sugarcane harvesting in...
TRANSCRIPT
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Sugarcane Harvesting in
Louisiana Benjamin L. Legendre, Ph.D.
Professor and Department Head
Audubon Sugar Institute
St. Gabriel, Louisiana
HC&S Community Open House, April 15, 2014
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TX LA
HI
FL Sugarcane in Louisiana
• 500 family farms
• 11 sugar factories (3 cooperatives)
• 440,000 acres (2013)
• 14,036,000 tons cane (2013)
• 1,557,000 tons sugar (2013)
• No. 1 row crop in LA grossing approximately $3 billion (2013)
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Burning is used to reduce trash content
and improve cane quality
100% of the Louisiana sugarcane crop area is
burned either pre- or post-harvest Post-harvest burning of
cane laid on ground
between two rows
harvested by soldier
harvester
(10% of total crop)
Pre-harvest burning
of standing
cane to be harvested
by combine harvester
(20% of total crop)
Post-harvest burning
of residue resulting
from green cane
harvesting
(70% of total crop)
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Soldier Harvester
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Rear view of soldier harvester in green
cane
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Frontal view of soldier
harvester in
green cane
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Post-Harvest Burning
Cane harvested by soldier harvester is
burned on “heap” row
(10 % of total crop)
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Mechanical loading of whole-stalk cane
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Frontal view of combine harvester in
green cane
Green Cane Harvesting
Approximately 70% of the Louisiana crop is
harvested green by the cane combine prior to
burning of the harvest residue
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Rear view of combine harvester in green
cane showing harvest residue
Green Cane Harvesting
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Harvest Residue Residue left on field from green cane harvesting is
burned off usually within one to two weeks of harvest
(represents 70% of the total crop)
Failure to remove this residue results in a reduction of
15 - 20% in the subsequent stubble crop. Unlike Maui,
note that the terrain is flat in Louisiana.
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Pre-harvest Burning in Standing Cane
Approximately 20% of the Louisiana crop is
burned standing prior to harvest by cane
combines
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Combine harvesting in burned cane
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In conclusion, nearly
100% of the total acres of
sugarcane grown in
Louisiana is burned in
some manner, i.e., pre-
harvest or post-harvest.
Further, at any one time
there might be 100 or
more fires burning at the
same time as each of the
500 farms is an
independent unit.
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What are the benefits of burning sugarcane?
• Lower cost of production that benefits growers and consumers
• Allows more efficient harvesting of sugarcane
• Reduces number of hauling units on highways reducing wear
and tear on our highways
• Decreases the volume of material to be processed
• Shortens the harvest season by as much as 10%
• Increases the yield of sugar per ton of cane
• Reduces wear and tear on field and factory equipment
• Reduces energy expenditures in the field and the factory
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What are the objectives of smoke & ash management? • Be a good and considerate neighbor
• Minimize the adverse effect caused by open field burning of
sugarcane
• Prevent smoke and ash from being blown across public
highways and airports
• Prevent smoke and ash from affecting public areas, especially
public health facilities such as hospitals, nursing homes, etc.
• Prevent smoke and ash from affecting schools at times when
students are present
• Prevent smoke and ash from affecting individual homes,
subdivisions, and other housing facilities
• Minimize ash fallout that may result from burning sugarcane
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