Subpart CC

1926.1400

OSHA Crane & Derrick Standard

Items that will impact Everyone

Qualified Signalperson

Qualified person means a person who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training and experience, successfully demonstrated the ability to solve/resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project.

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Signals Signal person –

when required:

Point of operation not in full view of operator

View of direction of travel is obstructed

Site specific safety concerns

1926.1428 Signal person qualifications

Signal Types:Hand, voice, audible

or “new”Only time an

operator can use a cell phone is while lifting as part of a planned procedure

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Signals (cont’d.)

Signal person qualifications

3rd party qualified evaluator

Yes Yes

Employer Qualified Evaluator

Yes No

Qualified how Documentation Portable

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Qualification Requirements:

Know & understand signalsCompetent in using signalsBasic understanding of crane

operationVerbal or written test +

practical test

Signals (cont’d.)

Qualified Rigger

Qualified Rigger1926.1404 (r)

Meets the criteria for a qualified person

Possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or extensive (rigging) knowledge, training and experience

Successfully demonstrated the ability to solve/resolve problems (relating to rigging)

Crane or Not Crane? Functional description

Can hoist, Lower and Horizontally move a

suspended load

Forklifts configured to hoist and lower (by means of a winch OR hook) and horizontally move a suspended load are covered

Backhoes are excluded even if used like a crane….1926.1400 (c)(2)

Forklift with attached boom. 1926.1400 (c)(8)

See 1926.1441 if using equipment with a rated hoisting/lifting capacity of 2,000 pounds or less

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1926.1408 Power Lines Step 1: Identify

Work ZoneWork Zone =

Marking boundaries OR

360 degrees around crane up to maximum working radius

Make the power line hazard assessment

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Could you get within 20 feet of

power line?YES NO

Option #1 Deenergize & Ground

Encroachment Prevention measures

Option #3Ask Utility for Voltage and Use Table A (with minimum clearance

distance)

Option #220 foot clearance

No further action

• Planning meeting• If tag lines used Non-conductive• Elevated warning lines, barricade or line of signs

• PLUS (Choose one):

• Proximity alarm, spotter, warning device, range limiter, or insulating link

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Table A – Minimum Clearance DistancesVoltage (nominal, kV, alternating current)

Minimum clearance distance (feet)

up to 50 10

over 50 to 200 15

over 200 to 350 20

over 350 to 500 25

over 500 to 750 35

over 750 to 1000 45

over 1000 (as established by the power line owner/operator or registered professional engineer who is a qualified person with respect to electrical power transmission and distribution)

Intentionally Working Closer Than Table A Zone 1910.1410Paragraph (b) requires the employer to

consult with the utility owner/operator before deciding that it infeasible to deenergize and ground the lines or relocate them.

Employer can establish this distance by either having the utility owner/operator determine the minimum clearance distance that must be maintained or by having a registered professional engineer who is a qualified person with respect to electrical transmission and distribution determine the minimum clearance distance that must be maintained.

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Must show:• Staying outside zone is infeasible• Infeasible to de-energize and ground

Intentionally Working Closer Than Table A Zone

All of the following are required:

1. PL owner – sets minimum approach distance

2. Planning meeting – procedures

3. Dedicated spotter

4. Elevated warning line or barricade

5. Insulating link/device

6. Non-conductive rigging

7. Range limiter (if equipped)

8. Non-conductive tag line (if used)

9. Barricades - 10 feet from equipment

10. Limit access to essential employees

11. Ground crane

12. Deactivate automatic re-energizer

1926.1410

Certification of Operators

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OPTION 1: Accredited testing organizationOPTION 2:

Employer qualification programOPTION 3:

U.S. militaryOPTION 4:

State/local gov’t license

Operator Qualifications and Certifications - 4 Options

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Operator Qualifications and Certifications (cont’d)

Accredited testing organization

YES * 5 years

Employer Qualification Program

NO 5 years

US Military license NO * Set by issuing entity

State/local license NO *Valid only in entity’s

jurisdiction

Set by issuing entity, not > 5

years

Portable

Valid

Written Certification TestsAdministered in any language understood by

the operator candidate. Test must cover:

Controls/performance characteristicsCalculate capacity (w/ or w/out calculator)Preventing power line contactGround supportRead and locate info in operating manualAppendix Q subjects

Practical ExaminationMust be well designed and sufficiently

comprehensive Must have the demonstrated the skills and

knowledge needed to operate the equipment safely.

