successful lecture

8/2/2019 Successful Lecture

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What People Want

A recent internet video had over 500 million viewers around the world.

What do you think it was about?


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was it?

a. How to make amillion dollars

b. The ten mostbeautiful women

c. A baby laughing

d. An airplaneaccident


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This video can be found on YouTube at www.youtube.com/watch?v=HE4FJL2IDEs


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Objectives for today

Review what we already know aboutgiving presentations

Go over five guidelines for organizingand giving good presentations Discuss your assignment for next

week


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A Successful Lecture

What are some key points

you have already learned about giving lectures?

Whiteboard/brainstorming activity


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Why lectures?

Multiple studies show adults do notlearn as much from lectures as we dofrom other teaching methods(discussions, case studies, chartreviews, hands on, etc.)

At best, we remember about 20% of what is presented

So why do we use lectures so often in medical education?


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Why lectures?

Theyre easy to create(or at least we believe them to be)

Theyre portable We can keep them on file and use

them at short notice over and over again

So they do have value if we can do them right but they can be excellent if we learn afew guidelines.


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Basic Rules of Good Presentations

Focus on your objectives Rehearse

Make your slides clear, not distracting Incorporate interaction in your

presentation Be entertaining


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Keep your goal in mind

When we want to make Amok (a Cambodian dish), we keep in mind what wewant the nished dish to look like. That's our goal. And then we think what do

we need to reach that goal - sh, spices, coconut milk, banana leaves, astove, a pot

If we don't have the nal goal in mind, we might end of with things we don'tneed - potatoes, watermelon and a kilo of duck feet. It's not only a waste, butit's confusing to the cook.


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Focus on Objectives

Sometimes lectures don't think through the content of their lectures carefully. And they tellyou everything they know about a topic. I call this a "knowledge-dump." It's incredibly boringand a horrible way to learn. It's like trying to get a drink by dumping a bucket of water overyour head.

A good lecturer will package his material in a well-crafted presentation. It's like putting thewater in a bottle. Much more efcient (less water) and much more satisfying (you can drinkmore of it).


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A Lecture Outline

Introduction/Review your objectivesCommunity-Acquired Pneumonia - presentation,pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, follow-up

5 key points1. presentation; 2. pathophysiology;3. diagnosis; 4. treatment; 5. follow-up

Summary of key pointsThe take-home message

Hi, my name is David Narita and today we'll discuss CAPOur objectives will be to understand the presentation, pathophysThen the body of my lecture following those 5 points.And in summary we review today that CAP presents like pathophysis etc.

(Take questions after this slide)


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Rehearse

Giving an effective lecture takespractice

Practice the timing of the entirelecture and of each slide Review your material well so that you

dont need to read from notes

A one hour lecture prepared in one hour probably won't go so well. You don't have to rehearseout loud, but in your mind, go through your slides and roughly time yourself.

If your lecture slot is for one hour, plan to speak for 75% of that time, 45 minutes, to allow timefor Q&A. It's always easier to stretch a presentation that to realize you have 10 minutes tocomplete 50 more slides!

Each slide should be shown for at least 10 seconds and generally for 2-3 minutes.You should always arrive a little early to the classroom to make sure your presentation runs

properly.

Don't read from your slides, but face the audience. And remember the rst ve minutes aremost important in getting people's attention so you want your introduction to go smoothly.


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Stage Fright

Stage fright is a negativeterm for excitement

Nothing helps apresentation more thancommunicating passion

and confidence

An American entertainer (Johnny Carson) said even after years of performing,he'd still have stomach utters and feel his heart race when he went out on stage.But you need to re-assign those feelings to something positive.

Just think when your stomach utters and heart races while sitting with a personyou care for, you call it something else, right? Love. And it's a positive thingthen.

No coach tells his team to "be calm" right? Same thing - use that energy tocommunicate passion and condence in your presentation.


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Many people spend most of their time making their slides but let me start by saying that agood lecture doesn't come from good slides, but from a well-organized presenter whoconnects with their audience. Even with great slides, a poor presenter will fail.


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M P

Risk factors include: 65 years of age or older People in nursing homes or other chronic care facilities Male Children under the age of two

People with colds or other respiratory infections People with reduced immunity People with other lung diseases, such as asthma, cystic fibrosis and lung cancer People with AIDS or HIV Organ transplant recipients People who have had their spleen removed People receiving chemotherapy People who smoke Alcoholics People with chronic health problems, such as lung disease, heart disease, kidney

disorders, sickle cell anemia or diabetes

Title font too complicated, background distracting, too much text and font toosmall - maybe list main categories and put this detail on the handout.

Remember try to show information that people will be able to remember.

For lists and references, put it on a handout (or people will be furiously writingduring your entire lecture!)


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Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children

Animations totally unhelpful. Background also distracting - how about white? Eachsection can be one slide, or include this in the handout and just have four bullets with asimplied list of organisms.


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Need some orientation what I'm I looking for? (congenital hip dysplasia)Comparisons are good - a normal hip would be very helpful.

With x-rays, a black background is always best.


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Incorporate Interaction

Tell me and I forget.Show me and I remember.

Involve me, and I understand.

Examples: Questions, brainstorming,

small group activity, demonstrations,role-playing, problem-solving, testing

Research shows that those actively involved will learn more than those passively involved.

Since we know adult learners don't learn as much with lectures, add to your presentationas much interaction and methods that adult-learners respond to. That will make apresentation successful!


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Be Entertaining

Motivate and gain your audiences attention

The Story of Dr. Fox 20% content, 80%

delivery

Engage the audience

Remember rst 5 minutes? this is the greatest advantage of a lecture over other methods westart out with peoples attention, just need to maintain it!

Dr. Fox professional actor delivering key address to complex mathematic theory to illustrateteaching. He was enthusiastic but not always understandable. They loved it!

Developing a good relationship with the audience is essential posture, eye contact, bodymovement. Dress appropriately. Speak like you're having a conversation normally.


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Dont distract your audience

No tapping, swaying, playing withkeys

Opposite of that is

No tapping, swaying, playing with keys, biting ngernails, picking nose, folding arms, playingwith hair...

And watch the "wandering pointer" - making circles aimlessly on the screen with the pointer.If you want to point at something, point - hold the pointer there for a couple seconds - and turn itoff.


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Comments/Questions


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In Summary


Make your slides clear Incorporate interaction Be entertaining

Objective Set a goal, 5 key points, KISSRehearse and use stage fright to help you presentClear slides dont distract from contentInteract involve the audienceEntertain


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Thank you!

So now that you know it just do it!

successful lecture

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