Success is a matter of choice.

Choose to be successful!

Coaching: The Art and Science

Reflections on Coaching

What is a “coach”? What does it mean to you ?

Why do I want to coach? Different reasons, different motivating

factors. Understanding these factors important

to determining how sport is approached. (Coach Workbook page 3, 2.1 and 2.2)

Why do I Coach?

- Contribute to overall growth of people.– Have a good time when coaching.– Makes me feel good.– I like the power.– I like the recognition.– Like to stay active in sport.– Give back to system that I benefited from.– Set an example to my family of leadership and

charitable acts

Approaches to CoachingQuestionnaire

assign 3 to most preferred, 1 to least preferred and 2 to remainder.

Self Task Social1. b a c2. a b c3. c b a4. c a b5. b a c6. b a c7. a b c

Approaches to CoachingSelf Approach

Wants to be a winning coach Interested in personal recognition and

fulfilling their own needs Success is a function of great coaching,

losses due to poor athletes “you’ve let me down”, “how could you

embarrass me?”

Approaches to CoachingTask Approach

– Wants to achieve team goals– Strives to be effective in teaching skills

and to be knowledgeable about the game

– Focus on playing sport well and overcoming barriers preventing success

Approaches to CoachingSocial Approach

– Concerned with forming friendships, sharing and the security of belonging

– Emphasizes having fun and working co-operatively

– Easy to talk to, always friendly and enjoys being with the athletes

Approaches to CoachingNCCP Survey

– What approach do most coaches take?• Most volunteer coaches task oriented• Energy aimed at attaining team’s goals

– Most important goal is?• Socialization through sport participation• Physical, psychological and social development

of youngsters

Approaches to CoachingOutcomes

Socialization FunWinning

1. a b c

2. b c a

3. a b c

Why Athletes Participate

• Groups of 4 • Task to be competed in 5 minutes!• List the “different” reasons why athletes

participate in sport. – Workbook Part A – page 4 3.1– List on blackboard (selected groups)

• Longest list “wins”!• Best list matching Ewing & Seefeldt (1991)

Why Athletes Participate

#1 Fun

as defined by Stephen Danish, 1992

“skill = challenge”

skill > challenge boredom

skill < challengefrustration

Why Athletes Participate

2. Improve skills

3. Stay in shape

4. To be good at something

5. Excitement

Why Athletes Participate

6. Exercise

7. To be part of a team

8. For the challenge

9. Learn new skills

10.To win

Why Athletes Participate

NCCP – four main categories

1. Achievement

2. Affiliation

3. Sensation

4. Self Direction, Independence

Achievement

Wish to improve, master new skills, pursue excellence

Achievement oriented situations- performance evaluation against standard- risk involved to achieve success- outcome skill dependent not chance

Achievement Coaching Tips

Have a multitude of objective measures

Set realistic goals and progressively increase

Point out individual improvement – objectify

Competitions with suitable opponents

Affiliation

A desire to have positive and friendly relations with others

Affiliation oriented athletes- enjoy being with friends- like to get along well with teammates- feel it’s important to be accepted by

team

Strongest and most common motive for continued sports participation

Affiliation Coaching Tips

Provide opportunities for social gatherings- team parties

Regular rap sessions after practiceEncourage athletes to help one anotherPromote view each athlete is valued

Initiations?

Sensation

A desire to experience the sights, sounds and physical feelings surrounding a sport or the excitement in a sport

Sensation oriented athletes- enjoy sensory stimulation of the

sport setting

- enjoy physical sensations of activity

Sensation Coaching Tips

• Keep athletes active• Vary workouts – change

the normal routine• Warm up to music• Set up close games and

interesting challenges

Self Direction, Independence

A wish to feel a sense of control, to feel in charge

Self-direction oriented athletes- like to have a sense of personal

control over outcomes- like to be treated in a responsible

way and feel some responsibility for their own actions

Self Direction, Independence Coaching Tips

• Put participants in position of leadership

- lead warm up, “player’s” drills

• Allow athletes to make own tactical decisions

Expectations

What expectations do you think parents, athletes and associated sports personnel have of you as a coach?

Would you be able to fulfill their expectations?

Workbook page 5 4.1

Parental Expectations of Coaches

1. Make sport enjoyable

2. Respect children as individuals

3. Be a knowledgeable leader

4. Be safety-conscious

5. Act in a mature and adult manner

6. Be fair

1. Respect rules and officials

2. Equal playing time opportunities

3. Plan activities effectively

4. Be approachable

5. Strive to win

Expectations

What expectations do you think parents have of sport?

Workbook page 5 4.1

Parental Expectations of Sport

1. Build self esteem

2. Have fun

3. Develop skills

4. Increase fitness

5. Make new friends

1. Other

2. Have professional career

3. Play on winning team

4. Win awards

5. Olympic involvement

Parents and the Coach

• Privately and publicly critiquing you• When involved think they have voice in decisions of

your program• Parents want best for their child• Focus on final outcome not process• Why include parents in program?

– They are child’s first teachers– Want to be involved in child’s activities– Help with off court necessities– Including others adds strength