidentifyandestablishproductiverelationshipsbetween

variousactivitiesandresourcesforimplementingplans.In

generalwordsorganizingrefertoarrangingeverythingin

orderlyform andmakingthemostefficientuseofresources.

Theaim oforganizingistoenablepeopletoworktogetherfora

commonpurpose.

‘Organizingistheprocessofidentifyingandgroupingthework

tobeperformed,defininganddelegatingresponsibilityand

authorityandestablishingrelationshipsforthepurposeof

enablingpeopletoworkmosteffectivelytogetherin

accomplishingobjectives.’

StepsInvolvedintheProcessofOrganizing

1.Identification&DivisionofWork:

-Thetotalworktobedoneshouldbedividedintospecificjobs

asaccordingtopredeterminedplans.

-Job=asetofrelatedtasksthatcanbeperformedbyan

individual.Itshouldhavespecificanddefinitetaskstobe

performed.Asfaraspossible,itshoulddefineexpectedresults

alongwiththejob.

-Divisionofwork→specializationofeffortsandskills+avoids

duplicationofwork.

-Managementmustensurethatalltheactivitiesrequiredto

achieveorganizationalobjectivesareidentified.

2.Departmentalization:

-Groupingsimilarandrelatedjobsintolargerunitscalled

departments,divisionsorsectionsandplacingthem undera

departmenthead.Itfacilitatesspecialization.

-Thedepartmentsarelinkedtogetherandareinterdependent.

-Aimsatachievingco-ordinationandfacilitateunityofaction.

Departmentationcanbedoneonthebasisof

•Functions:marketing,personnel,financeetc.

•Products:Textiles,chemical,powerdivisionetc.

•Territories:Western,northern,central,easternetc.

3.AssignmentofDuties:

-Definetheworkofdifferentjobpositionsandallocatework

accordingly.

-Oncedepartmentsareformed,thedeptisplacedunderthe

chargeofanindividual.

-Jobsareassignedtoanindividualbestsuitedtoperform it.

-Qualifications,experience,abilityandaptitudesofpeople

shouldbematchedwithduties.

-E.g.activitiesoffinanceshouldbeassignedtopersonshaving

qualificationsandexperienceinfinancee.g.C.A‘s.

4.EstablishingReportingRelationships:

-Grantingrequisiteauthoritytoenableemployeestoperform

thejobsatisfactorily.

-Superiorsubordinaterelationsbetweendifferentpeopleand

jobpositionscreated,sothateverybodyknowsfrom whom he

istotakeordersandtowhom hecanissueorders.

-Createsmanagementhierarchy=achainofcommandfrom

thetopmanagertotheindividualatthelowestlevel.

-Thishelpsincoordination.




ImportanceofOrganizing

1.Benefitsofspecialization:Inorganizingeveryindividualisassignedapart

oftotalworkandnotthewholetask.Thisdivisionofworkintosmaller

unitsandrepetitiveperformanceleadstospecialization.Thusorganizing

promotesspecializationwhichinturnleadstoefficient&speedy

performanceoftasks.

2.Clarityinworkingrelationship:Ithelpsincreatingwelldefinedjobsand

alsoclarifyingthelimitsofauthorityandresponsibilityofeachjob.The

superior-subordinaterelationshipisclearlydefinedinorganizing.

3.EffectiveAdministration:Itprovidesacleardescriptionofjobsand

relateddutieswhichhelpstoavoidconfusionandduplication.Clarityin

workingrelationshipsenablesproperexecutionofworkwhichresults

ineffectiveadministration.

4.Optimum utilizationofresources:Theproperassignmentofjobsavoids

overlapping/duplicationofwork.Thishelpsinpreventingconfusionand

minimizingthewastageofresourcesandefforts.

5.AdoptiontoChange:Aproperlydesignedorganizationalstructureis

flexiblewhichfacilitatesadjustmenttochangesinworkloadcausedby

changeinexternalenvironmentrelatedtotechnology,products,resources

andmarkets.

6.DevelopmentofPersonnel:Soundorganizationencouragesinitiativeand

relativethinkingonpartoftheemployees.Whenmanagersdelegatetheir

authority,itreducestheirworkloadsotheycanfocusonmoreimportant

issuesrelatedtogrowth&innovation.Thisalsodevelopsthesubordinates’

abilityandhelpshim torealizehisfullpotential.

7.Expansionandgrowth:Ithelpsingrowth&diversificationofan

enterprisebyaddingmorejobpositions,departments,productslines,new

geographicalterritoriesetc.




