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RENEWAL OF OPERATIONAL ACTIVITY PDDYNAMIC

EXTENSION NO.

1073• DATE

24 January 1984

. DATE

RECETVED , FORWARDED

TO: (Officer designation, room number, andbuilding) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom

INITIALS to whom. Draw a line across column after each comment.)

AC/IAD/SES/II3

IAD/PS

AC/LAD/SEC -

C/IAD/PRMB

NV-

C/IAD/BF

-4kN 1984

5 AN 1984

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.TAL7/5 26 1984

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C/SE/OPS 5B4803

Cl/SE 2B44

C/EIJR/CA 4B4404

DDO Registry •7E26

DDO Y7E26

IAD/SEG/IB For Distritution 3D011915.

L_J DECLASSIFIED AND RELEASED BYCENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

S O URCESMETNOOSEXEMPT ION 3B2B

NAZI WAR CR IMES DI SCLOSURE ACT

DATE 2007

FOR APPROVAL

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FORM-79

USE PREVIOUS1 _ 79 to V EDITIONS

OF CRYPTONYM _

PDLAJAMICOPERATIONAL ACTr 'Y ACTION

NEW OPACTAPPROVAL

EXTENSION

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AC/IAD/SEG/IBIMO'S AC/IAD/SEGC/IAD/PRMB

TYPED NAME (and ignature)

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DDO 3c.FORM 88 °" PREvIOU510 . 7$ EnITIOms SECRET E2, IMPDET CL. BY: 357737 (5)

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RENEWALFY (983/84

FIELD'STATION

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1

DATE

24 Jan 1984ROOM NO.

TERMINATION

INTENDED SOLELY FOR COL-LECTION PER SEC 662 OFFOR. ASSIST. ACT

3D0119

BOLDING.

HOSNOT INTENDED SOLELY FOR COLLECTIONPER SEC 662 OF FOR. ASSIST. ACT

RED BLACK

1073 781R

NOTE ATTACH COPY OF DCI CERTIFICATION OF COM PLIANCE WITH SEC 662 OFFOR. ASSIST. ACT WHERE ACTIVITY IS NOT INTENDED FOR COLLECTION

CONCURRENCES OF DI ISIONS

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C/IAD/BF 25 JAN 1984

DC/ IAD

C/IAD

CONCURRENCES OF OTHER COMPONENTS

C/SE/OPS

(Type in Organizational Element and Name Below Only

when Concurrence Obtained by Originating Element...)IN

3 1

DATE

OUT

.a34YES

MEMOATTACHED

NO

‘./

EXEMPT FROMP/S REVIEW

COMPARTMENTEDP/S REVIEW 16 MAR 1984

2 3 FE2

SECRET

MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for Operations

INFO : Chief, Soviet and East European DivisionChief, Counterintelligence StaffChief, International Activities Division

FROM : CChief, Evaluation and Plans Staff

SUBJECT

Approval of OPACT PDDYNAMIC-FY83 and FY84

1. Description: Operational Activity PDDYNAMIC supports aUkranian exile group headquartered in New York and the group'sprinting and publishing facility in Munich. The goal ofPDDYNAMIC activity is to publish and infiltrate into the USSRliterature aimed at keeping alive the Ukrainian nationalistspirit, and to support Ukranian groups who oppose Soviet policy.

2. Authority: OPACT PDDYNAMIC is authorized by the 7 June1978 Presidential Finding and responds to the Directorate'sObjective T. It is also in compliance with the provisions ofSection 662 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as amended).

3. EPS Comments: Comparing the above stated goal forPDDYNAMIC activity against the OPACT renewal is revealing. Thedegree to which operational activity is increasing suggeststhat the OPACT renewal is predicated, at least in part, on theassumption that the Expanded Finding for the Soviet Union andEastern Europe will also be approved. Examples of increasedactivity include, but are not limited to, targeting Russianaudiences; new distribution methods into the USSR from China,Australia, Afghanistan and Japan; a new office in London; apilot project in Tokyo; and plans to exchange with the PRCliterature dealing with the Soviet nationality problems. Theseexamples seem to range beyond Ukranian issues and could lead toserious resource implications for the Directorate. A pointmade in the previous OPACT review remains valid: Any directimpact on Soviet policy or the Soviet political system cannotbe demonstrated. There is no measureable means by which toaccurately determine what percentage of PDDYNAMIC literature is

CL BYDECL OADRDRV HUM 4-82

SECRET

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actually reaching its intended audience. And, we believe,some forms of propaganda, particularly the stickers, have nodemonstrable effect and should be either significantlydecreased or dropped altogether.

