I I 2 T H E B R I T I S H J O U R N A L O F T U B E R C U L O S I S

one finds tha t after six pages of discussion of the ~etiology 'of this disease and its re la t ionship to tuberculosis , Professor Ziegler s ta tes tha t " t h e ~etiology of H o d g k i n ' s g ranuloma is not yet sett led." Under the c i rcumstances it seems to the wri ter of this review that Professor Ziegler ' s chapter might have been grea t ly shortened. S imi lar cr i t ic ism applies, though with less force, to Professor Georg Deycke ' s chapter in the same volume on the re la t ionship between leprosy and tuberculosis .

T h e r e are a couple of minor points to which the attention" of the editors might be directed. One is with regard to the b ib l iography, which is not given on a uniform plan. I t is impor tan t that when references are given in a lphabet ica l order of the authors ' names at the end of a chapter , instead of as footnotes (where the subject of the paper is known from the context), the t i t le of the paper should never be omit ted. Also in volume ii. it would be more logical to have the chapters on symptomato logy either before or after those on t rea tment ra ther than sandwiched in between them. I also notice that Pe rcy Kidd is quoted as Kidd Percy (vol. iii., p. 547), and Thomson W a l k e r is referred to both as Thompson W a l k e r ( i b i d . , p. 541) and as W a l k e r Thompson ( i b i d . , p. 583).,, These cr i t ic isms do not in the least detract from the value of this unique and magnif icent work, which can be unhes i ta t ingly and enthusias t ical ly recommended to all who are seriously interested in any branch of tuberculosis , whether from the prac t ica l or scientific aspect. I t is a work of which the editors, the individual contr ibutors , and the publ ishers may jus t ly be proud.

W . M. FELDMAN, M.D. (LoND.), F . R . S . (EDIN.).

S U N S H I N E A N D O P E N A I R .

Professor Leona rd Hi l l has produced a book1 which will appeal to a var ie ty of readers, both lay and medical ; it will do so because it is at once a plea for a more rat ional usage of beneficent influences of which civi l izat ion has tended to baulk nature, and a scientific demonstra t ion of jus t wha t these influences are. The t ime is cer ta inly more than ripe for a reconsiderat ion of na ture ' s claims. Such a book as that given us by Dr. Leonard Hi l l may have great value if it has tens action agains t such d isease-producing agencies as bad housing, smoke nuisance, poor food, and other influences inimical to the heal th of man- kind. Dr. Hi l l opens with a descr ipt ion of the Alpine winter climate, and then follows a chapte r in which is discussed the meteorology of high as compared with low al t i tudes. T h e physiological react ions are brought out in such a way as to demons t ra te the effects upon diseased condit ions of the clear, cold air of the mounta ins when combined with sunshine, powerful both in heat and actinic rays. A chapter concerned with humidi ty and ca tar rh develops one of the many depar tments of appl ied physiology which the author may a lmost be said to have ini t iated and made his own. I t is very certain that if such a principle as the physiological saturat ion-defici t were to take its proper and impor tant place in publ ic health, the people would be

t ,, Sunshine and Open Air : Their Influence on Health, with Special Reference to the Alpine Climate." By Leonard Hill, M.B., F.R.S., Director of the Depart- ment of Applied Physiology of the National Institute of Medical Research. London : Edward Arnold and Co., 4 r and 43, Maddox Street, W. i . 1924. Price los. 6d. net.

N O T I C E S O F B O O K S I t 3

great ly benefited. Many lessons in vent i la t ion which were re learned during the late war stil l remain to be appl ied by the communi ty in general , and all who are in teres ted in the construct ion and conduct of publ ic bui ldings should master this vi ta l subject. The subject of sunshine and the act ion of l ight upon the organism receives exhaust ive t rea tment in chapters which would themse lves form a monograph of very high excellence. Th is monograph is replete with records of original work, not a little of which is due to the researches of the author and other members of the L igh t Commit tee of the Medical Research Council. The chapter on the biological action of l ight is of special in teres t and much pract ical importance. The r61e of light in the t rea tment of diseases, especial ly tuberculos is and rickets, is fully discussed. The impor tance of avoiding overheat ing is r ight ly emphasized, and it is on account of this danger that the author has advised the construct ion of t rea tment boxes for pat ients undergoing hel iotherapy, in which the roof is open, so that a free circulat ion of cool air is ensured. I t seems likely tha t it is along such scientifically di rected lines tha t the exis t ing empir ical use of sunshine and open air in the t rea tment of disease will give way to a rat ional appl ica t ion of measured, opt imum, doses of the sun 's rays. The re can be no doubt that wha t is wanted at the present t ime is some means whereby we can control adequate ly such a great therapeut ic agent as light, which, however, unless wisely used, may become a double-edged weapon. Dr. Hi l l ' s book is to be warmly commended, not only to all medical advisers, physiologists , and physicis ts , but also to everyone who has at hear t the best in teres ts of education, hygiene, and the general welfare of the race. T h e volume is effectively i l lus t ra ted with plates reproducing photographs , d iagrams, and charts , and is excel lent ly pr in ted on good paper . Such a work should be thoroughly s tudied by all s tudents of tuberculos is and open-air t rea tment , and cer ta inly all who are responsible for the care and direction of tuberculous pat ients should read and ponder the work in its ent irety.

BERNARD HUDSON, M.D. ROBERT G. BANNERMAN, M.D.

HELIOTHERAPY IN SURGERY.

At a t ime when world-wide interest in he l io therapy exists, the appear- ance of a new edit ion of Dr. Oscar Bernhard ' s r emarkab le work is very opportune. 1 Not the least of the reasons which make it a classic is the fact that he was and is one of the greates t pioneers in the development of the subject , an acute and pat ient observer , one who has had much to do with the laying of the t rue foundation upon which the present -day s t ructure of he l io therapy rests. The present volume is much more than a second ed i t ion ; it is considerably larger than its predecessor, and reflects the g rea t progress made in this depa r tmen t of therapeut ics in a re la t ively short space o f t ime. W h i l e Bernhard has wri t ten

t ,, Neue Deutsche Chirurgie." Begrfindet yon P. v. Bruns. Herausgegeben von H. Ktittner in Breslau. 23 Band. " Sonnenlichtbehandlung in der Chirurgie. Einschliesslich der KSnstlichen Lichtquellen." Von. Dr. O Bernhard. St. Moritz. Zweite Neubearbeitate Auflage. Ss. xvi+ 314, mit I49 Tells Farbigen Textabbild- ungen. Stuttgart: Verlag von Ferdinand Enke. i923. Price Io.5o Swiss francs. 8s. net.