MeaningofOrganizationalStructure

Itseekstoestablishrelationsamongallthepersonsworkinginthe

organization.Undertheorganizationalstructure,variouspostsarecreated

toperform differentactivitiesfortheattainmentoftheobjectivesofthe

enterprise.Relationsamongpersonsworkingondifferentpostsare

determined.Thestructureprovidesabasisorframeworkformanagersand

otheremployersforperformingtheirfunctions.Theorganizationstructure

canbedefinedastheframeworkwithinwhichmanagerialandoperating

tasksareperformed.

RelationbetweenSpanofManagementandOrganization

structure:

Spanofmanagementreferstothenumberofsubordinatesthatcanbe

effectivelymanagedbyasuperior.TheSpanofmanagementtoalarge

extentgivesshapetotheorganizationstructure.Thisdeterminesthelevels

ofmanagementinthestructure.Arrowspanofmanagementresultsintall

structurewhereaswiderspanofmanagementresultsinflatstructure.

(A)FunctionalStructure:Infunctionalstructureactivitiesaregrouped

anddepartmentsarecreatedonthebasisofspecificfunctionstobe

performed.Forexample,allthejobsrelatedtoproductionare

groupedunderproductiondepartment,salesdepartmentsetc.

Suitability

(1)Largeorganizationsproducingonelineofproduct.

(2)Organizationswhichrequirehighdegreeoffunctional

specializationwithdiversifiedactivities.

Advantage

1.Specialization:Betterdecisionoflabortakesplacewhichresultsin

specializationoffunctionsanditsconsequentbenefits.

2.Coordinationisestablished:Allthepersonsworkingwithina

departmentalarespecialistsoftheirrespectivejobs.Itmakestheco-

ordinationeasieratdepartmentallevel.

3.Helpsinincreasingmanagerialefficiency:Managersofonedepartment

areperformingsametypeoffunctionagainandagainwhichmakesthem

specializedandimprovestheirefficiency.

4.Minimizescost:Itleadstominimum duplicationofeffortwhichresultsin

economiesofscaleandthuslowerscost.

Disadvantages

1.Ignoranceoforganizationalobjectives:Eachdepartmentalheadworks

accordingtohisownwishes.Theyalwaysgivemoreweighttotheir

departmentalobjectives.Henceoverallorganizationalobjectivessuffer.

2.DifficultyinInter-departmentalCoordination:Alldepartmentalheads

workaspertheirownwisheswhichleadtocoordinationwithinthe

departmenteasierbutitmakesinter-departmentalcoordinationdifficult.

3.Hurdleincompletedevelopment–becauseeachemployeespecializes

onlyinasmallpartofthewholejob.




(B)DIVISIONALORGANIZATIONSTRUCTURE

Dividingthewholeenterpriseaccordingtothemajorproductstobe

manufactured(likemetal,plastic,cosmeticsetc.)isknownas

divisionalorganizationstructure.

Suitability:

Thisstructureissuitableinorganizationsproducingmultiproductor

differentlinesofproductsrequiringproductspecialization.Also

growingcompanieswhichintendtoaddmorelinesofproductsin

futureadoptthisstructure.

Advantages

1.Quickdecision-making:Divisionalmanagercantakeanydecision

regardinghisdivisionindependentlywhichmakesdecisionsquick

andeffective.

2.Divisionalresultscanbeassessed:Divisionresults(profit/loss)

canbeassessedeasily.Onthisbasisanyunprofitabledivisioncan

beclosed.

3.GrowthandExpansion:Itfacilitatesgrowthandexpansionasnew

divisionscanbeaddedwithoutdisturbingexistingdepartments.

Disadvantages

1.Conflictsamongdifferentdivisionsonallocationofresources.

2.DuplicityofFunctions:Entiresetoffunctionsisrequiredforall

divisions.ItgivesrisetoMaterialduplicityofeffortsamongdivisions

&increasescost.

3.SelfishAttitude:Everydivisiontriestodisplaybetterperformance

andsometimesevenatthecostofotherdivisions.Thisshowstheir

selfishattitude.

Class5AssignmentandProjectworkastime

oftask



Q1.Stateanyoneadvantageoffunctionalorganization.

1

Q2.Defineorganizingasafunctionofmanagement.

1

Q3.Distinguishbetweenfunctionalanddivisionalstructure.

4

Q4.Explainfiveimportanceoforganizing.