4. EPS Recommendation: Although a longstanding activity,PDDYNAMIC has little in the way of positive accomplishments to.show for the money and time which have been invested in it. Asan activity of this kind cannot be terminated abruptly, EPSconcurs in retroactive approval for FY 83 and projected fundingfor FY 84. EPS recommends, however, that OPACT PDDYNAMIC beterminated at the end of FY 84; and that steps be takenimmediately to inform PDDYNAMIC assets of this decision, and toidentify other areas where the funds projected for PDDYNAMICcan be more effectively used. (Note: Amounts appearing onForm 848 have been changed by EPS/Comptroller to reflectapproval for both FY83 and FY84. These changes reflect theamounts requested, not the amounts programmed. As a matter ofform, EPS does not understand why an OPACT renewal forPDDYNAMIC was not submitted in FY 83, as is the standardprocedure for OPACTS.)

,71

SECRET

MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for Operations

SUBJECT: FY-1983 and FY-1984 Renewal of ActivityPDDYNAMIC

PURPOSE:

1. PDDYNAMIC is the operational activity of the Soviet/EECA program under which a controlled subsidy supports theUkrainian Liberation Council (ZP/UHVR) and more directly itspublishing and operational element, Prolog researchCorporation, located in New York. An affiliate in Munich, theUkrainian Society for Studies Abroad, publishes a monthlypolitical-literary magazine Suchasnist (Contemporary Times),books, pamphlets, and leaflets (primarily in Ukrainian butoccasionally in Russian) for infiltration and clandestinedistribution into the Soviet Ukraine, or for passing toofficial Soviet representatives or travelers abroad. The mainpurpose of the group's activities and publications is toprovide intellectual and moral support to those Ukrainianoppositional groups who seek social and economic moderation ofthe Soviet political system and who encourage liberalizingtrends among various strata of the Ukrainian population whooppose the repressive Soviet policy of enforced Russification.This activity is in furtherance of DDO Objective T.

2. This activity is in compliance with the provisions ofSection 662 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended,in that it is covered by a Presidential Finding dated 7 June1978 and has been reported to the appropriate Congressionalcommittees.

ACCOMPLISHMENTS:

3. During the twelve month period of FY 1983, an estimatedtotal of 38,264 items of PDDYNAMIC - producedliterature/stickers were distributed/infiltrated into theUkraine. These items were either hand carried or mailed intothe Ukraine. PDDYNAMIC and its publications branch,Suchasnist, have continued to publish the monthly magazineSuchasnist, a 127 page Ukrainian language magazine dealing withsocio-political, literary and current affairs. Despite

WARNING NOTICE

CL BYCINTELLIGENCE SOURCES

DECL OADR DRVOR METHODS INVOLVED

• HUM 4-82

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SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PPDYNAMIC

editorial problems of 1982, which resulted from a change in. editor in 1981, and a few issues that were not published; in

1983 a new editor has taken over the journal and is nowproducing it on a regular basis maintaining the high level ofthe publication. The journal Suchasnist is highly regarded asthe best Ukrainian language journal published in the West.There have been numerous testimonials from within the UkrainianSSR (both from dissident circles who read issues of it and fromthe Soviet press which continues to attack it frequently.) Anestimated total of 5,474 copies of Suchasnist were infiltratedinto the Ukraine. In addition to this, PDDYNAMIC continuedwith an ongoing program of publishing reprints from the journalSuchasnist, having them reduced in size. In FY-1983 6,149'ofthese reprints were mailed into the USSR from different citiesthroughout the wcirld.

