success with root vegetables, cfsa sac 2015
TRANSCRIPT
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TECHNIQUES FOR SUCCESS WITH ROOT VEGETABLES
EDIBLE EARTHSCAPES
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DA I KO N
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VA R I E TY A N D S E E D PR E P
• Minowase
• Early August to late September
• Miyashige
• Minowase Early• April Cross
Varieties
Planting Season
Hybrids (Kitazawa Seed Company)
Open Pollinated (Baker Creek Seed)
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• Direct seed in furrows by hand-sowing rather than using a seeder
• 3.5 foot wide raised beds
• 1/2 inch
SOIL PREP, SPACING AND SOWING Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
• Furrows amended with compost and mycorrhizae
Seed Depth
Spacing• 12 inches
• Works well in a polyculture
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CROP MAINTENANCE, DISEASES AND PESTS• Overhead sprinklers with
drip tape• Keep bed healthy by
weeding, thinning and mulching• Use row covers when below 28º
• Watch for flea beetles, harlequin bugs and moles
• Root rot can happen with too much water in soil
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HARVEST , P OST HA RVEST AND ST ORAGE
Harvest
Post Harvest
Storage
• Leverage out of ground with digging fork
• Spray clean with hose
• Cut off greens• For short term storage, keep
in fridge• For long term, wrap in
newspaper or put in bucket of sand and keep in root cellar
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MARKETING, EATING AND HEALTH BENEFITSMarketing
• It’s all about presentation• Cooking
demonstrations
• CSAs and restaurants
• Share recipes with customers
Health Benefits
• High in vitamin C • Facilitates efficient digestion • Natural diuretic
• Anti-inflammatory & antioxidant compounds• Rich source of calcium
https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/vegetable/daikon.html
Daikon Steaks
• Sell as individual roots
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SEED SAVING• When doing your own seed saving, cross-pollination is
possible
Watermelon Radish Purple Daikon
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G O BO ( JAPAN ES E B U R D O C K )
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SOIL PREPARATION AND SPACING
• March - August• Maturity reached in 70-
240 days
• Start seeds in trays and transplant after 3-4 weeks
• 2 feet
• 3 foot wide beds, deeply tilled or forked
• Place drip tape and cover with leaf mulch
Varieties
Planting Season
• Takinogawa• Watanabe Early (Kitazawa)
Sowing Method
Spacing
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth• 1/4 inch
• Amend with compost and micrrohizae
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• Well drained soil will reduce risk of rot
• Minimal weeding with occasional compost tea
C R OP M A I N T EN A N C E
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HARVEST
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1. Cut leaves and clear the space
2. Place digging fork at least 8 inches away from root stem
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3. Create a pentagon with your fork keeping an 8 inch radius
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4. Leverage your fork and lift gently
5. Brush off the dirt and search ground for any broken
pieces
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POS T-H ARVE S T AND S T ORAGE• Spray the root to loosen and discard thick soil
• Cut off stem
• Wash gently in standing water
• Remove root hairs
• Store in refrigerator
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• Sell in 1/2 pound bundles
• Kimpira Gobo
Farmer’s Market and CSA
Eating
• Good for stir fries, roasting and soups
• Gobo burgers
Health Benefits• High in potassium
• Rich in iron, magnesium, vitamins C and E
• Reduces blood sugar and cholesterol levels
MAR K E T I NG , E AT I N G & HE ALT H BE N E F I T S
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SEED SAVING
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G I N G E R & T UR M E R I C
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Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth
Spacing
• Direct seed sprouting rhizome pieces
• 1 x 1 foot raised beds amended with compost and mycorrhizae
• 2 inches
• 1 foot
Varieties
Planting Season
• Big Kahuna
• Early March (pre-sprouting) and May (sowing)
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
• Yellow Hawaiian• Red Turmeric
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• Keep beds weeded and hilled
• Alternate feeding them with compost tea and epsom salt water every other week
• Keep temperatures above 40º by keeping them under row covers or in a greenhouse
• Be mindful of water content in soil to prevent rot and mold
CROP MAINTENANCE
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HARVEST, POST-HARVEST AND STORAGE
Baby Ginger
Turmeric
• Harvest mid-September through late October
• For short term, store in fridge otherwise keep in freezer
• Harvest before first hard frost in November through December