5

Q5.Explainindetailtheprocessoforganizing

6

GUIDELINESANDASSESSMENTFORBOARDSPROJECT

AllocationofMarks=20MarksThemarkswillbeallocated

underthefollowingheads:

1 Initiative,cooperativenessand

participation

2Mark

2 Creativityinpresentation 2Mark

3 Content,observationandresearchwork 4Marks

4 Analysisofsituations 4Marks

5 Viva 8Marks

Total 20Marks

Project:

ElementsofBusinessEnvironment(Selectanyonetopic)

1.Changeswitnessedoverthelastfewyearsonmodeofpackagingand

itseconomicimpact.

a)Thechangesintransportationoffruitsandvegetablessuchas

cardboardcratesbeingusedinplaceofwoodencrates,etc.Reasonsfor

abovechanges.

b)Milkbeingsuppliedinglassbottles,laterinplasticbagsandnowin

tetra-packandthroughvendingmachines.

c)Plasticfurniture[doorsandstools]gainingpreferenceoverwooden

furniture.

d)Theoriginofcardboardandthevariousstagesofchangesand

growth.

e)Brownpaperbagspackingtorecycledpaperbagstoplasticbagsand

clothbags.

f)Reuseofpackaging[bottles,jarsandtins]toattractcustomersfor

theirproducts.

g)Theconceptofpyramidpackagingformilk.

h)Costbeingbornebytheconsumer/manufacturer.

I)Packagingusedasmeansofadvertisements.

2.Thereasonsbehindchangesinthefollowing:Coca–ColaandFanta

intheseventiestoThumsupandCampaColaintheeightiestoPepsi

andCokeinnineties.Theteachermayguidethestudentstothetimes

whenIndiasoldCocaColaandFantawhichwerebeingmanufacturedin

Indiabytheforeigncompanies.Thestudentsmaybeaskedtoenquire

about

a)Reasonsofstoppingthemanufacturingoftheabovementioned

drinksinIndiaTHEN.

b)TheintroductionofThumsupandCampacolarange.

c)ReentryofCokeandintroductionofPepsiintheIndianmarket.

d)Factorsresponsibleforthechange.

e)Otherlinkageswiththeabove.

f)Leadingbrandsandthecompanyhavingthehighestmarketshare.

g)DifferentlocalbrandsventuringintheIndianmarket.

h)Theratingoftheabovebrandsinthemarket.

I)thesurvivalandreasonsoffailureincompetitionwiththeinternational

brands.

j)Otherobservationsmadebythestudents

3.Changingroleofthewomeninthepast25yearsrelatingtojoint

families,nuclearfamilies,womenasabreadearnerofthefamily,

changesintherequirementtrendofmixers,washingmachines,micro

waveandstandardofliving.

4.ThechangesinthepatternofimportandexportofdifferentProducts.

5.Thetrendinthechanginginterestratesandtheireffectonsavings.

6.Astudyonchildlaborlaws,itsimplementationandconsequences.

7.Thestateof‘antiplasticcampaign,’thelaw,itseffectsand

implementation.

8.Thelawsofmining/settingupofindustries,rulesandregulations,

licensesrequiredforrunningthatbusiness.

9.Socialfactorsaffectingacceptanceandrejectionofanidentified

product.(Dishwasher,Attamaker,etc)

10.Whathastheeffectofchangeinenvironmentonthetypesofgoods

andservices?Thestudentscantakeexampleslike:

a)Washingmachines,microwaves,mixersandgrinder.

b)Needforcrèche,daycarecentreforyoungandold.

c)Readytoeatfood,eatingfoodoutside,andTiffincenters.

11.Changeintheman-machineratiowithtechnologicaladvances

resultinginchangeofcoststructure.

12.Effectofchangesintechnologicalenvironmentonthebehaviorof

employee.

PresentationandSubmissionofProjectReport

Eachstudentwillprepareandsubmithis/herprojectreport.

Followingessentialsarerequiredtobefulfilledforitspreparationand

submission.

1.Thetotallengthoftheprojectwillbeof25to30pages(A4).

2.Theprojectshouldbehandwritten.

3.Theprojectshouldbepresentedinaneatfolder.

4.Theprojectreportshouldbedevelopedinthefollowingsequence

CoverpageshouldincludethetitleoftheProject,studentinformation,

schoolandyear.

Listofcontents.

Acknowledgementsandpreface.

Introduction.

Topicwithsuitableheading.

Planningandactivitiesdoneduringtheproject,ifany.

Observationsandfindings.

Conclusions(summarizedsuggestionsorfindings,futurescopeof

study).

subodhpublicschool,rambagh session2020-21 … · 2020-05-25 · subodhpublicschool,rambagh...

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