4. The book publication program of Suchasnist has alsocontinued to develop during FY-1983. This program is a variedone. It includes political literature, novels, poetry, andtranslations into Ukrainian from other languages. DuringFY-1983 a total of 9,743 books were mailed and infiltrated intothe Ukraine. Among these were: Selected Articles on the Nationality Question; In the World of Ideas and Images; andPoems, Selected and Next to the Last. During this periodPDDYNAMIC received numerous requests for this type ofliterature from people in the Ukraine, from the Ukrainians inPoland, Romania, and other Eastern Bloc countries. PDDYNAMIChad to gear its publishing program to meet these needs. Thegreatest demand came for Ukrainian Catholic literature.

S. The other aspect of PDDYNAMIC publishing program for.FY-1983 dealt with reprinting timeless materials - reproducingthose books in pocket size format to facilitate distributioninto the USSR. In FY-1983 PDDYNAMIC reprinted the following:Internationalism or Russification?, work produced by aUkrainian dissident; Litopys UPA a documentary history of theUkrainian Partisan Army(UPA); In the Forests of the Lemko Region, a book which deals with the UPA struggle; History's Carnival; and others.

6. A new aspect was brought into PDDYNAMIC FY-1983publications program. PDDYNAMIC began publishing the quarterlyRussian language journal FORUM. The motivation for this was toprovide the Russian audience inthe USSR with materials dealingwith the nationality problems as well as showing them thatthere exists a Russian democratic group which isanti-imperialist in its outlook and supports national

2

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SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PDDYNAMIC

self-determination for the non-Russian people of the USSR. Thejournal, Forum, is edited by a native Russian individual whowas formally a member of the Ukrainian Helsinki watch group inKiev. During FY-1983, there were 545 copies of the journal,Forum, infiltrated, into the USSR.

7. PDDYNAMIC is not merely a publishing house of Ukrainianliterature, but also the distributor of a majority of its ownpublications. During FY-1983, PDDYNAMIC concentrated a lot ofeffort on supplying the Ukrainian groups in Poland with asizable amount of Ukrainian literature which will be used foreventual distribution into the Ukraine. At the same time, astart was made to supply Ukrainian literature to the Ukrainiansliving in Rumania who in turn will infiltrate it into theUkraine.

Also during this period, PDDYNAMIC hand carried 84Lithuanian books to that country, mailed 192 to Poland, passedon to Soviet tourist in the West 27 books and 28 tapes. Therewere 178 books sent to China. Furthermore, in FY-1983,PDDYNAMIC began a more concentrated program of distributingreligious literature into the Ukraine. This was done to meetan increasing demand from inside the Ukraine for this type ofliterature.

As in the past, the distribution of Ukrainian literaturewas done from different parts of the world - either by directmail, hand carried, given to Soviet Ukrainian tourists andofficials in the West, or via mailing from Eastern Europe. Thebulk of distribution for PDDYNAMIC's new publication, Forum,was done by the PDPORTAL.

8. In order to expand distribution, PDDYNAMIC continuedto look for new channels. In FY-1983, PDDYNAMIC began a pilotproject in Tokyo which will include both literaturedistribution and CA activitiy into the USSR. To increaseoperational capabilities in Europe PDDYNAMIC established anoffice in London and a young British citizen of Ukrainiandecent was put in charge of it. The office and its employeeshave been very active during this period and already haveexpanded their contacts with young people of Ukrainian, Polish,Russian, and other nationalities who are willing to take partin distribution of PDDYNAMIC publications, etc. 'During thisreporting period 'there were nine people sent to Poland, as wellas three to Moscow, and two to Rumania. All those people have

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SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PDRYNAMIC

taken in some books, cameras, tape recorders, stickers, andmoney to help finance the ongoing operations.