• For short term, store in fridge otherwise keep in freezer
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MAR K E T I NG , E AT I N G & HE ALT H BE N E F I T S
Marketing
Eating
Health Benefits
• Farmer’s Market• CSA• Farm Pick-up• Restaurants
• Teas• Cooking spice• Immunity boost drinks
• Ginger aids in stomach health• Turmeric is an anti-
inflammatory and most effective when eaten with black pepper
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SEED SAVING
• Mature seed ginger is harvested in January and should be kept dry and at a cool room temperature
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TA R O
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Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth
Spacing
• Place sprouting corms directly into soil
• 1 x 1 foot raised beds of well-worked, loose soil
• 2 - 3 inches
• 1 footVariety
Planting Season
• Sato Imo
• Late April - late May
Bed Maintenance• Drip tape woven between plants• Heavily mulched and occasionally weeded
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
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HARVEST, POST-HARVEST AND STORAGE
Harvest
Post-Harvest
Storage
• Use digging fork to uproot plant• Separate corms by breaking
them off of the mother
• Wash off excess dirt and lay to dry
• Keeps best when stored in a cool dry space
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MARKETING, EATING AND HEALTH BENEFITS• Sell by the pound at Farmer’s Markets
Eating• Can be prepared many different
ways to achieve different textures and flavors
• Alone it is best boiled or roasted
• Also great in curries, soups, fritters and poi
Health Benefits• High levels of dietary
fiber along with vitamins A, C, E and B6
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• Separate the sprouting seed corms from the food corms• Store sprouting corms in peat moss or coir
SEED SAVING
• Remove all corms from the mother
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B E E T S
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SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWINGVariety• Early Wonder Tall Top• Detroit Red• Golden Detroit
Planting Season• Year-round!
• But best in early March andearly July to late August
Sowing Method• Direct Seed• Hand sewn
Soil Preparation• Amend raised beds withcompost, wood ash and mycorrhizae
Seed Depth• 1/2 inch deep in furrows
Spacing• Thin at least 4 inches
apart• Maintain 10 inches between rows
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• Mesh cleaning table
• Store in fridge or root cellar
• Proper cleaning is important for effective presentation and marketing
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C A R R O T S
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Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth
Spacing
• Direct seed, hand sewn
• Amend well-worked, raised beds with compost and mycorrhizae
• 1/4 inch in furrows
• Thin to 2-3 inches
Variety
Planting Season
• Red Cored Chantennay
• Mid-February through mid-March
Bed Maintenance• Overhead sprinkler system• Keep bed soil bare
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
• 6-8 inches between rows; there should be 5 rows per bed
• Cosmic Purple
• Mid-August through mid-September
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S W E E T P O TAT O E S
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Variety• Murasaki
Planting Season
Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Planting Depth
Spacing• 18 inches
• 2 to 3 inches
• 1 x 1 foot raised beds with drip tape and amended with rice hulls, mycorrhizae and mulch
• Grow slips in greenhouse from selected ‘seed’ potatoes
• Mid-May through mid-June
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
• Carver• Japanese
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CROP MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE
• Pull up side roots
• May be affected by scurf or voles
• Leave to cure in a warm, dry area (like greenhouse) for at least 7 days
• Store in a cool, dry place where temperatures stay above 50º
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PA R S N I P S
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Variety• Harris Model
Planting Season
Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth
Spacing• 8 inches
• 1/4 inch
• 3.5 foot wide raised, mulched bed
• Direct seed in amended mounds
• Early April - early July
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
• 3 - 4 seeds per mound
• Amend each mound with compost and mycorrhizae
Maintenance• Thin to one plant per mound
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CROP STORAGE
• Pour a layer of dry sand into a 5 gallon bucket
• Place an even layer of parsnips on the sand
• Continue alternating sand and parsnips until the bucket is full
• Seal the bucket with a lid and store in a root cellar
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Haruka and Jason OatisEdible Earthscapes
[email protected]://edibleearthscapes.wordpress.com
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