An operator's ability to handle unusual worksite conditions, such as adverse weather or working on crowded jobsites, are hazards that are not commonly part of this exam.

An Operator who does not have a certification on August 8th, 2014 will be considered an Operator in Training, regardless of previous experience.

Must operate under the direct supervision of a Certified OperatorEstablishes the criteria when an Operator in

Training may work.Rules for maximum time operating w/o a

Certified Operator.

"Operator in Training"

Ground Conditions1926.1402 (b) Ground conditions must be firm, drained, and

graded Use supporting materials, Use equipment manufacturer's specifications

for adequate support Use equipment manufacturer's specifications

for degree of level of the equipment

Controlling Entity1926.1402 (c)(3)Must ensure that ground preparations are

safeMust inform the user of the equipment

and the operator of the location of known hazards beneath the equipment set-up area (such as voids, tanks, utilities)

If there is no controlling entity then the employer that has authority at the site to make or arrange for ground preparations must do so.

Assembly Disassembly

Employers must use a qualified rigger for rigging operations during assembly & disassembly

Two options:Manufacturer procedures or Employer procedures (criteria requirements).

Employer procedures cannot be used if using synthetic rigging.

Assembly/Disassembly Supervisor

Must understand procedures Review procedures (unless they’ve used them

before) Check that crew members understand their

tasks, hazardsFollow manufacturer’s prohibitionsWhen using outriggers - fully extended or

deployed per the load chart

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A/D supervisor addresses 12 key hazards, including:Adequate site and ground conditions Sufficient blocking for load and stabilitySuitable boom and jib pick pointsIdentify center of gravityStability for pin removalConsider wind speed and weather

Assembly/Disassembly (cont’d)

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The suitability of blocking materialVerification of the loads for assist cranesSnagging of cables or componentsStruck by counter weightsBoom hoist brake failureLoss of backwards stability

Assembly/Disassembly (cont’d)

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Requirements for manufacturers to provide walkways and consider fall protection during design of machines.

During non-A/D work employees must be tied off when exposed to a 6’ fall.When moving point-to-point on non-lattice

boomsOn lattice booms that are not horizontalOn horizontal lattice booms that have a fall

distance of 15’ or more.

Fall Protection

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While at any workstation or any part of the equipment (including any boom), except when the employee is near the draw-works (when running), in the cab or on the deck.

For A/D work the employer must supply and ensure that all employees on a walking/working surface with an unprotected edge more than 15’ above a lower level are protected from falls. EXCLUDING when working at or near the draw- works while the machine is running.

Fall Protection

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1926.1412 Inspections

Modified or Repaired/ adjusted

Qualified

Post-assembly Qualified

Shift Competent

Monthly Competent

Annual Qualified

Type of Inspection: Who Inspects:

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Inspections (cont’d)

Shift = visual inspection for apparent deficiencies

Monthly = documented shift inspection

Annual = comprehensive, every 12 months

Each Shift Inspection1926.1412 (d)Apparent deficiencies Control and Drive mechanismsHydraulicsHooksWire RopeElectricalGround Conditions

Levelness of the craneOperator viewAll Safety DevicesOperational Aids are working

Operators1926.1417 has many requirements. Some

highlights are:Must not engage in any activity that diverts

his/her attention while operating the equipment, No cell phones (other than when used for signal

communications) Must not leave the controls while the load is

suspended,  (four exceptions)Must verify that the load is within the rated

capacity of the equipment (2 methods)Must obey a stop (or emergency stop) signal,

irrespective of who gives it. Told of any employee entering the crane work

area 1926.1424(a)(3)

Employer Training1926.1430 Employee Training IssuesPowerline safetySignal personsOperatorsCompetent PersonQualified PersonsCrush Pinch point hazardsTagout for repair

Must confirm that the employee understands the information provided in the training

Provide the training at no cost to the employee

 Work Area Control 1926.1424Train each employee assigned to work on or

near the equipment Erect and maintain control lines, warning

lines, railings or similar barriers to mark the boundaries of the hazard area (1 Exception)