9. In addition to journals, books, and reprintsinfiltrated into the Ukraine, in FY-1983 PDDYNAMIC also began anumber of CA operations. The projects undertook were:

a. PDDYNAMIC infiltrated 215 tapes, hand carried into'the USSR and put up by hand 1,100 stickers, anddelivered six hand stamping devices.

b. Anti-Afghanistan war project was designed tostimulate anti-Afghanistan war feelings in thedifferent republics of the USSR. Along this line,PDDYNAMIC prepared a number of different anti-warposters, rubber stamps, etc. and infiltrated them backinto the target area. Twenty-five hand stampingdevices were taken into Afghanistan.

c. Another project .along this line was the "PraguePeace Project" designed to disrupt the world PeaceCongress in Prague in June of 1983. Posters wereprepared in Czech and Polish, and infiltrated into, thetwo countries. PDDYNAMIC contacted members of groupsinvited to the Peace Congress and asked them to raisethe issues of Afghanistan, Martial Law in Poland, andthe invasion of Czechoslovakia. There were 5,600stickers taken into Czechoslovakia and many were putup before the local forces took them down. Thisproject including the posting of stickers was coveredby BBC-TV.

d. A third pilot project in this line was theproduction, in Polish, of a number of slogans onself-inking rubber , stamps, which were infiltrated intoPoland. These rubber stamps were used to stamp Polishcurrency with anti-regime and pro-solidarity slogans.About 60 stamps were made (good for 600,000impressions without re-inking). Altogether there were25 slogans made. In addition, there were 47 handstamping devices, dealing with "Prague PeaceCongress," taken into Poland.

Overall, during FY-1983, there were 15,400 stickers,dealing with different slogans, taken into the EasternBloc countries and put up.

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SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PDDYNAMIC

10. In FY-1983, PDDYNAMIC continued its policy of tryingto work with other groups which have interests similar toPDDYNAMIC. During this reporting period, PDDYNAMICconcentrated its efforts on cooperating with different Polishgroups involved with Solidarity, and the underground press. Oneof PDDYNAMIC's major accomplishments in this area was workingwith and supporting a C., :/agent. ',Reported inE,

An other new channel for literature distribution which wasexplored during FY-1983 by PDDYNAMIC, dealt with theestablishment of Baltic channels. This channel would have amultifold purpose: to enlarge PDDYNAMIC capabilities and tobegin a literture distribution via Baltic Republics. Somecontacts were 'established to the Baltic groups in Germany,Sweden and England.

A contact was established with a Vietnamese Group in Paris,which publishes the journal Que Me. Also during this period,PDDYNAMIC continued contacts with the PRC. These contactsinvolved providing the PRC side with contemporary literature oncurrent Soviet affairs and probing for possible future exchangeof representatives. The PRC side has constantly expressed •adesire to slowly increase cooperation with PDDYNAMIC'sorganization.

11. As in the past, PDDYNAMIC continued providing toforeign newsmen materials dealing with the current situation inthe Ukraine. One of PDDYNAMIC's free-lance employees in Londonregularly contributes to a number of British newspapers and inthis capacity has been able to place a number of articlesuseful to PDDYNAMIC objectives.

12. The PDDYNAMIC research effort has been devoted todifferent aspects of trends and contemporary events in theUkraine. In FY-1983, PDDYNAMIC provided trip reports fromtravelers to the Ukraine, their observations, discussions withPDDYNAMIC contacts in the Ukraine and with relatives andfriends they have there. These reports dealt with the popularreaction in the Ukraine to the war in Afghanistan, to the

. situation in Poland, current economic problems, CPSU affairsand other questions. Those travelers also brought back localnewspapers, telephone directories, photographs and similarinformation. This information was provided for SE DivisionReports for general background information on the Ukraine andhas also resulted in 2 disseminations.

5

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SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PDDYNAMIC

EFFECTIVENESS:

13. The effectiveness of the PDDYNAMIC publication/CAprogram and distribution program is attested to by numeroustestimonials from within the Ukrainian SSR, both from dissidentcircles who read PDDYNAMIC publications and from the Sovietpress which continues to attack it frequently. One of thereturning travelers from the Ukraine has said that he read in alocal newspaper such comments as: "Lately nationalist emigrecenters are actively trying to use the mails to influencecertain ideologically unstable individuals in our oblast (Lvovoblast - ed). Every year we receive many packages, letters andpackets, mainly from the USA, Canada, France, Germany andEngland . . ." The official Ukrainian language newspaper inPoland, Nashe Scovo, reprinted exerpts of poems which werepublished in Suchasnist. Ukrainians from Poland have beensubmitting materials from themselves for publication inSuchasnist. .Tourists returning from the Ukraine have statedthat they heard from relatives and friends who say that theyread Suchasnist. London Times covered the anti-Afghanistan warstickers which were produced by PDDYNAMIC and taken into theUSSR by a group of Japanese travelers. Stickers made byPDDYNAMIC and distributed during the Prague Peace Congress inPrague was covered by the BBC television. Furthermore, thePolish underground journal Oboz has reprinted articles fromSuchasnist ',after translating them into Polish).

A number of travellers to Poland have seen PDDYNAMICpublications being circulated by Ukrainians in Poland and heardvery positive comments about PDDYNAMIC publications fromuniversity professors of Ukrainian descent who have ties to thePolish intellectuals. The University of Lublin Library sentPDDYNAMIC a number of letters thanking him for publications andasking for more. The reason the library is asking for morebooks is because these books are being stolen from the libraryby the students and circulated among the people.

PROBLEMS:

14. The greatest difficulty in FY-1983 related to theability of PDDYNAMIC to distribute, by the hand carried method,literature into the Ukraine. This method, the best one by far,is also the most difficult one. The KGB offensive in theUkraine. since the early 1970's has created greater fear amongthose who would potentially hand carry PDDYNAMIC publicationsinto the country, and awing people in the Ukraine who are -

6

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SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PDDYNAMIC

afraid to take literature in any great quantity. To counterPDDYNAMIC has given more emphasis upon other devices for

carrying the message across - stickers, cassettes, etc. Thesewere easier to take in and distribute without implicatinganyone in the Ukraine.

15. Without a doubt PDDYNAMIC journal, Suchasnist,continues to produce high quality material on literary andsociological matters, and has added a useful political elementover the last several years. Nevertheless, there has been aclear lack of political, historical, and economic materialsdestined for the upper reaches of the Ukrainian Intelligencia,including government cadre. This need will be addressed to bythe new El __13 operation which will begin its publishingactivity in FY-1984.

16. As a result of Headquarters audit of PDDYNAMICproject, recommendations were made regarding: Administrationof a deferred compensation plan, improvements in financialrecords and administration, cover documentation for Agencyfunding, and changes in the ownership of PDDYNAMIC. DuringFY-1983 recommendations regarding administration of deferredcompensation plan, improvements in financial records andadministration were discussed with PDDYNAMIC and implemented.Recommendations regarding cover documentation for Agencyfunding and changes in the ownership of PDDYNAMIC are underdiscussion with PDDYNAMIC/57 and is being reviewed in detailwith the Cover Staff. Action will be taken during FY-1984 toreclassify the project from a controlled subsidy to aproprietary.

PLANS:

17. In order to meet the demand for ongoing analysis ofthe world situation and the views on current Soviet policies -PDDYNAMIC will need to, in FY 1984, provide more pocket-sizeissues of PDDYNAMIC journals Suchasnist and Forum (as of now,the format for journal Forum is suitable for distribution).Another area of increased interest is Ukrainian Catholicism andthe appropriate literature for this field. PDDYNAMIC will tryto provide more books in pocket-size format. In the future,more emphasis will be placed on infiltrating not only books andliterature into the USSR, but posters, tapes, rubber stamps,buttons, etc. These objects are easier to bring in, can beattached with ease to walls, phone booths, etc. This type ofactivity gets much greater attention among the population thanbooks brought in.

7

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SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PDDYNAMIC

a. PDDYNAMIC will . continue to explore the possibilityof setting up a distribution organization in Rumaniain order to expand its infiltration routes into theUkraine. This will involve investigating the statusof Ukrainian minority in that country and to see whatborder traffic exists between Rumania and theUkraine. Contacts will continue with the Ukrainianemigres from Rumania, who are in the West, for purposeof debriefing them on the current situation andavailability of resources in that country.

b. During the early part of FY 1984, PDDYNAMIC/57will travel to China, Australia, Afghanistan, Japanand Europe to contact his sources in those countries

. and to explore new methods/routes for infiltratingPDDYNAMIC materials into the USSR. During this trip,PDDYNAMIC/57 will visit the Tokyo office for purposeof turning over the operation to a Japanese nationalwho will run the Tokyo office and publish Samizdat: Inner Report from the USSR. The new base will be usedfor distribution of PDDYNAMIC literature into theUSSR. During his stop-over in London, PDDYNAMIC/57will finalize the preparations for the publishing of anewsletter, which will be put out by PDDYNAMIC'soffice in London. The title of this newsletter willbe Soviet Nationality Survey and it will deal withproviding concise and topical information about the"other Russia" - it's problems, and it's relationshipto Russians.

c. PDDYNAMIC plans to continue publication of theUkrainian language journal Suchasnist, the Information Bulletin, Russian language journal Forum, and topublish as many Ukrainian language manuscripts as thebudget will allow. Including in this list a.widerange of titles among which are: "The Captive Mind"translated from Polish; "A History of Ukraine," byRoman SZPORLIUK; "1984" (Ukrainian translation);"Language Policy in Soviet Ukraine," by RomanSOLCHANYK; "Language Question in the Ukraine in the20th Century," by George Shevelov. In addition,PDDYNAMIC would like to proceed with greater tapecassette distribution, and already is in the processof getting together Ukrainian popular music, poems andpolitical topics to be used in recording thecassettes.

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SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PDDYNAMIC

d. Finally, to protest the planned deployment ofSoviet SS-20 missiles in Czechoslovakia, PDDYNAMICproposed to organize a poster/sticker campaign inside •Eastern Bloc countries. To counter the Sovietsponsored "International Youth Year," PDDYNAMICproposed to examine the possiblity of an interventionby PDDYNAMIC and associated groups in 1985 on aworldwide basis. This preliminary study wouldconcentrate upon what events are being planned, inwhich countries they will be held, who are theparticipants and what types of interventions arefeasible. Also, PDDYNAMIC plans to continue tomaintain some links to the PRC in FY-1984 - exchangescholars and provide them with literature dealing withthe Soviet nationality problems.

COSTS:

18. It is requested that operational activity PDDYNAMIC berenewed for FY-1984 in the amount ofC: and retroactivelyfor FY-1983 in the amount ofC .)*

SOURCE OF FUNDS

Funds for PDDYNAMIC were included in the IAD/SAnoperational program for FY-1984 in the amount of 17)Through reprogramming, the figure is being reduced to c:which should provide sufficient funds for the activity. ForFY-1985 the operation has been programmed in the amount of

(I:

BUDGET

See attached breakdown.

FOREIGN FUNDS

No foreign currency problems.COMMITMENTS

There are no special commitments involving the PDDYNAMICActivity.

FUNDING

In accordance with the approved administrative plan.

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SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PDDYNAMIC

ACCOUNTABILITY

All funds are accounted for in accordance with Agencyregulations and the approved administrative plan.

10

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t 5_000 $ 5,000

90,0a 95,000

S nonj

89,000

)

$245,600122,000

$367,600

$ 260,000126,000

$ 386,000

$ 275,000146,000

$ 421,000

SECRET

SUBJECT: FY-1984 Renewal of Activity PDDYNAMIC

BUDGET BREAKDOWN

.FY 1983 FY 1984 FY 1985

Cash Resources

Beginning Cash BalanceAgency SubsidyBook Sales & Subscr.

Total Cash Avail.

Less ExpendituresEnding Cash Balance

Expenditures

Fixed ExpendituresNew York Office

Sub-total FixedExpenses

Operating Expenses

Publishing CostsMicrofilm System $ Mat.Purchase of Books and

PeriodicalsDistribution CostsAffilited Group-MunichLondon OfficeTokyo OfficeResearch & Contact OpsOperational Travel and

EntertainmentSub-total Operating

Expenses

Total Expenditures

$198,00020,000

3,00062,000

101,00055,00073,00065,000

18,400

$595,400

$963,000

$ 210,000 $ 240,000

10,000 10,000

8,000 15,000

68,000 85,000

106,000 120,000

60,000 70,000

76,000 95,000

70,000 85,000

21,000 25,000

$629,000 $745,000

$1,015,,000 $1,166,000